• 가족자원경영과 정책
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.1-21
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• 2015

Unlike daily hassles or minor stressors, immigration is an intense life event that may cause excessive stress. In particular, immigrant parents find themselves in a more stressful situation in that they experience stresses caused by immigration and stresses caused by parenting at the same time. The purpose of this study is to develop and validate an Immigrant Parental Stress Inventory (IPSI), that objectively and comprehensively assesses the stress experienced by immigrant parents within the Korean context. Based on the Immigrant Parental Stress Inventory developed within the American context, preliminary items were refined through a literature review and the discussions of experts and immigrant parents and were empirically validated with a sample of 203 immigrant parents residing in Korea. Through exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, six main factors were identified (Factor1 Difficulties in communication, Factor2 Financial difficulties, Factor3 Difficulties in social adjustment, Factor4 Social discrimination, Factor5 Lack of social resources, Factor6 Difficulties in parenting). The IPSI was shown to be a psychometrically sound instrument that is capable of measuring immigrant parental stress within the Korean context. Social service professionals and researchers studying or working with immigrant families could use the IPSI to examine immigrant parental stress.

• 아동학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.57-71
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• 2003

부모의 양육효능감은 부모신념체계를 구성하는 한 부분으로서 부모의 역할을 수행하는 자신의 능력과 기대에 대한 믿음을 의미한다. 이는 부모역할수행에 직접적으로 영향을 미치며, 부모양육과 여러 변수간에 매개역할을 하는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 미국내 거주하는 202명의 한인 이민가정의 부모를 대상으로 한 본 연구결과에 의하면 부모의 양육효능감은 권위적/민주적 부모역할수행과 정적인 상관관계를 보이나 권위주의적 부모역할수행과는 유의미한 관련성을 보이지 않았다. 또한 권위적/민주적 부모역할수행과 권위주의적 부모역할수행이 긍정적인 상관관계를 나타냈다. 이는 지금까지 서구사회의 부모를 대상으로 한 연구결과와는 다른 것으로, 자녀에 대한 권위적 통제나 감독이 한인부모에게는 부정적인 개념이 아님을 시사한다. 결론적으로, 미국 부모의 양육을 기준으로 미국내 한인 부모의 자녀양육행동을 이해하는 것은 문제가 될 수 있으며 한인 부모의 경우 한국 문화적 맥락과 미국사회의 가치 체계 및 영향을 함께 고려해야 한다고 여겨진다.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.111-121
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to examine how immigrant Korean American parents' aspirations for children's educational attainment are related to their childrearing behavior, their beliefs about the nature of children's intelligence, their level of acculturation, and their beliefs about achievement. One hundred and twenty five immigrant Korean mothers in the United States participated in the study. The present study found that parental expectation for a daughter's educational attainment was significantly related to the mother's educational level. The results of regression analysis also indicated that for daughters, the significant predictors for parents' aspirations for children's educational attainment were the mothers' educational level and parental beliefs about achievement; for sons, significant predictors were the mothers' educational level and parental nurturance.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.101-112
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• 2009

Purpose: The study was to assess marital satisfaction. needs for help, and stress of immigrant women. Method: The study employed a descriptive design of data collection. Structured Questionaires were given to the subjects; 144 women who immigrated to Korea through marriage. The data were then analyzed using $x^2$-test, one way ANOVA, and Pearson's Correlation. Results: Stress of immigrant women was significantly different according to their nationality. Housework was the highest among stress domains, the next were finance, husband, parents in law, health, children, and friends. Among these, the subject's stress was significantly correlated to the domains of husband and parents in law. The level of immigrant women's marital satisfaction was significantly different according to their job. Immigrant women's Korean proficiency was correlated to marital satisfaction and their marital satisfaction was significantly correlated to stress. Needs for help of immigrant women were rated in the following order : communication, the raising of children, culture and institution, finance, employment, socialization, marriage problem, discrimination, and self development. Conclusion: The findings of this study could be useful to help develop new programmes, and to support existing projects that help immigrant women integrate into Korean society.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.2074-2084
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• 2014

대부분의 이민자들은 새로운 언어와 문화에 익숙하지 않기 때문에 미국의 한국 이민자 자녀들에게는 사회적 자본이 절실하다. 그러나 이민자 부모들과 그 자녀들은 학교 안팎에서 사회 관계망을 형성하는데 제한적일 수밖에 없다. 이 연구를 위해 연구자들은 개방적 심층면담과 근거이론에 기반한 자료의 코딩과 분석과 같은 질적연구 방법을 사용하였다. 연구 결과 한국 이민자 부모들이 동족 관계망을 형성해 교육적 정보를 획득하고 교육적 의사결정을 내린다는 것을, 그리고 영어가 이러한 교육적 의사결정에 중요한 영향을 미치는 것이 밝혀졌다.

• Child Studies in Asia-Pacific Contexts
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.105-122
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• 2013

The relationship between an adolescent and his/her parents is one of the most important relationships that can have a significant effect on adolescents' well-being and functioning. While there has been an increase in research on Asian American families in recent years, still much less is known about adolescent-parent relationships in these families. Asian American adolescents face some of the challenges that mainstream European American adolescents face, but their experiences are complicated by the cultural and immigration-related factors that have unique contribution to their relationships with their parents. As such, there is urgent need for research that identifies and provides a comprehensive understanding of factors that contribute to the experiences of Asian American immigrant families. The current paper provides a systematic look at adolescent-parent relationships in Asian American immigrant families using the Bronfenbrenner's ecological model. More specifically, this paper provides a succinct review of the literature on developmental issues, immigration, and culture-related factors that affect Asian American adolescent-parent relationships, and guided by Bronfenbrenner's ecological theory, an ecological framework of Asian American adolescent-parent relationships is proposed.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.45-61
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• 2015

This study examines the effects of time spent with parents and peers on generational differences in children's externalizing behavior problems in immigrant families. Using the Child Development Supplement and Time Diaries from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics, we found that first and second generation children exhibited fewer externalizing behavior problems than did third generation children, despite their lower socioeconomic status. First and second generation children spent more time with either one or both parents, and less time with peers, on the weekend day than did third generation children. We found a marginal but beneficial effect of time spent with fathers on the weekday, but not on the weekend day. The implications are that time spent with fathers on weekdays differs from time spent with fathers on the weekend, and that promoting immigrant father involvement on the weekday through school or community programs could benefit immigrant children.

• 한국사회복지학
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• 제67권1호
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• pp.5-29
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• 2015

다문화 중도입국 청소년들에게 진로발달은 한국 사회적응과 사회적 배제의 완화를 직 간접적으로 돕는 요인이며 진로정체감은 진로발달을 고취시키는 핵심적인 요소로 평가된다. 이에 본 연구는 이들의 진로정체감발달과 연관된 요인으로써 차별, 우울, 자존감의 관계를 한국인 부모를 둔 비 빈곤 청소년 및 빈곤 청소년과 비교하였다. 주요 연구결과 첫째, 변수들의 평균분석에서 중도입국 청소년들은 비 빈곤 청소년들에 비해 우울이 높고 자존감이 낮은 특성을 보였다. 둘째, 경로분석과 다중집단 분석에서 중도입국 청소년들의 차별경험은 진로정체감에 유의미한 영향력을 나타냈고 우울과 자존감을 매개하는 영향력 역시 나타냈다. 그러나 비 빈곤 청소년과 빈곤 청소년들의 경우는 차별이 우울과 자존감을 매개하는 효과만을 나타냈다. 이를 토대로 중도입국 청소년들의 진로발달을 위한 이론적 실천적 함의를 논하였다.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.145-157
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• 2010

This is a study that explores the influence of self-differentiation and acculturation among married immigrant women on their feelings of marriage satisfaction by residential area. The aim was to verify the level of self-differentiation and acculturation that married immigrant women secure from multicultural marriage. To achieve this objective, the study widely distributed a questionnaire that targeted women who were participating in education and other services at health and family support centers, multi-cultural family support centers, general social welfare centers, immigrant women shelters, and Korean language classrooms which are located in Seoul, Gyeonggi, Chungcheong, Jeolla, and Gyeongsang. Data analysis involved frequency analysis, descriptive statistics, one-way-Anova, and multiple regression analysis. Based on the results of descriptive statistics, two factors, namely, (1)interpersonal-relation differentiation, a sub-scale of self-differentiation, and (2)marginalization, a sub-scale of acculturation, had the lowest average. In verifying its various hypotheses, the study achieved the following results. Firstly, among demographic characteristics, there was difference of the mean in the marriage period, average monthly income, the frequency of meetings with the married woman´s parents-in-law and her own parents, and the average cost of supporting the woman's parents-in-law and her own parents. Secondly, among demographic characteristics, the variable of influencing marriage satisfaction showed negative influence in the case of women dwelling in farming and fishing villages. This shows that women residing in cities whether small, medium or large have higher marriage satisfaction. Also, as a result of verifying whether self-differentiation has influence on marriage satisfaction, the element of interpersonal-relations differentiation had a negative influence on marriage satisfaction. Thirdly, as for influence of acculturation upon marriage satisfaction, the study showed that just integration, which is a sub-scale of acculturation had positive effect on marriage satisfaction. In other words, the study showed that the interpersonal-relation differentiation among the sub-scales of self-differentiation among married immigrant women had a negative influence, and that integration among the sub-scales in acculturation had a positive influence on marriage satisfaction. Based on these results, in order to increase interpersonal-relation differentiation, as well as marriage satisfaction among immigrant women, the study suggests the integration of the women's families with the nuclear and extended families in the communities where the women reside.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.75-86
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• 2005

This study examines unique manifestations of intergenerational conflict related to the acculturation process of immigrant families. No scale that measured the acculturation aspect of intergenerational conflict exsited. Thus, a new scale was developed to investigate this unique aspect among Korean American adolescents. The study design was cross-sectional, and employed a convenience sampling method. The participants were Korean American adolescents of junior and senior high school age, 14 to18 years old. The study was conducted at eleven Korean churches and one hakwon (private out-of-school studies .institute) in Fairfax County, Virginia. Korean American adolescents expressed that the issues related to education, such as academic pressures and high expectations, caused intergenerational conflict most frequently. Unlike findings from previous studies, the participants indicated that language differences between parents and children rarely caused intergenerational conflict. Contrary to previous findings, none of the characteristics variables, such as age, gender, length of residency and language preference, were significantly correlated with this unique conflict. This study provides a rare opportunity to enhance our understanding on how Korean American adolescents interact with their immigrant parents.