• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.387-392
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• 1996

All immature stages, eggs, larvae, and pupae of Korean Thiaspida, T. cribrosa and T. lewisii, are described and Illustrated for the first time. Two species belonging to genus Thiaspida In the subfamily Cassidlnae; T. cribrosa and T. lewisii.Observatiors on bionomics of immature stages and on their taxonomic charaders are also given.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.44 no.1 s.138
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• pp.1-4
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• 2005

The immature stages of Nephrotoma virgata Coquillett (Diptera, Tipulidae) are described. Detailed illustrations of the immature stages are provided. It is the first to deal the immature stages of the genus Nephrotoma in Korea.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.213-217
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• 2002

The present paper is a part of the study on the immature stages of genus Tipula in Korea. It describes and illustrates each immature stage of Tipula (Yamatotipula) latemurginata from egg to pupa.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.43 no.4 s.137
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• pp.263-266
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• 2004

The immature stages of Tipula patagiata Alexander (Diptera, Tipulidae) are described. Detailed illustrations of the immature stages are provided.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.277-282
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• 2003

The present paper is a part of the study on the immature stages of genus Tipula in Korea. It described and illustrated egg, each larval stage and pupa of Tipula nova. It is the first to deal the all immature stages of the species in Korea. Their taxonomic remarks and habitats are also given.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.272-282
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• 2022

The essential oil extracted from Citrus × natsudaidai (Yu. Tanaka) Hayata peels is known to have various biological properties. However, the chemical composition of essential oil is influenced by the ripening stages of fruits, which then affects related biological activities. This study investigates the antioxidant activities of essential oils extracted from Citrus × natsudaidai peels at different ripening stages (immature, mature, and overripe). The essential oils were extracted using the hydro-distillation method. As a result of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis, d-limonene was dominant and was increased as matured. However, 𝛄-terpinene was decreased. The antioxidant properties and their total phenolic content (TPC) were influenced by the ripening stages. The TPC was highest in the immature stage of essential oil (1,011.25 ± 57.15 mg GAE/100 g). 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity was excellent in the immature stage (EC₅₀ = 15.91 ± 0.38 mg/mL). 2,2'-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activity was superior in overripe stage (EC₅₀ = 20.43 ± 0.37 mg/mL). The antioxidant activity measured using ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay showed higher values for the essential oils in immaturity (1,342.37 ± 71.07 mg Fe²⁺/100 g). Comprehensively, the essential oil in the immature stage showed the best antioxidant activity. Finally, knowing the chemical composition and antioxidant activity at different ripening stages will provide data for selecting the right fruit.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.25-29
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• 2000

Immature and adult stages of Hydropsyche orientalis Martynov, previously known as Hydropsyche KUe in Korea, were associated based on field observations and rearing experiments. Its larval instars, larval retreat, pupa, pupal case, and male and female adults were described and its ecological notes were provided.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.46 no.1 s.145
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• pp.13-18
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• 2007

Morphological characters of adult and immature stages on Elophila turbata (Butler, 1881) belonging to subfamily Nymphulinae, family Crambidae are redescribed base on Korean materials. Also we observed biological characters of this species including host plants, Spirodela polyrhiza(L.) Schleiden, Salvinia natans ($Linn\acute{e}$) Allioni and Lemna perpusilla Torre. And, photographs of adult, genitalia and immature stages are provided.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.195-199
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• 2000

The 27 kDa cathepsin L-like cysteine protease of Spirometra erinocei plerocercoid is known to play an important function in tissue penetration, nutrient uptake and immune modulation in human sparganosis. In the present study, the expression of this enzyme was examined at different developmental stages of S. erinacei including immature egg, coracidium, plerocercoid in tadpole and rat, and adult Proteolytic activity against carboxybenzoyl-phenylalanyl-arginyl-7-amino-4-rnethylcournarin was do tooted in the extracts of coracidia and plerocercoid while no activity was observed in those of immature egg and adult. The specific activity in coraridial extracts was lower than that in the plerocercoid. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Northern biol analysis demonstrated that the gene was expressed in the coracidium and plerocercoid but not in immature egg and adult. These results suggest that the 27 kDa cysteine protease is only expressed in the stages involving active migration of the parasite in the host tissue.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.56-59
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• 2017

The external anatomy of the immature stages (last instar larva and pupa) of the crane fly, Tipula (Nippotipula) sinica Alexander, 1935 (Diptera: Tipulidae) is described and illustrated from specimens first collected in Korean peninsula (South Korea). Comments concerning natural history and microhabitats of larvae are provided. This is the first detailed description with illustrations for the last instar larva and pupa of Tipula (Nippotipula) sinica. Pupal characteristics resemble those of most species from advanced lineages within the subfamily Tipulinae. And, also it described with habitats and biological notes of Tipula (Nippotipula) sinica. Crane fly larvae, categorization as found in this survey indicate a taxonomic stream and are expected to help.