• Hwankyungkyoyuk
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.242-253
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• 2012

This research aims to identify the effect of message design on university students' attitude toward the BIPV (Building Integrated Photovoltaic) and find out its educational availability and implications in environment education. For this purpose, we conducted a survey on questionnaires answered by 244 students of S university at lunch time in the school restaurant with the imaginary scenario that it is required to increase the food price due to photovoltaic-equipment. The students were divided into 9 groups and according to whether the eco-friendly message components are offered and the different rate of a rise in the foods' price. In order to look over various aspects of attitudes, the questionnaires are subdivided into 2 parts according to the classification of attitudes; the preference as an cognitive-affective attitude and the intention of visit as an behavioral attitudes. The results of this study are summarized as follows; (1) The eco-friendly message design has a significant effect on students' attitude. (2) If given explanation including information regarding eco-friendly facility and marking eco-friendly' adject, it has an positive influence on students' preference and intention of visit. (3) It is more effective to offer the information about the reason why the cost increase than just explain the eco-friendly characteristics of object as the message design strategy to attract student's positive attitude. (4) Although it is required to burden a certain scale of cost, students show higher preference and intention of visit if given the eco-friendly message design.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2008.04a
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• pp.1033-1036
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• 2008

In this paper, the analysis of impact damage behavior of a reinforced concrete structure that undergoes both a shock impulsive loading and an impact loading due to the air blast induced from an explosion is performed. Firstly, a pair of multiple loadings are selected from the scenario that an imaginary explosion accident is assumed. The RC structures strengthened with glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) composites are considered as a scheme for retrofitting RC wall structures subjected to multiple explosive loadings and then the evaluation of the resistant performance against them is presented in comparison with the result of the evaluation of a RC structure without a retrofit. Also, in order to derive the result of the analysis similar to that of real explosion experiments, which require the vast investment and expense for facilities, the constitutive equation and the equation of state (EOS) which can describe the real impact and shock phenomena accurately are included with them. In addition, the numerical simulations of two concrete structures are achieved using AUTODYN-3D, an explicit analysis program, in order to prove the retrofit performance of a GFRP-strengthened RC wall structure.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.35-42
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• 2016

Formamide is a colorless fluid with ammonia odor, and irritable when inhaled. It has $LD_{50}$ value of > 5,577 mg/kg in rats for acute oral toxicity and NOAEL of 113 mg/kg/day for target organ (liver) of whole body toxicity. It is also known as reproductive toxicant (1B) and TWA(Time Weighted Average) for it is 10 ppm. Workplace measurements of work places dealing with formamide showed the ppm of all 25 samples was very lower than WEL. However, the exposure concentration can change, depending on workplace condition such as the intensity of work, operating local ventilation system, and wearing protection equipment (Respirators). Therefore, considering it with the risk of whole body toxicity and reproductive toxicity, exposure quantity of each imaginary scenario was calculated at 5.16, 1.72, and $0.43mg/m^3$. The average value was calculated at 0.02-0.58, 0.02-0.66 at 90 percent of cumulative distribution, 0.02-0.69 at 95 percent of cumulative distribution. Therefore, it was generally evaluated to be safe because all values were below 1. However, caution is required to prevent health hazard because it has hepatotoxicity and reproductive toxicity and risk of a high level momentary exposure, depending on the condition of workplace.