• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.37-42
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• 2016

Recent advances have been made in technology of sensor devices. Accordingly, the size of devices has been miniaturized, to which diverse functions can be applied. On top of that, the devices use image processing technology to observe circumstances of users' living spaces and detect risk situations saved in database. In case of detecting risk situations, M2M environment is constructed so that the information can be delivered to other communication devices to immediately raise an alarm. This paper aims to introduce solutions that construct M2M environment by using color detection algorithm of OpenCV and Raspberry Pi, raise an alarm to users in case of fire, and provide information on follow-up measures for it.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.54-61
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• 2008

This paper proposes a new algorithm for detecting and recognizing overlapped objects among a stack of arbitrarily located objects using a signature representation scheme. The proposed algorithm consists of two processes of detecting overlap of objects and of determining the boundary between overlapping objects. To determine overlap of objects, in the first step, the edge image of object region is extracted and those areas in the object region are considered as the object areas if an area is surrounded by a closed edge. For each object, its signature image is constructed by measuring the distances of those edge points from the center of the object, along the angle axis, which are located at every angle with reference to the center of the object. When an object is not overlapped, its features which consist of the positions and angles of outstanding points in the signature are searched in the database to find its corresponding model. When an object is overlapped, its features are partially matched with those object models among which the best matching model is selected as the corresponding model. The boundary among the overlapping objects is determined by projecting the signature to the original image. The performance of the proposed algorithm has been tested with the task of picking the top or non-overlapped object from a stack of arbitrarily located objects. In the experiment, a recognition rate of 98% has been achieved.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Graphics Society
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.31-46
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• 2008

The depth of field is the range that the objects inside of this range treated to be focused. Objects that are placed out of this range are out of focus and become blurred. In computer graphics, generating depth of field effects gives a great reality to rendered images. The previous researches on the depth of field in computer graphics can be divided into two major categories. One of them is the distributed ray tracing that samples the lens area against each pixel. It is possible to obtain precise results without noise if enough number of samples are taken. However, to make a good result, a great number of samples are needed, resulting in an enormous timing requirement. The other approach is the method that approximates depth of field effect by post-processing an image and its depth values computed using a pin-hole camera. Though the second technique is not that physically correct like distributed ray tracing, many approaches which using this idea have been introduced because it is much faster than the first approach. But the post-processing have some limitations because of the lack of ray information. In this paper, we first present an improvement technique that corrects the previous post-processing methods and then propose another one that accelerates the distributed ray tracing by using a radiance caching method.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.2 no.6
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• pp.413-422
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• 2013

In this paper, we propose a novel method for real-time lane detection that is robust for inclined roads and not require a camera parameter, the Inverse Perspective Transform of the image, and the proposed lane filter. After finding the vanishing point from the start frame of the image and storing the region surrounding the vanishing point as the Template Area(TA), our method predict the lanes by scanning toward the lower part from the vanishing point of the image and obtain the image removed the perspective effect using the Inverse Perspective Transform coefficients extracted based on the predicted lanes. To robustly determine lanes on inclined roads, the region surrounding the vanishing point is set up as the template area (TA), and, by recalculating the vanishing point by tracing the area similar to the TA (SA) in the input image through template matching, it responds to the changes on the road conditions. The proposed method for a more robust lane detection method for inclined roads is a lane detection method by applying a lane detection filter on an image removed of the perspective effect. Through this method, the processing region is reduced and the processing procedure is simplified to produce a satisfactory lane detection result of about 40 frames per second.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.537-542
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• 2011

A mirror neuron is a neuron fires both when an animal acts and when the animal observes the same action performed by another. We propose a method of 3D reconstruction for occluded object motion tracking like Mirror Neuron System to fire in hidden condition. For modeling system that intention recognition through fire effect like Mirror Neuron System, we calculate depth information using stereo image from a stereo camera and reconstruct three dimension data. Movement direction of object is estimated by optical flow with three-dimensional image data created by three dimension reconstruction. For three dimension reconstruction that enables tracing occluded part, first, picture data was get by stereo camera. Result of optical flow is made be robust to noise by the kalman filter estimation algorithm. Image data is saved as history from reconstructed three dimension image through motion tracking of object. When whole or some part of object is disappeared form stereo camera by other objects, it is restored to bring image date form history of saved past image and track motion of object.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.52-65
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• 1998

It has been recognized that the cityscate identity is a very important factor in a modern city. It is necessary to have a variable view to urban comunities for understanding the cityscape identity. We have investigated the contents of archaic texts such as the geography for tracing a cityscape identity to its origin in a city. Because it has been written about politics, economics and culture of a specific area in the geography based on deep interest to the city, we can look into the early image of the cityscape closely after searching of archaic texts. It is also significant to stdy with archaic texts of geography since these studies have a correlatio to the understand of an area and the keeping of historical conscious which are fundamental of cityscape identity. We have studieds on the area of Cheongju from the middle of Chosun dynasty to the end of this kingdom, since that many geographies were described those days. It was selected "Go-Reo-Sa" and "Se-Jong-Sil-Lok" Geography, "Sin-Jeung-Dong-Guk-Y대-Ji-Seung-Lam" "Dae-Dong-Ji-Ji" "Dong-Guk- Yeo-Ji-Ji", "Jeug-Bo-Mun-Heon-Bi-Go Yeo-Ji-Go", and "Taek-Li-Ji", as archaic texts of geography because these texts described in detail about city and gave a clue to speculate an image of city. The major results are as follows; 1) It was described about the cityscape in those archaic texts are metaphysical image, existing and usable elements of cityscape, lost resources of cityscape. 2) The metaphysical images are neither objective nor consistent in the each archaic texts. But the metaphysical image of old city suggests good insight for the application to the modern city image. 3) It is necessary to the careful onsideration about the existing elements. 4) There are variable programs about the lost resources of the cityscape, in accordance with the possibility of the restoraton. 5) The physical and visible factors and non-physical and invisible factors are equally important elements of the cityscape identity. Our research suggests that it is necessary to understand in detail how those factors of cityscape identity have changed with the changes of the times, and how those factors affect the modern cityscape identity.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.9 no.8
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• pp.971-981
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• 2006

As shear-warp volume rendering is the fastest rendering method among the software based approaches, image quality is not good as that of other high-quality rendering methods. In this paper, we propose two methods to improve the image quality of shear-warp volume rendering without sacrificing computational efficiency. First, supersampling is performed in intermediate image space. We propose an efficient method to transform between volume and image coordinates at the arbitrary ratio. Second, we utilize pre-integrated rendering technique for shear-warp rendering. We propose new data structure called overlapped min-max map. Using this structure, empty space leaping can be performed so that we can maintain the rendering speed even though pre-integrated rendering is applied. Consequently, shear-warp rendering can generate high-qualify images comparable to those generated by the ray-casting without degrading speed.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.385-396
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• 1993

In this paper, a improved method of digital image analysis required in basic medical science for diagnosis of cells was proposed. The object image was the thyroid gland cell image, and the purpose was automatic discrimination of three classes cells(normal cell, follicular neoplastic cells, and papillary neoplastic cells) by difference of chromatin patterns. To segment the cell nucleus from background, the region segmentation algorithm by edge tracing was proposed. And feature parameter was obtained from discrete Fourier transformation of image. After construct a feature sample group of each cells, experiment of discrimination was executed with any verification cells. As a consequency of using features proposed in this paper, get a better recognition rate(70-90%) than previously reported papers, and this method give shape to get objectivity and fixed quantity in diagnosis of cells, The methods described in this paper be used immediately for discrimination of neoplastic cells.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.1-8
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• 2023

Modeling of artificial targets in Synthetic Aperture radar (SAR) mainly simulates radar signals reflected from the faces and edges of the 3D Computer Aided Design (CAD) model with a ray-tracing method, and modeling of the clutter on the Earth's surface uses a method of distinguishing types with similar distribution characteristics through statistical analysis of the SAR image itself. In this paper, man-made targets on the surface and background clutter on the terrain are integrated and made into a three-dimensional (3D) point cloud scatterer model, and SAR image were created through computational signal processing. The results of the SAR Stripmap image generation of the actual automobile based SAR radar system and the results analyzed using EM modeling or statistical distribution models are compared with this 3D point cloud scatterer model. The modeling target is selected as an bridge because it has the characteristic of having both water surface and ground terrain around the bridge and is also a target of great interest in both military and civilian use.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.238-248
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• 2010

Purpose: To compare the dose distributions between three-dimensional (3D) and four-dimensional (4D) radiation treatment plans calculated by Ray-tracing or the Monte Carlo algorithm, and to highlight the difference of dose calculation between two algorithms for lung heterogeneity correction in lung cancers. Materials and Methods: Prospectively gated 4D CTs in seven patients were obtained with a Brilliance CT64-Channel scanner along with a respiratory bellows gating device. After 4D treatment planning with the Ray Tracing algorithm in Multiplan 3.5.1, a CyberKnife stereotactic radiotherapy planning system, 3D Ray Tracing, 3D and 4D Monte Carlo dose calculations were performed under the same beam conditions (same number, directions, monitor units of beams). The 3D plan was performed in a primary CT image setting corresponding to middle phase expiration (50%). Relative dose coverage, D95 of gross tumor volume and planning target volume, maximum doses of tumor, and the spinal cord were compared for each plan, taking into consideration the tumor location. Results: According to the Monte Carlo calculations, mean tumor volume coverage of the 4D plans was 4.4% higher than the 3D plans when tumors were located in the lower lobes of the lung, but were 4.6% lower when tumors were located in the upper lobes of the lung. Similarly, the D95 of 4D plans was 4.8% higher than 3D plans when tumors were located in the lower lobes of lung, but was 1.7% lower when tumors were located in the upper lobes of lung. This tendency was also observed at the maximum dose of the spinal cord. Lastly, a 30% reduction in the PTV volume coverage was observed for the Monte Carlo calculation compared with the Ray-tracing calculation. Conclusion: 3D and 4D robotic radiotherapy treatment plans for lung cancers were compared according to a dosimetric viewpoint for a tumor and the spinal cord. The difference of tumor dose distributions between 3D and 4D treatment plans was only significant when large tumor movement and deformation was suspected. Therefore, 4D treatment planning is only necessary for large tumor motion and deformation. However, a Monte Carlo calculation is always necessary, independent of tumor motion in the lung.