• 대한수의학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.25-34
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• 1992

The present study were carried out to investigate the effects of Vomitoxin(Deoxynivalenol, DON) induced dysregulation of IgA synthesis. The data presented here demonstrate that exposure to dietary DON increases serum IgA and concurrently decreases IgG and IgM. Peyer's path(PP) and splenocytes from mice fed dietary DON produced increased IgA in mitogen stimulated and macrophage(MØ) perform essential role for Ig synthesis and was affected by the presence of DON. The synthesis and secretion of IgM and IgG under the presence of DON do not require T cell helper activity, whereas those of IgA do require such activity. These results suggest that dietary DON alters the regulation of IgA production and may act as an immunostimulator.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.27-32
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• 2012

Background: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) have been extensively studied in recent years. However, functions of these molecules in murine B cell biology are largely unknown. A TLR4 stimulant, LPS is well known as a powerful polyclonal activator for murine B cells. Methods: In this study, we explored the effect of a murine TLR9 stimulant, M6-395 (a synthetic CpG ODNs) on B cell proliferation and Ig production. Results: First, M6-395 was much more potent than LPS in augmenting B cell proliferation. As for Ig expression, M6-395 facilitated the expression of both TGF-${\beta}1$-induced germ line transcript ${\alpha}$ ($GLT{\alpha}$) and IL-4-induced $GLT{\gamma}1$ as levels as those by LPS and Pam3CSK4 (TLR1/2 agonist) : a certain Ig GLT expression is regarded as an indicative of the corresponding isotype switching recombination. However, IgA and IgG1 secretion patterns were quite different--these Ig isotype secretions by M6-395 were much less than those by LPS and Pam3CSK4. Moreover, the increase of IgA and IgG1 production by LPS and Pam3CSK4 was virtually abrogated by M6-395. The same was true for the secretion of IgG3. We found that this unexpected phenomena provoked by M6-395 is attributed, at least in part, to its excessive mitogenic nature. Conclusion: Taken together, these results suggest that M6-395 can act as a murine polyclonal activator but its strong mitogenic activity is unfavorable to Ig isotype switching.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.222-227
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• 2007

주요 가금티푸스 유발균인 Salmonella gallinarum에 대항하는 항체를 계란으로부터 효율적으로 얻기 위하여 사료 첨가제, 산란계에 백신 주사 시 adjuvant 종류, target균 외의 첨가균의 여부에 따른 계란 내의 면역 단백질 생산을 비교 측정하였다. 참숯의 급여에 의한 면역처리구의 specific IgY 함량을 보면 0.5% 참숯을 급여한 처리구가 가장 높은 함량을 나타내었으며, specific IgY의 생산에 참숯의 급여가 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. Adjuvant 처리에 따른 total IgY 함량의 변화는 거의 없는 것으로 나타났으나 specific IgY는 Freund's adjuvant를 사용하여 백신 처리한 처리구에서 높게 나타났다. Adjuvant 사용 시 결핵균을 같이 첨가한 경우 더 많은 specific IgY가 생성되었으나, 수산화 알미늄 처리구에서는 결핵균 첨가에 의한 영향이 나타나지 않았다. 15주령에 면역처리를 해준 경우 21주령에 면역처리를 해준 경우 보다 산란율이 높았으며, 사료에 참숯을 첨가한 경우 일반사료 급여군에 비해 산란율저하가 완화되었다.

• 고려인삼학회:학술대회논문집
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• 고려인삼학회 1993년도 학술대회지
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• pp.84-93
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• 1993

It has been reported that ginseng is effective in the central nervous system, immune system, and the strong inflammatory responses. However, there has been no research report yet about the effect of ginseng on allergic hypersensitivity reactivity. To confirm the ginseng effects on the release of mediators(histamine. leukotrienes etc.) which cause the hypersensitivity reactivity and inflammatory response, we used actively sensitized guinea pig airway tissues by utilizing the superfusion technique. In this procedure. the contractile response and mediators released after antigen stimulation of sensitized tissues, and IgG and IgE antibody products were measured in sera of immunized animals. Then the results of the controll group were compared to those of ginseng pretreatment groups. In the total saponin(TS) and panaxatriol(PT) pretreatment, histamine release decreased by $20\%$ in the tracheal tissues after active sensitization by ovalbumin(OVA, 10mg/kg), but in the lung parenchyma, histamine release decreased by $40\%.$ Panaxadiol(PD) significantly decreased histamine release by $40\%$ in the both tissues after active sensitization. TS, PT and PD of ginseng poorly blocked leukotrienes (LTs) and prostagrandin $D_2(PGD_2)$ release(less than $10\%$). Ginseng TS and PT had no effect on the serum IgG antibody production by ovalbumin, whereas PD significantly increased serum IgG antibody contents(approximately by 2 times). However, $IgG_1$ antibody products in the serum of guinea pig actively sensitized with ovalbumin after PD pretreatment were decreased, compared to that with ovalbumin alone. IgE antibody production by passive cutaneous anaphylaxis(PCA) titer in the TS pretreatment increased 3 times more than in the absence of TS(PCA titer by PT was not detected). These studies show that some ginseng saponins can in part act to inhibit mediator release in antigen - induced airway smooth muscle by inducing the IgG antibody production which has been changed in the specificity.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.95-102
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• 2007

The mRNA expression of several cytokines was evaluated in splenocytes and mesenteric lymph node (MLN) cells of rats infected with Capillaria hepatica by reverse-transcription (RT)-PCR until week 12 after infection. IgG1 and IgG2a, which are associated with Th1 and Th2 response, respectively, were also assessed by ELISA. The results indicated that the majority of cytokines, including the Th1 (IL-2 and $IFN-{\gamma}$ and Th2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-5 and IL-10) were expressed at maximal levels during the early stage of infection (after week 1-2), and the ELISA data also evidenced a similar pattern of changes in IgG1 arid IgG2a. Th1 and Th2 cytokines responded in a similar fashion in this rat model. The expression of cytokines in splenocytes was significantly higher than that in MLN cells, thereby indicating that cytokine production is controlled more by spleen than by MLN. In addition, the observation that $IFN-{\gamma}$ expression increased unexpectedly at the time of maximal egg production (6 weeks after infection) indicated that $IFN-{\gamma}$ is a cytokine reacting against egg production. However, increased IL-5 expression occurring in tandem with worm activity indicated that the activity of C. hepatica might be controlled by IL-5 expression.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.16-32
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• 2016

Objective : The water extract of Bojungikgi-tang (BTE) composed with Ginseng Radix, Astragali Radix, Angelicae gigantis Radix, Atractylodes Rhizoma alba, Aurantii nobilis Pericarpium, Glycyrrhizae Radix, Cimicifuga Rhizoma, and Bupleuri Radix and it has been traditionally used for chronic diseases or weakness after illness in oriental countries. However, little is known about the effects of aqueous extract of BTE on trimellitic anhydride (TMA)-induced contact hypersensitivity (CHS). Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of BTE on TMA-induced CHS in BALB/c mice.Methods : In this study, the extract of BTE was prepared by extracting with distilled water at 100℃ for 2.5 h. The extract was freeze-dried following filtration through 0.45 μm filter. Mice were orally administrated with or without BTE extract of different doses (25-200 ㎎/㎏/day) for 28 days. During the challenge period, mice were externally applied with different doses of BTE extract one time per day 30 min before TMA treatment. I examined the effects of BTE on the serum levels of IgE, IgG1, IgG2a, and IgG2b, nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂) production in isolated peritoneal macrophages, Th2 cytokine production in isolated spleen cells, ear swelling responses, and the leukocyte infiltration induced by TMA.Results : The orally and externally administration of BTE dose-dependently reduced the serum levels of hapten-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE), IgG1 titer, and PGE₂ production as well as ear swelling responses and leukocyte infiltration in TMA-induced BALB/c mice. The levels of NO and PGE₂ production from peritoneal macrophages stimulated with TMA-BSA were markedly suppressed by pretreatment with BTE in a concentration dependent manner. Furthermore, the levels of Th2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, IL-13) production from spleen cells stimulated with ConA were markedly suppressed by BTE treatment in a concentration dependent manner.Conclusions : These results suggest that BTE treatment suppresses chronic contact hypersensitivity, and it can be assumed that the suppression of ear swelling, serum IgE, NO and PGE₂ levels, leukocyte infiltration, and Th2 cytokines in an animal model. Therefore, these properties may contribute to the strong anti-CHS response effect of BTE.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.166-173
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• 1992

Mice were fed semi-purified diets containing 0, 2, 10 and 25 ppm(mg/kg) deoxynivalenol over 8 weeks and were assessed for effects on bodyweight gain, serum immunolglobulin levels and surface immunoglobulin bearing lymphocyte ratio. 1. The rate of body-weight gain was significantly reduced (p＜0.05) at the 10 and 25 ppm of DON, whereas the mice ingesting the diet containing 2 ppm DON was not. 2. IgA in serum immunolglobulin was significantly increased (P＜0.05) at the 10 and 25 ppm of DON, but IgG, IgM were decreased, whereas exposure to 2 ppm DON was not change. 3. Concentration of IgA from Peyer's patch of mice fed DON exhibited increased at 10, 25 ppm. 4. Lymphocytes surface marker studies revealed that IgA, IgG and IgM were 2.2%, 0.4% and 1.5％ respectively. These results suggest that dietary exposure to DON alters regulation of IgA production

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.243-248
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• 2001

저자들은 생후 2개월부터 지속되는 만성 설사를 주소로 내원한 환아에서 면역글로불린 정량 검사상 IgA의 결핍과 함께 $IgG_2$ 및 $IgG_4$ 결핍이 동반되어 있고 영아기에 빈번한 설사와 감염을 동반한 증례를 경험하였기에 보고하는 바이다.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.175-182
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• 1994

An experiment was conducted to establish a large scale production method of anti-serum against chicken IgM and to profile the developmental changes of serum IgM levels during the feeding period(from hatching to 7 weeks of age) in broiler chicks. Blood samples were taken from Hubbard chicken at the age of hatching, three days of age, and weekly thereafter till to 7 weeks of age. The pure IgM was isolated from ammonium sulfate treated chicken serum by both sephadex G-200 and sepharose CL-6B chromatography. The breaking-through peak containing IgM appeared from the fraction 26 to 28. These fractions consisted mainly of IgM when tested by anti-chicken IgM(Nordic, Netherlands). Immunized with the heavy chain of this purified IgM, the rabbit immune sera(anti-chicken IgM) were formed a reaction only with the purified chicken IgM. The quantitative assay of serum IgM were carried by RID method. The optimal time for diffusion was 14 hours and the coefficient of determination($R^{2}$) for regression equation of standard curve was 0.992. It was observed that IgM concentrations were the highest at hatching(3.23 mg /mL), after that decreased gradually. From 2 to 5 weeks of age the levels unchanged(2.0 ~ 2.3mg /mL), and gradually decreased to 7 weeks of age(1.3 mg /mL).

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.163-170
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• 2004

The effect of immune activation by Echinacea purpurea was investigated by measuring total immunoglobulin (Ig) G, IgM. and the radioprotective effect of immune activation by Echinacea purpurea was investigated by measuring T lymphocyte subsets in the peripheral blood of mice following whole body irradiation. Echinacea purpurea activated macrophages to stimulate $IFN-{\gamma}$ production in association with the secondary activation of T lymphocytes, resulting in a decrease in IgG and IgM production. Cytokines released from macrophages in mouse peripheral blood after Echinacea purpurea administration activated helper T cells to proliferate. In addition, activated macrophages in association with the secondary T lymphocyte activation increased $IFN-{\gamma}$ production and stimulated proliferation of cytotoxic T cells and suppressor T cells, indicating the activation of cell-mediated immune responses.