• Applied Microscopy
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.49-60
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• 1986

Ultrastructures of the large and elongated cells (idioblasts) in the haustorium of a parasitic angiosperm, Cuscuta australis R. Brown growing on the host plant, Trifolium repens L. were investigated by the electron microscopy. The idioblasts were characterized by the presence of a large nucleus, small vacuoles, and dense cytoplasm including a number of various cell organelles such as ribosome, rough endoplasmic reticulum(r-ER), mitochondrion, dictyosome, proplastid, multilamellar structure(MLS), microfilament bundle(MFB), and cytosegresome. Therefore, it is suggested that the idioblasts are metabolical1y very active. Particularly, MLS, MFB, and cytosegresome observed in this study did not appear in the haustorial cells of the other parasitic angiosperms. MLS was transformed into vacuole and also incorporated with cell wall. MFB composed of microfilaments, about each 7.5 nm in diameter, was observed in nucleus and also cytoplasm. Some types of MFB were distinguished on the basis of arrangement of microfilaments. A part of cytoplasm sequestered by stacked cisternae of smooth ER(s-ER), cytosegresome, was altered into a vacuole which was formed by digestion of the sequestered cytoplasm and of cisternae of s-ER. Cell organelles such as MLS, MFB, and cytosegresome were discussed in relation to the metabolic control of the idioblasts.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.261-270
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• 1985

The portion of Cuscuta japonica haustorium which lies external to the host tissues, the upper haustorium, was investigated at the light- and electron-microscopic levels. The haustorium lightly contacted with the host was formed by the expansion of the epidermis and cortex of the stem at the contact side, and to have a group of meristematic cells within the haustorial cortex. When such a haustorium was closely contacted with the host, the meristematic region transformed into a primordial structure of the endophyte (endophyte primordium, EP) which may penetrate into the host tissues. EP consisted of the three kinds of cell group: dividing cells at the adaxial or proximal side; large, elongate cells (idioblasts) at the middle portion,; compressed cells at the abaxial or basal side. the idioblasts were characterized by the presence of large nucleus, dense cytoplasm, several small vacuoles, and abundant cell organelles including the multilamellar structures and cytosegresomes, and thus suggested to have a high metabolic activity. The features of the EP were discussed in relation to the possibility of the penetrating into host tissues.

• 한국동물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국동물학회 2001년도 한국생물과학협회 학술발표대회
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• pp.182.1-182
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• 2001

No Abstract, See Full Text

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.295-303
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• 2004

식물체에 여러 유기성분을 함유하는 발향성 식물인 토마토는 표피조직에 여러 형태의 이형세포가 발달한다. 유용식물인 토마토에 대하여는 많은 영역에서 활발하게 집중 연구되고 있으나, 표피조직에 발달하는 이형세포에 촛점을 두고 구조적으로는 자세히 연구되어 있지 않고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 토마토 표피조직, 특히 생식기관의 표피조직에 발달하는 이형세포들의 구조 및 분화 발달양상을 주사전자현미경적 방법으로 연구하였다. 토마토 표피조직에는 불규칙형 기공과 방사형 돌출기공의 두 유형의 기공이 발달하였으며, 모용은 분비성과 비분비성의 다양한 4가지 형태로 분화하였다. 분비성 모용은 peltate 형과 capitate형 분비모로 대별되었고, 비분비성 모용은 단상모와 원좌형 기저세포의 장상모로 발달하였다. 특히, 화경에는 돌출기공의 발달이 현저하였고, peltate형 분비모는 꽃받침과 자방 표피조직에 뚜렷하였다. 이후 분비모용과 돌출기공에 대한 세포학적 측면에서의 구조적인 연구가 병행되어 본 결과와 접목되면 구조와 기능간의 관계규명에 많은 도움을 줄 것이며, 유용성분의 자원화 및 기능물질 개발에 있어 더욱 의미있는 연구가 될 것이다.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.11-18
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• 2018

Objectives : Saururus chinensis and Houttuynia cordata (Saururaceae) are perennial herbs using for medicinal purposes in Korea. The objectives of this study are to compare anatomical key characters between two medicinal plants and to provide fundamental information for the identification of two herbal medicines by using anatomical features. Methods : Cross-sections of root, rhizome, stem, petiole, and leaf for each species were observed in this study. Materials were analyzed through dehydration, paraffin embedding and micro-sectioning, and double staining with Safranin O and Fast-Green FCF. Observations of permanent preparation were conducted using light microscope. Results : S. chinensis and H. cordata were distinguished with anatomical differentiations; Idioblasts with essential oil were scattered in the parenchyma cell of cortex, pith, and phloem of S. chinensis, on the other hand, in H. cordata, idioblasts were distributed ring-shaped in the cortex of the root. S. chinensis had two cycles of vascular bundles in the stem while H. cordata had one cycle. Hypodermis layer was conspicuous in a stem of H. cordata, crystals were observed the only parenchyma in a stem of S. chinensis, and epidermal oil cells were developed in the epidermis of H. cordata. S. chinensis had air cavity at the cortex and pith of the stem. The shape of cross-section was polygonal in the stem of S. chinensis and was circular in the stem of H. cordata. Conclusions : We investigated anatomical study of Korean S. chinensis and H. cordata. To identify two herbal medicines, we considered main anatomical features and provided identification key here.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.350-356
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• 2015

Abeliophyllum distichum is a monotypic taxon of Oleaceae and endemic to Korea. A comprehensive study on embryogeny and fruit and seed coat ontogeny in Abeliophyllum was carried out via microtome and light microscopy. The fertilization occurs during mid– to late April and embryo matures by early July. The embryo development follows the general fashion from globular embryo – transition embryo – heart shaped embryo – torpedo embryo – walking-stick embryo to mature embryo. The pericarp clearly differentiates into three histological zones: exocarp, mesocarp, and endocarp. The young seed comprises 10-12 cells thick seed coat and the mature seed coat comprises an exotesta, 6-8 mesotesta and an endotesta. Any crystals, phenolic-like compounds, idioblasts, and the sclereids are not found in pericarp as well as seed coat. An overall development confirms Solanade type of embryogenesis in Abeliophyllum. The endocarp becomes more prominent in mature fruit and all the layers of endocarp are highly lignified. On the basis of mechanical layer the seed coat is of exotestal type.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.1-9
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• 1985

The portion of Cuscuta japonica haustorium which lies internal to the host tissues, the endophyte, was examined at the ultrastructural level. The endophyte consisted of mainly small parenchymatous cells and large, slightly elongate cells at the tip. The tip cells were characterized by the presence of large and lobed nucleus, several small vacuoles, dense cytoplasm, abundant rough endoplasmic reticulum, dictyosomes, and mitochondria, and thus suggested to have a high metabolic activity. The shape, arrangement, and cytological characteristics of the parenchymatous and tip cells consisting the endophyte were very similar to those of the dividing cells and idioblasts, respectively, which appeared in the endophyte primordium of the upper haustorium. The tip cells with the thickened-apical wall were observed to grow intrusively through the host cell walls and to engulf the remnants of the degenerated host cells. In the former case intrusive growing cell was regarded to develop into the filamentous cell, the hypha. Plasmodesmata through the cell wall were not observed between host and parasite cells. Some host cells that in contact with the penetrating tip cells of the endophyte, showed the degenerating features such as a loss of cytoplasm, a beaded fashion of small vesicles, and deformation of chloroplasts.