• 한국정보과학회논문지:정보통신
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.489-497
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• 2001

차세대 정보전에서는 자신의 정보 시스템에 대한 침해방지, 복구 등의 수동적인 형태의 보호뿐만 아니라 상대방의 정보 기반구조(Information Infrastructure)에 대한 공격과 같은 적극적인 형태의 보호가 요구된다. 침입이 발생함과 동시에 시스템에 대한 피해를 최소화하고 침입자 추적 등의 즉각적인 대응을 하기 위해 정보보호시스템이 인간의 개입없이 자동적으로 대응하는 기능을 제공할 필요가 있다. 본 논문에서는 자기확장 모니터링 기법과 이를 기반으로 설계된 침입자동대응 모델을 제시한다. 또한 제안된 모델에 의해 설계, 구현된 침입자동대응 시스템인 ARTEMIS(Advanced Realtime Emergency Management Identification System)를 소개한다. 자기보호 기능을 가진 모니터링과 복제를 이용한 자기확장 모니터링은 모니터링 정보수집과 침입자 추적에 대한 공간적인 제약을 최소화하여 침입탐지와 침입자 추적의 정확도를 높인다.

• 대한한의진단학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.45-50
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• 2016

Objectives Although the word Zheng (證) is widely used basic term in nowaday's East Asian traditional medicine, it's definition can't be found in ancient texts before 20th century, and the history in which that term got general meaning in public, have not been clearly introduced. So the present author show the way Zheng confirm it's modern implication. Methods To search the books that contain any contents on Zheng's definition, the author mainly used the electronic texts of Super Star Reader (超星閱讀器). To search modern study article on Zheng's definition, the author used China National Knowledge Infrastructure (www.cnki.net). Results The present study shows that : although Treatments according to disease Pattern Identification (辨證施治) have been prominent treatment modality in East Asian traditional medicine, the general definition of disease Pattern (證) was given in late 20th century. Especially from 1955 to 1965, some major scholars like Ren Ying Qiu (任應秋), Zhu Yan (朱顔), Qin Bo Wei (秦伯未) and Jiang Jian Fu (蔣見復) did important roles in it's concept creation. Conclusions Modern concept of Zheng (證) was defined in late 20th century.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제23권56호
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• pp.65-85
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• 2000

Industrial accidents have been consistently increased in terms of medical costs, lost work days, and incidence rates every year in Korea. Since the infrastructure of the industry changed shifts rapidly from 1980s in the developing countries such as South Korea, the nature and magnitude of the industrial accidents have also undergone a major shift. The situation is especially severe in small-to-medium sized industry(SMI). This article reports the development of a systematic evaluation system of risk factors specifically for the SMIs. The new approach introduced by this article is geared to the systematic identification and evaluation of the injuries from power press machines using the Analytic Hierarchy Process with the key evaluation data generated and evaluated by the employees on site. A total of 21 companies was studied and surveyed using the hierarchical structures of the cause-effect relationship of the mechanical injuries and their countermeasures. For the relative weighting of each risk factor, separate questionnaire survey was conducted for the selected workers from each company who had worked for more than 10 years in press work. Most participants (48 out of 62) replied that human attributes were the most significant factors for mechanical injuries fellowed by administration, machine, and work environment factors. The result also showed that the self-motivated risk assessment and safety enhancement activities would be an effective and efficient way of managing the risk factors in the SMIs.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제70권4호
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• pp.457-466
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• 2019

This study develops a damage detection method based on neural networks. The performance of the method is numerically and experimentally verified using a three-story shear building model. The framework is mainly composed of two hierarchical stages to identify damage location and extent using artificial neural network (ANN). The normalized damage signature index, that is a normalized ratio of the changes in the natural frequency and mode shape caused by the damage, is used to identify the damage location. The modal parameters extracted from the numerically developed structure for multiple damage scenarios are used to train the ANN. The positive alarm from the first stage of damage detection activates the second stage of ANN to assess the damage extent. The difference in mode shape vectors between the intact and damaged structures is used to determine the extent of the related damage. The entire procedure is verified using laboratory experiments. The damage is artificially modeled by replacing the column element with a narrow section, and a stochastic subspace identification method is used to identify the modal parameters. The results verify that the proposed method can accurately detect the damage location and extent.

• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.39-55
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• 2021

Objective : To investigate specific prescriptions, herbal medicines and treatment strategy, this study systematically reviewed case studies on traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) treatment for childhood cancer. Method : Literature searches were performed on database of China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). Studies published before December 2020 were categorized and analyzed according to the treatment strategy and we also investigated Chinese herbs used in the prescriptions. Results : Twenty-five studies including 17 case series and 8 single case reports were included in our review. Of the total 439 patients, 379 (85.7%) had leukemia and other myeloplastic disease. Conventional western medicine (CWM) treatment was also used with TCM based on the syndrome identification. Most studies reported favorable effect of combination treatment with CWM and TCM. Among 266 herbs in the studies, reinforcing herbs were more frequently used than anti-cancer herbs. Conclusion : Traditional herbal treatment for childhood cancer should be performed considering the syndrome identification as well as stage of CWM. Reinforcing herbs should be more focused because of the fragility and growth of the childhood.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.17-34
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• 2022

For steel structures, fatigue cracks are critical damage induced by long-term cycle loading and distortion effects. Vision-based crack detection can be a solution to ensure structural integrity and performance by continuous monitoring and non-destructive assessment. A critical issue is to distinguish cracks from other features in captured images which possibly consist of complex backgrounds such as handwritings and marks, which were made to record crack patterns and lengths during periodic visual inspections. This study presents a parametric study on image-based crack identification for orthotropic steel bridge decks using captured images with complicated backgrounds. Firstly, a framework for vision-based crack segmentation using the atrous convolution-based Deeplapv3+ network (ACDN) is designed. Secondly, features on crack images are labeled to build three databanks by consideration of objects in the backgrounds. Thirdly, evaluation metrics computed from the trained ACDN models are utilized to evaluate the effects of obstacles on crack detection results. Finally, various training parameters, including image sizes, hyper-parameters, and the number of training images, are optimized for the ACDN model of crack detection. The result demonstrated that fatigue cracks could be identified by the trained ACDN models, and the accuracy of the crack-detection result was improved by optimizing the training parameters. It enables the applicability of the vision-based technique for early detecting tiny fatigue cracks in steel structures.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.1101-1121
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• 2016

Base isolation, one of the popular seismic protection approaches proven to be effective in practical applications, has been widely applied worldwide during the past few decades. As the techniques mature, it has been recognised that, the biggest issue faced in base isolation technique is the challenge of great base displacement demand, which leads to the potential of overturning of the structure, instability and permanent damage of the isolators. Meanwhile, drain, ventilation and regular maintenance at the base isolation level are quite difficult and rather time- and fund- consuming, especially in the highly populated areas. To address these challenges, a number of efforts have been dedicated to propose new isolation systems, including segmental building, additional storey isolation (ASI) and mid-storey isolation system, etc. However, such techniques have their own flaws, among which whipping effect is the most obvious one. Moreover, due to their inherent passive nature, all these techniques, including traditional base isolation system, show incapability to cope with the unpredictable and diverse nature of earthquakes. The solution for the aforementioned challenge is to develop an innovative vibration isolation system to realise variable structural stiffness to maximise the adaptability and controllability of the system. Recently, advances on the development of an adaptive magneto-rheological elastomer (MRE) vibration isolator has enlightened the development of adaptive base isolation systems due to its ability to alter stiffness by changing applied electrical current. In this study, an innovative semi-active storey isolation system inserting such novel MRE isolators between each floor is proposed. The stiffness of each level in the proposed isolation system can thus be changed according to characteristics of the MRE isolators. Non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm type II (NSGA-II) with dynamic crowding distance (DCD) is utilised for the optimisation of the parameters at isolation level in the system. Extensive comparative simulation studies have been conducted using 5-storey benchmark model to evaluate the performance of the proposed isolation system under different earthquake excitations. Simulation results compare the seismic responses of bare building, building with passive controlled MRE base isolation system, building with passive-controlled MRE storey isolation system and building with optimised storey isolation system.

• 실내환경 및 냄새 학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.355-361
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• 2018

Mold grows more easily when humidity is higher in indoor spaces, and as such is found more often on wetted areas in housing such as walls, toilets, kitchens, and poorly managed spaces. However, there have been few studies that have specifically assessed the level of mold in the indoor spaces of water-damaged housing in the Republic of Korea. We investigated the levels of airborne mold according to the characteristics of water damage types and explored the correlation between the distribution of mold genera and the characteristics of households. Samplings were performed from January 2016 to June 2018 in 97 housing units with water leakage or condensation, or a history of flooding, and in 61 general housing units in the metropolitan and Busan area, respectively. Airborne mold was collected on MEA (Malt extract agar) at flow rate of 100 L/min for 1 min. After collection, the samples were incubated at $25^{\circ}C$ for 120 hours. The cultured samples were counted and corrected using a positive hole conversion table. The samples were then analyzed by single colony culture, DNA extraction, gene amplification, and sequencing. By type of housing, concentrations of airborne mold were highest in flooded housing, followed by water-leaked or highly condensed housings, and then general housing. In more than 50% of water-damaged housing, the level of airborne mold exceeded the guideline of Korea's Ministry of Environment ($500CFU/m^3$). Of particular concern was the fact that the I/O ratio of water-damaged housing was greater than 1, which could indicate that mold damage may occur indoors. The distribution patterns of the fungal species were as follows: Penicillium spp., Cladosporium spp. (14%), Aspergillus spp. (13%) and Alternaria spp. (3%), but significant differences of their levels in indoor spaces were not found. Our findings indicate that high levels of mold damage were found in housing with water damage, and Aspergillus flavus and Penicillium brevicompactum were more dominant in housing with high water activity. Comprehensive management of flooded or water-damaged housing is necessary to reduce fungal exposure.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.334-344
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• 2009

EPCglobal 네트워크는 EPC(Electronic Product Code)와 RFID(Radio Frequency Identification) 기술을 바탕으로 제품에 식별번호를 부여하고 정보를 저장할 수 있는 공간을 네트워크로 연동하여 공급자, 수요자, 소비자가 제품에 관련된 정보를 알 수 있게 해주는 시스템이다. 또한 EPCglobal 아키텍처 프레임워크는 EPC를 사용하여 공급과 유통망 강화라는 업체간의 공동 목표를 위한 서비스하는 것이다. 국내 수출입 물류와 관련하여 기 구축된 물류정보 인프라를 활용하면서 RFID 환경 하에서의 수출입 물류 프로세스의 정의와 각 거점별 용어의 정의가 필요하다. 따라서 이 논문은 EPCglobal 네트워크 프레임 아키텍처의 이벤트 정의 시 사용될 표준 어휘를 제공하고, XML 구현을 통해 실제 사용 가능한 환경을 지원할 것이다. 그러므로 정의된 어휘는 EPCglobal 네트워크의 사건 기술과 XML 구현을 통한 실질적으로 사용 가능한 플랫폼 제공에 기여할 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국도서관정보학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.415-440
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• 2005

본 연구는 의미적 상호운용이 가능한 학술지 공동이용 시스템 구축에 기초자료 제공을 목적으로 학술지의 메타데이터 시스템의 체계에 관해 분석하였다. 학술지 정보의 특성을 고려하여 학술지 메타데이터 형식을 학술지 식별자 정보, 학술지 서지정보와 학술지 소장정보로 구분하여 고찰하였다. 학술지 식별자 정보는 학술지에 정보관리 시스템의 주요키로서, 디지털정보 매체가 일반화되고 있는 시점에 이에 대한 고려가 중요하다. 학술지 서지정보 형태는 전통적으로 MARC 포맷을 활용하여 왔지만, 앞으로 MARC의 풍부한 메타데이터 요소와 DCMI의 간편성을 조화시킨 서지정보 표현 방식이 필요하다. 학술지 소장정보 표현에는 ANSI/NISO Z39.71 등 최근에 제안된 메타데이터 표준안이 간편하면서 다양한 소장 형태를 표현하기에 적합하며, 제공하는 학술지 정보 서비스 형태에 따라 기술 수준의 정도가 차별화 되어야 한다. 현재의 컴퓨터 기술은 정보의 표현과 처리가 XML 중심이기 때문에, 학술지 메타데이터 기술도 XML 기반이어야 한다.