• 제목/요약/키워드: Ice crystal nucleation

검색결과 3건 처리시간 0.014초

System Design and Performance Analysis of a Quick Freezer using Supercooling

  • Kim, Jinse;Chun, Ho Hyun;Park, Seokho;Choi, Dongsoo;Choi, Seung Ryul;Oh, Sungsik;Yoo, Seon Mi
    • Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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    • 제39권4호
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    • pp.330-335
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    • 2014
  • Purpose: This study was conducted for enhancing the performance of a conventional quick freezer by introducing the supercooling state, using a low-temperature coolant. Methods: In the present investigation, the supercooling process was executed prior to quick freezing for reducing the time by which the temperature passes the zone of maximum ice crystal formation. Every food has different nucleation points and hence, we used silicone oil as the coolant for supercooling for easy modification of temperature. Additionally, for quick freezing, we used liquid nitrogen spray. Results: Using the heat exchanger-type precooler with silicone oil, the temperature of the chamber was easily changed for enabling supercooling. Particularly, the results of the freezing test with garlic indicated that this system improved the hardness of garlic after it was thawed, compared to the conventional freezing method. Conclusions: Before quick freezing, if the food item is subjected to the supercooling state, the time from nucleation to the temperature reaching the frozen state ($-5^{\circ}C$, which is the maximum ice crystal formation zone) will be shorter than that incurred using quick freezing alone. The combination of the heat exchanger-type supercooler and liquid nitrogen sprayer is expected to serve as a promising technology for improving the physicochemical qualities of frozen foods.

Food Preservation Technology at Subzero Temperatures: A Review

  • Shafel, Tim;Lee, Seung Hyun;Jun, Soojin
    • Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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    • 제40권3호
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    • pp.261-270
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    • 2015
  • Purpose: Cold storage is the most popular method used to preserve highly perishable foods such as beef and fish. However, at refrigeration temperatures, the shelf life of these foods is limited, and spoilage leads to massive food waste. Moreover, freezing significantly affects the food's properties. Ice crystallization and growth during freezing can cause irreversible textural damage to foods through volumetric expansion, moisture migration induced by osmotic pressure gradients, and concentration of solutes,which can lead to protein denaturation. Methods: Although freezing can preserve perishable foods for months, these disruptive changes decrease the consumer's perception of the food's quality. Therefore, the development and testing of new and improved cold storage technologies is a worthwhile pursuit. Results: The process of maintaining a food product in an unfrozen state below its equilibrium freezing temperature is known as supercooling. As supercooling has been shown to offer a considerable improvement over refrigeration for extending a perishable product's shelf life, implementation of supercooling in households and commercial refrigeration units would help diminish food waste. Conclusions: A commercially viable supercooling unit for all perishable food items is currently being developed and fabricated. Buildup of this technology will provide a meaningful improvement in the cold storage of perishable foods, and will have a significant impact on the refrigeration market as a whole.

과냉각 온도가 급속냉동-해동 처리된 돈육 등심의 저장성에 미치는 영향 (Effect of supercooling on the storage stability of rapidly frozen-thawed pork loins)

  • 최은지;박해웅;정영배;김진세;박석호;천호현
    • 한국식품저장유통학회지
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    • 제24권2호
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    • pp.168-180
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    • 2017
  • 본 연구는 초저온 액체 침지식 급속 냉동으로 동결된 돈육 등심에 적합한 급속 해동방법을 선정하고 과냉각 저장이 냉동-해동 돈육의 미생물학적, 이화학적 및 관능적 품질 변화에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. 4와 $10^{\circ}C$ 송풍식 해동과 4와 $10^{\circ}C$ 유수식 해동은 냉동 돈육 시료가 해동이 완료되는 약 290-750분 소요되었지만 27.12 MHz 라디오파 해동은 약 20분으로 가장 신속하게 돈육을 해동시켜 저장실험에 필요한 냉동 돈육의 급속 해동방법으로 선정하였다. 한편 $-1.5--5^{\circ}C$로 24시간 냉각 처리 후 돈육 횡단면의 미세구조 분석 결과, $-1.5^{\circ}C$에서 냉각 처리된 시료의 표면과 중심부는 동결에 의한 조직 손상이 발생하지 않았음을 확인하여 $-1.5^{\circ}C$를 과냉각 저장 온도로 선정하였다. 저장 중 대조구인 신선육과 비교하여 냉동-해동 처리된 돈육에서 발생한 드립감량은 유의적으로(p<0.05) 높은 경향을 보였지만 $-1.5^{\circ}C$과냉각 저장이 돈육의 드립감량 증가를 억제하였다. 또한 4와 $15^{\circ}C$ 저장과 비교하여 $-1.5^{\circ}C$ 과냉각 저장은 대조구와 냉동-해동 처리구의 TVBN과 TBARS 함량 증가, Hunter a* 값 감소와 b* 값 증가를 억제하는 효과를 보였다. $15^{\circ}C$ 저장 4일 후 대조구와 냉동-해동 처리구의 총 호기성 세균 수는 9 log CFU/g 이상으로 급격히 증가하였다. 반면 $-1.5^{\circ}C$ 저장 10일 후 대조구와 냉동-해동 처리구의 총 호기성 세균 수는 각각 5.62와 4.43 log CFU/g으로 관찰되었다. $-1.5^{\circ}C$ 저장 10일 동안 대조구와 냉동-해동 처리구의 대장균군과 효모 및 곰팡이 수는 저장 초기 수준으로 유지하거나 다소 감소하였다. 관능평가 결과에 있어서 4와 $15^{\circ}C$ 저장에 비해 $-1.5^{\circ}C$ 저장한 대조구와 냉동-해동 처리구는 모든 관능평가 항목에서 저장 중 유의적으로 높은 값을 유지하였다(p<0.05). 따라서 라디오파 유전가열 해동은 냉동 돈육 등심의 해동 과정 중 상전이 구간을 빠르게 통과함으로써 급속 해동이 가능하였으며 $-1.5^{\circ}C$ 과냉각 저장이 냉동-해동 처리된 돈육에 얼음결정 형성 없이 품질 유지 및 미생물 생장지연에 효과적인 것을 확인하였다.