• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
• /
• 2007.06a
• /
• pp.378-378
• /
• 2007

In this study, liquid crystal (LC) aligning capabilities for homeotropic alignment on the $ZrO_x$ thin film by electron beam evaporation method were investigated. Also, the control of pretilt angles and thermal stabilities of the NLC treated on $ZrO_x$ thin film were investigated. The uniform LC alignment on the $ZrO_x$ thin film surfaces and good thermal stabilities with electron beam evaporation can be achieved. It is considerated that the LC alignment on the $ZrO_x$ thin film by electron beam evaporation is attributed to elastic interaction between LC molecules and micro-grooves at the $ZrO_x$ thin film surface created by evaporation. In addition, it can be achieved the good electro-optical (EO) properties of the VA-LCD on $ZrO_x$ thin film layer with. oblique electron beam evaporation.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
• /
• v.8 no.6
• /
• pp.274-277
• /
• 2007

In this study, liquid crystal(LC) aligning capabilities for homeotropic alignment on the $SiO_x$ thin film by electron beam evaporation method were investigated. Also, the control of pretilt angles and thermal stabilities of the nematic liquid crystal(NLC) treated on $SiO_x$ thin film were investigated. A high pretilt angle of about $86.5^{\circ}$ was obtained, and also the suitable pretilt angle of the NLC on the $SiO_x$ thin film at $10{\sim}50nm$ thickness with e-beam evaporation can be achieved. The uniform LC alignment and good thermal stabilities on the $SiO_x$ thin film surfaces with electron beam evaporation can be achieved. It is considered that the LC alignment on the $SiO_x$ thin film by electron beam evaporation is attributed to elastic interaction between LC molecules and micro-grooves at the $SiO_x$ thin film surface created by evaporation.

• Journal of Satellite, Information and Communications
• /
• v.8 no.4
• /
• pp.47-52
• /
• 2013

In this paper, The existing interference alignment algorithms were analyzed in Rayleigh fading channel environment. The interference alignment techniques are divided to two parts. First thing is Iterative-method, another is Linear-method. Iterative method needs local channel info, but it has the constraint of iteration. On the other hand Linear-method must have global channel info, but has free of iteration and better performance. This paper evaluates the performance of interference alignment algorithms in Rayleigh fading channel of outdoor environment and WLAN channel based on IEEE 802.11n of indoor environment.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.65-69
• /
• 2015

A vision-based blank alignment unit for a press automation line is introduced in this paper. A press is a machine tool that changes the shape of a blank by applying pressure and is widely used in industries requiring mass production. In traditional press automation lines, a mechanical centering unit, which consists of guides and ball bearings, is employed to align a blank before a robot inserts it into the press. However it can only align limited sized and shaped of blanks. Moreover it cannot be applied to a process where more than two blanks are simultaneously inserted. To overcome these problems, we developed a press centering unit by means of vision sensors for press automation lines. The specification of the vision system is determined by considering information of the blank and the required accuracy. A vision application S/W with pattern recognition, camera calibration and monitoring functions is designed to successfully detect multiple blanks. Through real experiments with an industrial robot, we validated that the proposed system was able to align various sizes and shapes of blanks, and successfully detect more than two blanks which were simultaneously inserted.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
• /
• v.4 no.4
• /
• pp.67-75
• /
• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare Hip-Knee-Ankle(HKA) angle and muscle activation ratio between vastus medialis(VM), rectus femoris(RF), and vastus lateralis (VL), and by this, to examine their relationship. It is aimed to explore how the activation ratio among the muscles involved in patellofemoral kinetics would vary in relation with the frontal alignment of the lower extremity. Subjects and Methods: 26 healthy subjects were recruited for the study. The HKA angles were measured with radiograph. The VM, RF, VL muscle activation level were measured by surface electromyography while each participant performed 4 different types of movement (isometric knee extension, squat, ambulation, step-up) and VM/RF, VM/VL, RF/VL ratios were calculated. Pearson correlation was used to estimate the relationship between the HKA angle and the muscle ratio. Results: There was significant moderate correlation between HKA angle and VM: RF on the left side during ambulation (p<0.05). Moderate correlations were also observed during step-up and squat with less significance (p<0.1). Conclusion: The frontal alignment of the knee measured by the HKA angle was conditionally associated with muscle activation ratio between VM and RF (VM:RF); On the left, during ambulation, step-up, and squat, the more valgus knee tended to correlate with the more VM muscle activation ratio, which is expected to induce more stabilizing effect to the patella and its tracking. It suggests that the frontal alignement measured by the HKA-angle can affect PF kinetics. It also indicates a possibility that increase in valgus alignment of the knee, by the HKA measurement, may not act unfavorably to generate PFP.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 1996.10b
• /
• pp.867-870
• /
• 1996

Often an INS has to be aligned in navigation. In these cases it is necessary to obtain some reference information on the state of the aligned INS(Slave) such as its position, its velocity of its angular rate. Usually the reference information is velocity which is supplied by another reference INS. In the alignment state the velocity computed by the reference INS(Master) is compared with that computed by the slave INS and the difference which is indicative of the slave misalignment with respect to the master, is processed by a Kalman filter which estimates misalignment as well as the slave gyro and accelerometer error states. The operation of aligning a slave INS with a master INS comparing quantities computed by both INS is known as transfer alignment. The delivery vehicle performs error these maneuvers enable the TA Kalman filter to separate between the tilt errors and the accelerometer biases which otherwise are unobservable. The basic objective this paper is to study the observability enhancement by ship's maneuvering and matching methods during transfer alignment at sea.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
• /
• v.28 no.2
• /
• pp.127-146
• /
• 2022

Recently, as word embedding has shown excellent performance in various tasks of deep learning-based natural language processing, researches on the advancement and application of word, sentence, and document embedding are being actively conducted. Among them, cross-language transfer, which enables semantic exchange between different languages, is growing simultaneously with the development of embedding models. Academia's interests in vector alignment are growing with the expectation that it can be applied to various embedding-based analysis. In particular, vector alignment is expected to be applied to mapping between specialized domains and generalized domains. In other words, it is expected that it will be possible to map the vocabulary of specialized fields such as R&D, medicine, and law into the space of the pre-trained language model learned with huge volume of general-purpose documents, or provide a clue for mapping vocabulary between mutually different specialized fields. However, since linear-based vector alignment which has been mainly studied in academia basically assumes statistical linearity, it tends to simplify the vector space. This essentially assumes that different types of vector spaces are geometrically similar, which yields a limitation that it causes inevitable distortion in the alignment process. To overcome this limitation, we propose a deep learning-based vector alignment methodology that effectively learns the nonlinearity of data. The proposed methodology consists of sequential learning of a skip-connected autoencoder and a regression model to align the specialized word embedding expressed in each space to the general embedding space. Finally, through the inference of the two trained models, the specialized vocabulary can be aligned in the general space. To verify the performance of the proposed methodology, an experiment was performed on a total of 77,578 documents in the field of 'health care' among national R&D tasks performed from 2011 to 2020. As a result, it was confirmed that the proposed methodology showed superior performance in terms of cosine similarity compared to the existing linear vector alignment.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
• /
• v.7 no.1
• /
• pp.21-25
• /
• 2006

In this study, liquid crystal (LC) aligning properties for homeotropic alignment on the $SiO_x$ thin film by electron beam evaporation method with electron beam system in accordance with the evaporation angles were investigated. Also, the control of pretilt angles homeotropic aligned LC on $SiO_x$ thin film as the function of the evaporation angles were studied. The uniform vertical LC alignment on the $SiO_x$ thin film surfaces with electron beam evaporation was achieved with all of the thin film angle conditions. It is considerated that the LC alignment on the $SiO_x$ thin film by electron beam evaporation is attributed to elastic interaction between LC molecules and micro-grooves at the $SiO_x$ thin film surface created by evaporation. The values of the pretilt angles according to the evaporation angle were from about $0.7^{\circ}$ to about $3.4^{\circ}$. The highest pretilt angles of about $3.4^{\circ}$ in aligned NLC on the $SiO_x$ thin film surfaces by electron beam evaporation were measured under the condition of $45^{\circ}$. Also, good LC alignment states on the treated $SiO_x$ thin film layer by electron beam evaporation were observed at annealing temperature of $250^{\circ}C$. Consequently, the high pretilt angle and the good thermal stability of LC alignment on the $SiO_x$ thin film by electron beam evaporation can be achieved.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
• /
• v.34 no.2
• /
• pp.677-685
• /
• 2014

Despite the significant benefits of BIM (Building Information Modeling), it is not being vitalized for the facilities that are designed based on the horizontal and vertical alignments because of the lack of flexibility in manipulating surface models generated based on alignments. Alignment-based design produces a surface model in one piece through the definition of the typical cross-section along the alignment. Therefore, linking these alignment-based 3D surface models, that are not modularized and difficult to partition, to the required attribute information is very difficult This paper presents design of a flexible BIM technology suitable for the alignment-based civil infrastructure by providing the partitioning functionality for surface models, the contents library for cross-sectional design components, and the attribute information along with the critical functionalities needed for the design, construction and maintenance of alignment-based civil infrastructure.

• Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering
• /
• v.42 no.2
• /
• pp.95-101
• /
• 2009

This study is the research on the thermal emissivity depending on the bulk graphite's alignment degree. Bulk graphites were manufactured by uni-axial pressing and subsequent heat treatment of natural graphite flakes with organic binder. The samples were prepared to be $0^{\circ}$ (relative to the 002 c-face), $45^{\circ}$, and $90^{\circ}$ (relative to the 100 a-face) for measuring alignment degree. The alignment degree of the sample was measured by XRD. The thermal emissivity was measured by infrared thermal image camera at $100^{\circ}C$ and compared with the value obtained by Infrared spectroscopy. The alignment degree and thermal emissivity of $0^{\circ}$ sample were measured to be 0 and 0.70 respectively. And those of $90^{\circ}$ sample were 0.73 and 0.80 respectively. The emissivity value was correlated with obtained by IR spectroscopy. Therefore it was considered that the thermal emissivity of the bulk graphite is correlated with the alignment degree.