• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.19-32
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• 1990

Lipid levels in the tissues of liver and intestines of O.bartrami amounted to 40.0% and 1.5%. The new compounds was found to be ethyl acylates, from a deduction of their detailed $^1H-nuclear$ magnetic resonance(NMR) and $^{13}C-NMR$ as well as infra red spectra (IR). The fatty acid composition of total lipids were mainly composed of C16:0(19.0%), C18:1(16.2%) and $C22:6{\omega}3$(15.7%), followed by C20:1(9.4%), C22:1(6.4%) and C18:0(5.4%). New compound A and B were seemed to derived from the cleavage of glycerol moieties of triglycerides by microbial activities during storage in a frozen state. Compound A contained C16:0(38.2%), C18:1(13:4%), C20:1(13.3%) and C22:1(11.7%) as major components, while compound B predominantly comprised polyunsaturated fatty acid such as $C20:5{\omega}3$ (41.2%) and $C22:6{\omega}3$(36.1%). In both compounds small amounts of odd numbered fatty acids were also detected ($3.8{\sim}2.2%$).

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.38 no.7
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• pp.485-495
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• 1994

Several new symmetric and asymmetric homo and hetero dinuclear complexes of the type $[Cl(dppp)(NO)_2M({\mu}-pyz)M'(NO)_2(dppp)Cl][ClO_4]_2$ and $[Cl(phen)(NO)_2M({\mu}-pyz)M'(NO)_2(dppp)Cl][ClO_4]_2$(M,M'= Mo or W; phen = 1,10-phenanthroline; dppp = 1,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)propane; pyz = 1,4-pyrazine) were synthesized in three-steps starting from $[M(NO)_2Cl_2]_n(M = Mo, W)$. The final products were purified by eluting it through silica gel column ($2{\times}20$ cm) with acetone as the eluent. Characterization of these complexes and some related complexes was accomplished through UV-vis., $^1H$-NMR, $^{13}C$-NMR and IR spectroscopies as well as elemental analysis. The infrared spectra indicate that the NO groups occupy cis-positions of the octahedral. The $^1H$ and $^{13}C-NMR$ data for the new compounds revealed a dimeric structures with bridged pyz.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.21 no.1 s.59
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• pp.21-34
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• 2006

To investigate anti-HIV-1 activity of water soluble chitosans, sulfated chitosan derivatives were prepared in mild condition. Various sulfated chitosan derivatives (N-3,6-O-S-chitosan, N-desulfated 3,6-O-S-chitosan, 3,6-O-S-chitin, and 3,6-O-sulfated-N-(o-carboxybenzoyl) chitosan) were synthesized with sulfurtrioxidepyridene complex in pyridine solvent. Characterization of the sulfated chitosan derivatives was carried out by $^{13}C$ NMR and IR spectroscopies. To observe ionic reaction properties, pKas of the sulfated chitosan derivatives and chitosan of low molecular weight were estimated by potentiometric titration. The sulfated chitosan derivatives had high water solubility, pKas (pKa : 7.7) of N-3,6-O-S-chitosan and N-desulfated 3,6-O-S-chitosan were increased than pKa of water insoluble chitosan (pKa : 6.2), These results suggest the participation of electrostatic interaction of amino and sulfate groups on the sulfated chitosans. Anti-HIV-1 drugs, such as AZT, ddC, and ddI for anti-HIV activity had higher selective index compared with SCB-chitosan but N-3,6-O-S-chitosan has shown higher selective index compared with ddC and ddI as HIV drugs.. These results suggest that sulfated chitosan derivatives were expected as an anti-HIV drug with differential driving force mechanism against some nucleoside analogs drug in the future.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.35 no.9
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• pp.2791-2796
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• 2014

The capture of $SO_2$ at or close to the temperatures of real flue gas is much more attractive in application. In this work, two kinds of ionic liquids (ILs) based on lactate anion were used to absorb $SO_2$ at high temperatures from 100 to $120^{\circ}C$. The ILs show high absorption capacities of over one mol $SO_2$ per mol IL at $110^{\circ}C$. The absorption of $SO_2$ by the ILs based on lactate anion is reversible and the ILs can be reused for the capture of $SO_2$ at high temperatures with high absorption capacity and thermal stability. Furthermore, the absorption mechanism of $SO_2$ by the ILs was studied by FT-IR, $^1H$ NMR and $^{13}C$ NMR spectra. It has been found that there are strong chemical interactions between the ILs and $SO_2$. Also the absorption mechanism is different when there is water present in ILs compared to when there is not.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.13-20
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• 1995

This study was carried out to investigate the characterization of lignins from waste liquors in SP, KP, ASAM, and AS from Pinus densiflora, Quercus mongolica, and Betula ermanii. Spectroscopic study was applied to examine the lignins separated from different pulping process. Lignin contents in waste liqours increased in order of AS, ASAM, KP, and SP. UV spectra of three types of lignin except AS lignin showed similar pattern. IR spectra of AS lignin showed strong C=O absorptions in the range from 1730 to 1750$cm^{-1}$, where as those of KP, SP, and ASAM showed weak stretch in this region. NMR spectra of AS lignin showed strong characteristic chemical shifts of acetoxyl groups of acetylated aliphatic and aromatic hydroxyl groups at 2.0~2.5 ppm. Molecular weight of ASAM lignin from Pinus densiflora determined and found number average molecular weight 1,199, weight average molecular weight 5,458. z average molecular weight 17,242, and viscosity average molecular weight 5,457. It is considered from the results based on spectroscopic study of lignin that waste liquors (in SP, KP, ASAM and AS) from Pinus densiflora, Quercus mongolica, and Betula ermanii can be used for lignin utilization.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.96-101
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• 1987

2-Ethoxy-6-methoxy-5-cyano-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran (1_a$), 2-n-butoxy-6-methoxy-5-cyano-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyr an (1b), 2-isobutoxy-6-methoxy-5-cyano-3,4-dihydro-2H-py ran ($1_c$), and 2-ethoxy-6-methoxy-3-methyl-5-cyano-3,4-dihydro -2H-pyran ($1_d$) were prepared by (4 + 2) cycloaddition reaction of methyl $\alpha$-cyanoacrylate with the corresponding alkyl vinyl ethers. Compounds $1_{a-d}$ were ring-open polymerized by cationic catalyst to obtain alternating head-to-head (H-H) copolymers. For comparison, head-to-tail (H-T) copolymer $3_a$ was also prepared by free radical copolymerization of the corresponding monomers. The H-H copolymer exhibited minor differences in its $1_H% NMR and IR spectra, but in the $^{13}C$ NMR spectra significant differences were observed between the H-H and H-T copolymers. Glass transition temperature ($T_g$) of H-H copolymer was higher than that of the H-T copolymer, but thermal decomposition temperature of the H-H copolymer was lower than that of the H-T copolymer. Compounds $1_a$, $a_b$, and $1_c$, copolymerized well with styrene by cationic catalyst, but compound 1d failed to copolymerize with styrene. All of the H-H and H-T copolymers were soluble in common solvents and the inherent viscosities were in the range 0.2-0.4 dl/g.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.16 no.7
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• pp.1111-1119
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• 2006

Beauvericins and enniatins are cyclohexadepsipeptides exhibiting various biological activities on animal systems, including humans. Fusarium oxysporum FB1501 (KFCC 11363P) that produces four different cyclohexadepsipeptides was isolated from soil in Korea and the structures of the four cyclohexadepsipeptides elucidated by HPLC, MS, IR, and NMR analyses. The molecular weights for compounds 1,2,3, and 4 were determined to be 654.5, 784.5, 668.6, and 682.5, respectively, on the basis of ESI-MS measurements. The IR spectra for all the compounds exhibited absorptions for ester $(1,733-1,743\;cm^{-1})$ and amide $(1,649-1,655\;cm^{-1})$ bonds that were very similar to those for beauvericin and enniatins with ester and amide absorptions. The results of the NMR analysis $(^{1}H,\;^{13}C,\;135-DEPT,\;COSY,\;HMQC,\;and\;HMBC;\;in\;COCl_{3})$ revealed that compounds 1,3, and 4 consisted of $_{L}-N-methyl\;valine$ (N-MeVal), $_{D}-{\alpha}-hydroxyisovaleic\;acid$ (Hiv), and 2-hydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid (Hmp) residues (compound 1: three N-MeVal residues, two Hiv residues, and one Hmp residue; compound 3: three N-MeVal residues, one Hiv, and two Hmp residues; compound 4: three N-MeVal residues and three Hmp residues). Therefore, the compounds were identified as enniatin H (compound 1), enniatin I (compound 3), and enniatin MK1688 (compound 4). Compound 2 was analyzed as beauvericin according to 1D and 2D NMR analyses. This study is the first report related to the co-production of beauvericin with other unusual enniatins, such as enniatin H, enniatin I, and enniatin MK1688, by Fusarium oxysporum.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.118-121
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• 2005

Methanol extracts were prepared from loquat leaves (2 kg) and successively fractionated with hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, butanol, and water solvents. The ethyl acetate fraction exhibited the highest antioxidative and, antimicrobial activities. Therefore, the ethyl acetate fraction was purified and a chemical structure was identified by $^1H$ and $^{13}C-NMR$ spectra, FT-IR and EI/MS spectroscopies. The isolated antioxidative and antimicrobial substance was identified as epicatechin.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.265-269
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• 1996

An isolate of Streptomyces rochei synonym was found to produce antibiotics with narrow anti-microbial spectrum against Streptococcus and Xanthomonas sp. Among the antibiotic complex produced by the strain, the main active compound was isolated, and its physico-chemical properties and biological activities were investigated. Molecular weight of the compound was determined to be ${[M+H]}^+$ 797 (FAB-MS). UV, $^1H \;and\;^{13}C$ NMR, and IR spectra suggested that the compound is a kirromycin-like aurodox group antibiotic. However, the anti-microbial spectrum of the main compound was slightly different from that of kirromycin. In addition, it was newly found that kirromycin showed a selective anti-microbial activity against Streptococcus pyogenes and phytopathogenic Xanthomonas sp.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.397-400
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• 2003

In this study, humic and fulvic acids in soils at the vicinity of domestic atomic power plants(NPPs), located in Yungkwang(YK), Uljin(UJ), Kori(KR), Koseong(KS), Wolseong(WS) area, and in volcanic ash soils of the Cheju island(Mt. Hanla(HL), Manjanggul(MJ)) were isolated, and characterized using chemical(elemental analysis, proton exchange capacity, molecular size distribution) and spectroscopic(UV/Vis., IR, FL, $^{13}$ C NMR spectra) methods. The results were compared with one another and compiled for their DB establishments. The humic substances distribution (humic acid, fulvic acid, Humin) in the soils were also determined by IHSS standard method. Main purpose of this study was to provide a basic data needed to evaluate the effect of humic substances on the migrational behaviour of radioactive elements in contaminated surface soil.