• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제16권7호
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• pp.2286-2304
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• 2022

Blockchain is a distributed ledger that combines technologies such as cryptography, consensus mechanism, peer-to-peer transmission, and time stamping. The rapid development of blockchain has attracted attention from all walks of life, but storage scalability issues have hindered the application of blockchain. In this paper, a scalable blockchain storage model based on Distributed Hash Table (DHT) and the InterPlanetary File System (IPFS) was proposed. This paper introduces the current research status of the scalable blockchain storage model, as well as the basic principles of DHT and the InterPlanetary File System. The model construction and workflow are explained in detail. At the same time, the DHT network construction mechanism, block heat identification mechanism, new node initialization mechanism, and block data read and write mechanism in the model are described in detail. Experimental results show that this model can reduce the storage burden of nodes, and at the same time, the blockchain network can accommodate more local blocks under the same block height.

• 융합보안논문지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.17-22
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• 2023

전통적인 인증 시스템은 중앙 집중식 신원 관리 시스템에서 일반적으로 사용자 이름과 비밀번호를 입력하는 방식으로 인증한다. 이러한 인증 방식의 불편함을 개선하기 위해, 분산신원기술을 사용하여 탈중앙화신원증명(DID : Decentralized Identifier)에 기반 한 분산신원인증 시스템을 제안한다. 제안한 시스템은 QR 코드 스캔 방식으로 로그인하는 방식으로 분산 신원인증 시스템이다. 블록체인 기술을 사용함으로써 사용자 신원의 고유성과 안전성을 보장할 수 있어 로그인 과정에서 보안성이 향상된다. 제안한 시스템은 DID를 사용하고 InterPlanetary File System(IPFS)를 통합하여 조직 구성원의 신원 정보를 안전하게 비공개로 관리한다. 본 연구에서 제안하는 분산 신원 인증 시스템을 사용하면, 조직 구성원의 보안 및 개인 신원 관리를 효과적으로 수행할 수 있다. 본 연구에서 제안하는 시스템을 활용하기 위해 솔루션으로 확장하기 위한 연구가 필요하다.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국컴퓨터정보학회 2021년도 제63차 동계학술대회논문집 29권1호
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• pp.313-316
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• 2021

사물 인터넷 시스템에서 서버와 클라이언트의 신뢰성 확보는 매우 중요하다. 대부분의 IoT 시스템에서 신뢰성 확보를 위해 인증서 기법이 사용되고 있다. 인증서 기법을 사용하는 IoT 시스템은 데이터(인증서,공개키) 탈취 및 분실 취약점이 있다. 이러한 취약점을 강화하기 위해 서버와 클라이언트는 서로 주고받는 데이터의 무결성과 신뢰성을 보장할 수 있는 환경이 구축되어야 한다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 취약점을 보완하기 위하여 IPFS와 블록체인을 결합한 인증 강화 기법을 제시한다. 제시한 기법의 기본 개념은 IPFS를 이용하여 CA와 서버의 인증서와 공개키를 분산 저장하고, IPFS에 저장한 인증서와 공개키의 Content-Address를 블록체인에 보관한다. 마지막으로 제시한 기법의 타당성을 검토하기 위하여 Mobius, nCube, Ethereum, IPFS를 결합한 IoT 시스템을 구축하고 SSL을 사용한 인증 과정을 실험한다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제16권11호
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• pp.3694-3722
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• 2022

In today's globalized world, there is no transparency in exchanging data and information between producers and consumers. However, these tasks experience many challenges, such as administrative barriers, confidential data leakage, and extensive time delays. To overcome these challenges, we propose a decentralized, secured, and verified smart chain framework using Ethereum Smart Contract which employs Inter Planetary File Systems (IPFS) and MongoDB as storage systems to automate the process and exchange information into blocks using the Tendermint algorithm. The proposed work promotes complete traceability of the product, ensures data integrity and transparency in addition to providing security to their personal information using the Lelantos mode of shipping. The Tendermint algorithm helps to speed up the process of validating and authenticating the transaction quickly. More so in this time of pandemic, it is easier to meet the needs of customers through the Ethermint Smart Chain, which increases customer satisfaction, thus boosting their confidence. Moreover, Smart contracts help to exploit more international transaction services and provide an instant block time finality of around 5 sec using Ethermint. The paper concludes with a description of product storage and distribution adopting the Ethermint technique. The proposed system was executed based on the Ethereum-Tendermint Smart chain. Experiments were conducted on variable block sizes and the number of transactions. The experimental results indicate that the proposed system seems to perform better than existing blockchain-based systems. Two configuration files were used, the first one was to describe the storage part, including its topology. The second one was a modified file to include the test rounds that Caliper should execute, including the running time and the workload content. Our findings indicate this is a promising technology for food supply chain storage and distribution.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신학회 2022년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.354-356
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• 2022

프로필은 본인을 나타내는 가장 기본적인 수단이며, 그 자신을 대표한다. 프로필을 가장 많이 활용하는 SNS, 채팅 앱에서는 프로필을 이용하여 자신의 경험, 기분, 생각 등을 표현한다. 그러나 보이스피싱, 사칭 범죄 등에서 프로필과 같은 사진을 도용하여 사칭한 뒤 피해자를 속여 범죄를 일으킨다. 본 논문에서는 사칭 범죄를 방지하기 위해 원본 구별이 가능한 NFT를 이용하여 원본의 진위를 판단한다. 프로필 사진의 원본을 NFT로 민팅하여 블록체인 네트워크에 등록하고 원본 파일은 off-chain인 IPFS에 저장한다. 이를 활용하면 프로필 사진의 진위를 쉽게 판별할 수 있기 때문에 사칭 범죄 예방에 효과적일 것으로 기대된다.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.119-129
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• 2024

We look at Web 3.0 business model canvas (BMC) of metaverse gaming platform, The Sandbox (TS). As results, the decentralized, blockchain-based platform, TS benefits its creators and players by providing true ownership, tradability of decentralized assets, and interoperability. First, in terms of the governance and ownership, The SAND functions a governance token allowing holders to participate in decision and SAND owners can vote themselves or delegate voting rights to other players of their choice. Second, in terms of decentralized assets and activities, TS offers three products as assets like Vox Edit as a 3D tool for voxel ASSETS, Marketplace as NFT market, and Game Maker as a visual scripting toolbox. The ASSETS made in Vox Edit, sold on the Marketplace, can be also utilized with Game Maker. Third, in terms of the network technology, in-game items are no longer be confined to a narrow ecosystem. The ASSETS on the InterPlanetary File System (IPFS) are not changed without the owner's permission. LAND and SAND are supported on Polygon, so that users interact with their tokens in a single place. Last, in terms of the token economics, users can acquire in-game assets, upload these assets to the marketplace, use for paying transaction fees, and use these as governance token for supporting the foundation.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.149-160
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• 2024

For examining Web3.0 video streaming (VS) platforms in terms of the decentralized technology, tokenization and decentralized autonomous organization (DAO), we look at four platforms like DLive, DTube, Livepeer, and Theta Network (Theta). As a result, DLive which firstly partnered with Medianova for CDN and with Theta for peer to peer (P2P) network and migrates to Tron blockchain (BC), receives no commission from what creators earn, gives rewards to viewers by measuring engagement, and incentivizes participation by allowing 20% of donation & fees for funding development, 5% to BitTorrent Token (BTT) stakeholders (among these 5%, 20% to partners, 80% to other BTT stakeholders). DTube on its own lower-layer BC, Avalon, offers InterPlanetary File System (IPFS), gives 90% of the created value to creators or curators, and try to empower the community. Livepeer on Ethereum BC offers decentralized CDN, P2P, gives Livepeer Token (LPT) as incentive for network participants, and delegators can stake their LPT to orchestrators doing good. Theta on its native BC pulls streams from peering caching nodes, creates P2P network, gives Theta utility token, TFUEL for caching or relay nodes contributors, and allows Theta governance token, THETA as staking token. We contribute to the categorization of Web3.0 VS platforms: DLive and DTube reduce the risk of platform censorship, promote the diverse content, and allow the community to lead to more user-friendly environments. On the other hand, Livepeer and Theta provide new methods to stream content, but they have some differences. Whereas Livepeer focuses on the transcoding layer, Theta concentrates both on the video application layer and content delivery layer. It means, Theta tries to deliver value to all participants by enhancing network quality, reducing CDN cost, and rewarding users in utility tokens for the storage and bandwidth they provide.