• Animal cells and systems
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.27-40
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• 2006

Tree of heaven (Ailanthus altissima Swingle) as an invasive alien plant, appeared usually in the disturbed locations such as road-side, incised slope, and trampling path-side. They appeared abundantly in the trampling pathside but they did not appear or were rare in the interior of forest. Density and importance value of tree of heaven were proportionate to the relative light intensity measured according to distance from the trampling path toward forest interior and closely related to the breadth of trampling path as well. They were associated with annual, other exotic species or ruderal plants well. Distributional pattern of mature trees of them in the study area and its surrounding environments implied that they were introduced intentionally. Size class distribution of them showed that they are in expansion and artificial interferences such as, installing physical training space and developing hiking course functioned as trigger factors in their invasion and expansion. The results support the facts known generally in relation to invasion and expansion of the invasive alien plants. In this viewpoint, we suggest a management plan that applies ecological restoration principles to address ecosystems infected with tree of heaven by restoring the integral feature of the degraded nature and conserving the remained nature more thoroughly.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.388-395
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• 2020

외래생물은 경제 목적으로 수입되었으나, 최근에는 애완용으로 수입되는 사례가 증가하고 있다. 애완동물로 선호도가 높아진 리버쿠터와 중국줄무늬목거북은 2014년부터 사육개체수가 서서히 증가하다가 2017년에 180개체, 2019년에는 281개체를 기록하여 최대로 증가하였다. 그러나 수명이 긴 거북의 특성과 사육여건의 변화로 자연으로 버려진 개체가 발견되었다. 방출된 개체의 생태계위해성 평가를 통해 생물다양성법에 의해 생태계교란 생물로 지정되었다. 따라서 해당 거북 사육자가 계속 사육을 원할 경우 '생태계교란 생물 사육유예 허가 신청서'를 제출하여야 한다. 본 연구는 2020년 3월부터 9월까지 6개월간 접수된 신청서의 정보 (사육 시설의 적합성, 거북 개체수, 사육기간, 획득 방법, 사육자 지역 분포 현황 등)를 분석하고, 사육상태를 검토 결과를 제시하였다. 신청서는 총 614건이 접수되었으며, 사육자의 58%만이 적합한 사육상태를 조성한 것으로 평가되었기 때문에 사육자를 대상으로 동물복지 실현을 위해 적절한 사육 정보 제공과 생태계교란 예방을 위한 유기방지 교육이 필요한 것으로 사료된다. 또한, 신청서 내의 누락된 항목이 다수 발견된 점과 단발적인 신청에 따른 허가 방식으로 인한 문제 발생에 대비하여 대응방안을 만들고 지속적인 모니터링이 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

• Proceedings of the National Institute of Ecology of the Republic of Korea
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.94-98
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• 2024

Field surveys for reports on suspected invasive termite species were received at the National Institute of Ecology's Invasive Species Reporting Center. We collected 10 termites and performed DNA sequence analysis for species identification. Specimens were confirmed as Coptotermes formosanus. This is the reconfirmation of C. formosanus in South Korea, highlighting the importance of early detection and rapid response and reaffirming the possibility of C. formosanus invading South Korea.

• Journal of Species Research
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.136-159
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• 2019

This study was carried out to investigate the flora of six islands belonging to the Gogunsan Archipelago (i.e., Sinsi-do, Seonyu-do, Munyeo-do, Yami-do, Bian-do, and Duri-do) in the Korean Peninsula. As results of five field surveys from March to October of 2016, we have identified 575 total taxa, representing 527 species, five subspecies, 42 varieties, and one hybrid, placed in 358 genera and 118 families. Of these 575 taxa, four are endemic to Korea, six taxa are listed on the Korean Red List of threatened species, 67 are floristic regional indicator plants, and 74 are invasive alien species. In this study, we compared species richness among the islands, and find that the larger the islands, the higher the species richness. In the case of habitat affinity types, forest species were most common, followed by farmland, seacoast, bare ground and wetland species. From similarity analyses based on the composition of vascular plants, each island did not exhibit either local specificity or unique diversity. On the contrary, the proportion of invasive alien and ruderal species may increase by human activities. Investigations and analyses of island flora such as this are important to assess the current status of the flora, predict future vegetation patterns and the spread of the alien species, and establish managment plans of plant diversity.

• 생태와환경
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• 제54권2호
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• pp.142-150
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• 2021

To analyze the distribution characteristics of alien plants in various habitat types, 249 sites were selected from four administrative districts in the Gyeongsang region of Korea. The survey was conducted across nine different habitat types. A total of 115 species of alien plants were collected; comprising 23 families, 73 genera, 112 species, and 3 varieties. Species from the family Compositae were the most common at 33.0%. Raunkiaer's life forms had the highest occurrence rate with 70 species(60.9%) of therophytes(Th) followed by 30 species (26.1%) of hemicryptophytes (H) and 8 species (7.0%) of geophytes (G). The distributions of alien plant species per habitat type were: 81 species on the roadside; 80 species on vacant lots and artificial habitats; 67 species in streams; 53 species in grasslands; 47 species in cultivated lands; and 39 species on the coast. Since 2017, the number of alien plants has increased in Gyeongju-si, Cheongdo-gun, and Pohang-si, and decreased in Ulsan Metropolitan-si. In each region, 614 taxa were observed. The invasive alien species, Sicyos angulatus, Hypocaeris radicata, and Solanum carolinense, were observed for the first time and are expected to further increase the disturbance of the ecosystem.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.120-127
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• 2018

Background: Cakile edentula (Bigelow) Hook. is a successful invader that has been propagating globally. In Korea, Cakile edentula was found in 2008 for the first time, in the east coast of Korean peninsula. Based on site surveys conducted thereafter, Cakile edentula has propagated in the east coast from Goseong to Jeongdongjin, Gangneung and in the west coast of city of Hwaseong of Gyeonggi-do Province, and Taeangun County of Chungcheongnam-do Province. Results: Cakile edentula has infiltrated into four different vegetation communities (syntaxa) (Calystegio soldanellaeSalsoletum komarovii Ohba, Miyawakiet Tx.1967; Elymo-caricetum Kobomugi Miyawaki 1967; Carex pumila; and Calystegia soldanella) belonging to phytosociological classes of saltwort (barilla) and coastal glehnia. Cakile edentula competes with dominant species such as the saltwort (barilla) and beach morning glory, causing qualitative changes in species composition. It also affects local ecosystems through its competition with indigenous species, causing destruction of the traditional landscape. Conclusions: However, competition of Cakile edentula with indigenous species and the resulting replacement of such species are limitedly reported. Potential competitors with Cakile edentula have not been found yet. In Northeast Asia, qualitative changes realized in local ecosystems due to invasion of Cakile edentula are significantly noticeable. These necessitate proper controls for this invasive alien species to protect and preserve coastal dune areas.

• 환경생물
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.165-178
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• 2020

본 연구에서는 국내에 도입된 외래 포유류를 조사하여 생태계위해성평가와 외래생물 관리 데이터베이스 구축에 필요한 기초자료를 제시하고자 했다. 이를 위해 관상 목적으로 도입된 외래 포유류, 개인 간 거래되는 외래 포유류 등 사육 환경에서의 외래 포유류와 자연에 유입된 외래 포유류를 조사하여 한국에 도입된 외래 포유류 목록을 구축하였다. 한국에 도입된 외래 포유류는 총 163분류군으로 확인되었다. 관상 목적으로 도입된 외래 포유류는 11목 44과 139분류군, 개인 간 거래되는 외래 포유류는 5목 19과 28분류군, 자연생태계에 유입된 외래 포유류는 총 4목 7과 8분류군으로 나타났다. 국내 도입된 외래 포유류의 효과적인 관리를 위해서는 도입된 모든 종의 목록을 토대로 종별 개체수, 도입지역 등 기초적인 정보의 확보가 중요하다. 아울러, 자연생태계 유출 시 나타날 수 있는 생태계위해성에 대한 객관적 평가를 통해 잠재적인 위해 정도를 구분하고 이에 근거한 관리정책의 체계적 연계가 필요하다. 마지막으로, 국내 자연생태계에 유입된 Capra hircus, Cervus nippon taiouanus, Felis catus, Myocastor coypus, Ondatra zibethicus, Oryctolagus cuniculus, Ovis aries, Rattus norvegicus 등 8분류군에 대해서는 확산 변화 양상에 관한 지속적인 모니터링과 서식 변화 수준에 따른 즉각적 대응체계 구축 등 국가 차원에서의 확산 제어 방안 마련이 시급히 요구된다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.67-90
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• 2024

The purpose of this study is to present the ecological data for conservation and management of three wetlands by surveying the vascular plants in Ganam reservoir, Ahnshim wetland and Jeomsae swamp. The whole taxa of vascular plants were 376 taxa including 90 families, 252 genera, 341 species, 7 subspecies, 24 varieties, 2 forms, 1 hybrid and 1 cultivar, and the planted species were 66 taxa including Ginkgo biloba and so on. The rare plants were 7 taxa including Euryale ferox(VU), Aristolochia contorta(LC), Koelreuteria paniculata(VU), Sagittaria trifolia(DD), Hydrocharis dubia(LC), Ottelia alismoides(LC) and Sparganium stoloniferum(VU). The Korean endemic plant was 1 taxon of Lespedeza maritima. In total, there were 21 taxa of floristic target species including 1 taxon of garde V, 2 taxa of grade IV, 6 taxa of grade III, 5 taxa of grade II and 7 taxa of grade I . The hydrophytes were 51 taxa including 36 taxa of emergent species, each 6 taxa of floating-leaved and submerged species and 3 taxa of free-floating species. The invasive alien plants were 79 taxa including 75 taxa of naturalized plants and 4 taxa of casual alien plant. The ecosystem disturbing species 6 taxa including Sicyos angulatus, Ambrosia artemisiifolia, Lactuca seriola, Symphyotrichum pilosum, Paspalum distichum and Humulus scandens.

• 통합자연과학논문집
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.111-122
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• 2023

Invasive species are organisms that are introduced into places outside of their natural distribution range. The global pet trade is facilitating the introduction of invasive species into new countries and areas. Among the introduced alien species, turtles are one of the most common animal groups whether lives in wetland ecosystems, such as wetlands or reservoirs. Like other countries around the world, exotic turtles is becoming a growing concern for the wetland ecosystem in South Korea. In this study, we report new reports of subspecies of Painted turtle (Chrysemys spp.): Chrysemys picta marginata, C. p. bellii and C. dorsalis, from the reservoirs in downtown Cheongju and Gwangju, South Korea. We used morphological features, such as the characteristics of the legs, plastron, and carapace, to identify the turtles. It is assumed that all turtles were artificially released into nature. Considering the increasing number of reports on the introduction of alien invasive turtles in Korean wetlands, we recommend the formulation of an immediate and systematic management plan for pet trades and organized continuous monitoring programs.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.201-206
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• 2019

의도적 도입 또는 비의도적 도입에 의해 국내에 확산되고 있는 침입외래식물은 경제적, 환경적인 해를 가할 수 있으며 자생종의 감소나 절멸을 초래하는 등 생물다양성에 부정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 알려져 있다. 특히 습지나 저수지 및 하안 생육지는 스트레스와 교란에 의해 외래식물 유입과 확산이 용이하므로 국립수목원에서는 이를 관리하기 위한 연구를 지속적으로 수행하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 수원시 하천변에서 발견된 바늘꽃과에 속하는 L. peploides subsp. montevidensis (Spreng.) P.H. Raven가 생태계교란종으로 확산될 우려가 있어 본 종에 대한 기재, 도해, 칼라도판 등을 첨부하여 침입외래식물 관리를 위한 기초자료를 확보하고자 한다.