• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.77-78
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• 2005

A high Tc superconducting with a nominal composition of $Bi_{2}Sr_{2}Ca_{2}Cu_{3}O_{Y}$ was prepared by the citarte method. The solid precursor produced by the dehydration of the gel at $120^{\circ}C$ for 12h is not in the amorphous state as expected but in a crystalline state. X-ray diffraction peaks of nearly the same angular position as the peaks of high Tc phase were observed in the precursor. After pyrolysis at $400^{\circ}C$ and calcination at $840^{\circ}C$ for 4h, the (001)peak of the high Tc phase was cleary observed. Experimental results suggest that the intermediate phase formed before the formation of the superconducting phase may be the most important factro in determining whether it is easy to form the high Tc phase or not, because the nucleation barriers of the two superconducting phase may be altered by the variation of the crystal structures of those intermediate phase.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.79-80
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• 2005

The solid precursor produced by the dehydration of the gel at $120^{\circ}C$ for 12h is not in the amorphous state as expected but in a crystalline state. X-ray diffraction peaks of nearly the same angular position as the peaks of high Tc phase were observed in the precursor. Experimental results suggest that the intermediate phase formed before the formation of the superconducting phase may be the most important fact in determining whether it is easy to form the superconducting phase or not, because the nucleation barriers of the two superconducting phase may be altered by the variation of the crystal structures of those intermediate phase.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers D
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• v.49 no.8
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• pp.467-472
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• 2000

A three-level decoupled sliding mode controller is developed to achieve asymptotic stability for a class of sixth-order nonlinear systems. The sixth-order system is decoupled into three subsystems according to the structure of the whole system. Each subsystem has a separate control target in the form of a sliding surface. The information of the third sliding surface is transferred to the second one through an intermediate variable and the information of the second sliding surface is transferred to the first one through another intermediate variable. Consequently, the controller designed on the basis of the first sliding surface can make three subsystems move toward their sliding surfaces, respectively. The three-level decoupled sliding mode controller is applied to the double-inverted pendulum problem where the zero stable states are required.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2006.07c
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• pp.1335-1336
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• 2006

A high Tc superconducting with a nominal composition of YBCO wasprpared by the citarte method. The solid precursor produced by the dehydration of the gel at $120^{\circ}C$ for 12h is not in the amorphous state as expected but in a crystalline state. X-ray diffraction peaks of nearly the same angular position as the peaks of high Tc phase were observed in the precursor. After pyrolysis at $400^{\circ}C$ and calcination at $840^{\circ}C$ for 4h, the (001)peak of the high Tc phase was cleary observed. Experimental results suggest that the intermediate phase formed before the formation of the superconducting phase may be the most important factro in determining whether it is easy to form the high Tc phase or not, because the nucleation barriers of the two superconducting phase may be altered by the variation of the crystal structures of those intermediate phase.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2005.07c
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• pp.1962-1963
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• 2005

A high Tc superconducting with a nominal composition of $Bi_2Sr_2Ca_2Cu_3O_Y$ was Prepared by the citarte method. The solid Precursor produced by the dehydration of the gel at $120^{\circ}C$ for 12h is not in the amorphous state as expected but in a crystalline state. X-ray diffraction peaks of nearly the same angular position as the peaks of high Tc phase were observed in the precursor. After pyrolysis at $400^{\circ}C$ and calcination at $840^{\circ}C$ for 4h, the (001)peak of the high Tc phase was cleary observed. Experimental results suggest that the intermediate phase formed before the formation of the superconducting phase may be the most important factro in determining whether it is easy to form the high Tc phase or not, because the nucleation barriers of the two superconducting phase may be altered by the variation of the crystal structures of those intermediate phase.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2005.07c
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• pp.1964-1965
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• 2005

A high Tc superconducting with a nominal composition of $Bi_2Sr_2Ca_2Cu_3O_Y$ was prepared by the citarte method. The solid precursor produced by the dehydration of the gel at $120^{\circ}C$ for 12h is not in the amorphous state as expected but in a crystalline state. X-ray diffraction peaks of nearly the same angular position as the peaks of high Tc phase were observed in the precursor. After pyrolysis at $400^{\circ}C$ and calcination at $840^{\circ}C$ for 4h, the (001)peak of the high Tc phase was cleary observed. Experimental results suggest that the intermediate phase formed before the formation of the superconducting phase may be the most important factro in determining whether it is easy to form the high Tc phase or not, because the nucleation barriers of the two superconducting phase may be altered by the variation of the crystal structures of those intermediate phase.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2005.07c
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• pp.1966-1967
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• 2005

The solid precursor produced by the dehydration of the gel at $120^{\circ}C$ for 12h is not in the amorphous state as expected but in a crystalline state. X-ray diffraction peaks of nearly the same angular position as the peaks of high Tc phase were observed in the precursor. Experimental results suggest that the intermediate phase formed before the formation of the superconducting phase may be the most important fact in determining whether it is easy to form the superconducting phase or not, because the nucleation barriers of the two superconducting phase may be altered by the variation of the crystal structures of those intermediate phase.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2005.07a
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• pp.290-291
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• 2005

A high Tc superconducting with a nominal composition of $Bi_2Sr_2Ca_2Cu_3O_Y$ was prepared by the citarte method. The solid precursor produced by the dehydration of the gel at $120^{\circ}C$ for 12h is not in the amorphous state as expected but in a crystalline state. X-ray diffraction peaks of nearly the same angular position as the peaks of high Tc phase were observed in the precursor. After pyrolysis at $400^{\circ}C$ and calcination at $840^{\circ}C$ for 4h. the (001)peak of the high Tc phase was cleary observed. Experimental results suggest that the intermediate phase formed before the formation of the superconducting phase may be the most important factor in determining whether it is easy to form the high Tc phase or not. because the nucleation barriers of the two superconducting phase may be altered by the variation of the crystal structures of those intermediate phase.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2006.06a
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• pp.85-86
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• 2006

A high Tc superconducting with a nominal composition of $Bi_2Sr_2Ca_2Cu_3O_y$ was prepared by the citarte method. The solid precursor produced by the dehydration of the gel at $120^{\circ}C$ for 12h is not in the amorphous state as expected but in a crystalline state. X-ray diffraction peaks of nearly the same angular position as the peaks of high Tc phase were observed in the precursor. After pyrolysis at $400^{\circ}C$ and calcination at $840^{\circ}C$ for 4h, the (001)peak of the high Tc phase was cleary observed. Experimental results suggest that the intermediate phase formed before the formation of the superconducting phase may be the most important factro in determining whether it is easy to form the high Tc phase or not, because the nucleation barriers of the two superconducting phase may be altered by the variation of the crystal structures of those intermediate phase.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.678-681
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• 1991

The Wittig-oxy-Cope rearrangements of deprotonated diallyl ether, I, $CH_2={\bar{C}}H-CH-O-CH_2-CH=CH_2$, have been investigated theoretically by the AM1 method. A two step mechanism forming a Wittig product ion, II, $(CH_2=CH)$ $(CH_2=CH-CH_2)$ $CHO^-$, through a radical-pair intermediate was found to provide the most favored reaction pathway in the Wittig rearrangement. The subsequent oxy-Cope rearrangement from species II also involves a two step mechanism through a biradicaloid intermediate. The intramolecular proton transfer in I (to form $CH_2=CH-CH_2-O-{\bar{C}}H-CH=CH_2$) is a higher activation energy barrier process compared to the Wittig and oxy-Cope rearrangements and is considered to be insignificant. These results are in good agreement with the condensed-phase as well as gas-phase experimental results.