• Animal cells and systems
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.101-106
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• 2001

AFLPS (amplified fragment length polymorphisms) were used to estimate the genetic diversity of seven populations of Brassica campestis L. ssp. napus var. nippo-oleifera Makino between naturalized and cultivated populations. The seven Korean populations maintained a high level of genetic diversity. For example, all eight primers were high polymorphic, with an average of 3.2 effective alleles per primer set, and the expected heterozygosity was also high. The majority of genetic variance resided within populations The combinations of an insect-pollinated, outcrossing breeding system, large populations sizes, a high degree of gene flow and a propensity for high fecundity may explain the high level of genetic diversity within cultivated populations. Estimates of genetic similarity on the proportion of shared fragments ranged from 0.952 to 0.999. The high level of gene flow In Korean naturalized populations is mainly caused by seed dispersal via sea tide and the gene flow of cultivated populations may be enhanced in part by artificial pollen dispersal.

• 생태와환경
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• 제54권2호
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• pp.102-107
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• 2021

The distribution pattern of species richness was determined by temperature. To examine the relationship between hemipteran richness and temperature, hemipteran species were collected using pitfall traps at six different oak forest sites with different annual mean temperatures in South Korea. Multiple linear regression analyses were conducted with mean annual temperature (MAT) and plant richness to evaluate differences in hemipteran richness. The influences of MAT and plant richness of study sites on hemipteran richness were examined by comparing three models (plant richness+MAT+MAT², plant richness+MAT, and MAT) or two models (plant richness+MAT and MAT). Hemipteran richness showed an inverse diversity pattern as a function of temperature, with higher species richness at lower temperature sites. Meanwhile, Aphididae showed a bell-shaped diversity pattern with the highest value at low medium temperatures. The regression analysis showed that hemipteran richness was affected by temperature and plant richness in their habitats.

• Journal of Species Research
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.280-290
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• 2017

A survey of insect fauna on Dokdo Island was conducted by Yeungnam University from 2009 to 2016. The survey locations were the two islands of Dokdo Island (i.e., East and West Islands), located in the East Sea of South Korea. As a result of the survey, we identified five orders, 20 families and 27 species including 10 species newly recorded on Dokdo Island, of which Eupelmus australiensis (Girault) is recorded for the first time in South Korea. In combination with the results of previous surveys made from 1981 to 2016, the insect fauna of Dokdo Island is now known to consist of 10 orders, 77 families and 164 species (and 29 additional undetermined species). In this paper, we list the insect fauna on Dokdo Island and present photographs of 10 species with brief taxonomic notes of a eupelmid species.

• Mycobiology
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.85-91
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• 2018

Endophytic fungi strains (n = 81) were isolated from the leaves, barks, and fruits of Camellia oleifera from Hunan province (China) to delineate their species composition and potential as biological control agents of C. oleifera anthracnose. The fungi were identified by morphological and phylogenetic analyses. Fungal colonization rates of the leaves, barks, and fruits were 58.02, 27.16, and 14.81%, respectively. The isolates were identified as 14 genera, belonging to two subdivisions, Deuteromycotina and Ascomycotina; 87.65% of all isolates belonged to Deuteromycotina. The dominant species, occurring with a high relative frequency, were Pestalotiopsis sp. (14.81%), Penicillium sp. (14.81%), and Fusarium sp. (12.35%). The Simpson's and Shannon's diversity indices revealed the highest species diversity in the leaves, followed by the barks and fruits. The similarity index for the leaves versus barks comparison was the highest, indicating that the number of endophytic fungal species shared by the leaves and barks was higher than barks and fruits or leaves and fruits. Based on the results of dual culture experiments, only five strains exhibited antifungal activity against C. oleifera anthracnose pathogen, with isolate ty-64 (Oidium sp.) generating the broadest inhibition zones. Our results indicate that the endophytes associated with C. oleifera could be employed as natural agents controlling C. oleifera anthracnose.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.386-393
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• 2016

농업생태계는 본래 가졌던 식량생산 이외에도 수질정화, 생물서식처, 대기정화, 토양보전, 경관창출 등 다양한 서비스를 제공하는 공간으로 평가 받는다. 농업경관에서 시설원예단지 조성은 불투수면적 확장과 생물서식처 손실로 인해 생태계서비스 기능저하의 원인이 될 수 있다고 평가된다. 따라서 본 연구는 시설원예단지가 조성 된 상태와 논생태계의 곤충다양성을 비교하고자 하였다. 연구대상지는 시설원예단지 분포현황을 고려해 단동형온실, 연동형온실, 유리온실로 구분하고, 논 4개소와 비교하였다. 조사 지역은 구미, 부여, 진주, 김제 등으로 선정하였다. 본 조사에서 채집된 종은 9목 38과 76속 80종으로 총 2333개체가 채집되었다. 목 조성은 노린재목 22.37%, 딱정벌레목 18.42%, 벌목 14.47%, 메뚜기목 11.84%, 파리목 10.53%, 나비목 10.53% 등으로 구분된다. 채집 종의 평균은 논(39.4종)> 단동형온실(35.5종)> 연동형온실(22.5종)> 유리온실(24.0종)의 순이다. 다양성지수(H')는 논(4.76)> 단동형온실(4.57)>연동형온실(4.12), 유리온실(4.12) 순이다. 종 풍부도지수(RI)는 논(7.72)과 단동형온실(7.03)> 연동형온실(4.99)과 유리온실(5.32) 순이다. 연구결과 시설원예단지 조성 시 곤충의 생물다양성 기능이 떨어지는 것을 알 수 있다. 유리온실과 연동형비닐하우스 보다 단동형 비닐하우스가 곤충다양성에는 유리하다. 시설원예단지 조성 시에는 곤충의 서식처를 창출 할 필요가 있다.

• Mycobiology
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.160-171
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• 2017

Larvae of Bradysia agrestis, an insect vector that transports plant pathogens, were sampled from geographically isolated regions in Korea to identify their cutaneous fungal and bacterial flora. Sampled areas were chosen within the distribution range of B. agrestis; each site was more than 91 km apart to ensure geographical segregation. We isolated 76 microbial (fungi and bacteria) strains (site 1, 29; site 2, 29; site 3, 18 strains) that were identified on the basis of morphological differences. Species identification was molecularly confirmed by determination of universal fungal internal transcribed spacer and bacterial 16S rRNA gene sequences in comparison to sequences in the EzTaxon database and the NCBI GenBank database, and their phylogenetic relationships were determined. The fungal isolates belonged to 2 phyla, 5 classes, and 7 genera; bacterial species belonged to 23 genera and 32 species. Microbial diversity differed significantly among the geographical groups with respect to Margalef's richness (3.9, 3.6, and 4.5), Menhinick's index (2.65, 2.46, and 3.30), Simpson's index (0.06, 0.12, and 0.01), and Shannon's index (2.50, 2.17, and 2.58). Although the microbial genera distribution or diversity values clearly varied among geographical groups, common genera were identified in all groups, including the fungal genus Cladosporium, and the bacterial genera Bacillus and Rhodococcus. According to classic principles of co-evolutionary relationship, these genera might have a closer association with their host insect vector B. agrestis than other genera identified. Some cutaneous bacterial genera (e.g., Pseudomonas) displaying weak interdependency with insect vectors may be hazardous to agricultural environments via mechanical transmission via B. agrestis. This study provides comprehensive information regarding the cutaneous microflora of B. agrestis, which can help in the control of such pests for crop management.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.165-168
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• 2000

뿔나방科의 Parastenolechia屬에 속하는 1종이 新種으로 확인되어 흰날개뿔나방 (P. albicapitella sp. nov.)으로 명명, 기재한다.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제110권1호
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• pp.116-127
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• 2021

본 연구는 나라꽃인 무궁화의 주요 품종별 해충상을 조사하고, 무궁화 30품종에서 발생하는 주요 해충의 밀도를 비교하기 위해서 수행되었다. 2018년부터 2020년까지 수원과 부산에서 육안조사법으로 해충상을 조사한 결과, 개체수의 대부분을 차지하는 목화진딧물을 제외하고 부산에서는 20종 1,147개체의 해충이 채집되었고, 수원에서는 31종 2,240개체의 해충이 채집되었다. 품종에 따른 종수와 개체수 차이는 없었으나, 지역에 따른 차이는 있었다. 우점종은 목화진딧물, 점노랑들명나방, 왕붉은잎큰나방, 목화명나방, 썩덩나무노린재의 순이었다. 우점종의 발생 역시 품종 보다는 조사 지역과 연도에 따른 차이만 있었다. 결론적으로 무궁화의 품종 차이가 해충상 및 주요 해충의 발생에 미치는 영향은 확인할 수 없었으며, 무궁화가 식재된 주변 환경의 차이가 해충상에 큰 영향을 주는 것으로 판단된다.

• Proceedings of the National Institute of Ecology of the Republic of Korea
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.129-138
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• 2021

Living modified organisms (LMOs) are managed by seven government agencies according to their use in South Korea. The Ministry of Environment is responsible for LMOs used for environmental remediation. This study aimed to develop guidelines for assessing potential risks posed by transgenic plants used for remediation to insect ecosystems by investigating arthropod communities in sunflower fields. A total of 2,350 insects and spiders belonging to 134 species of 10 orders and 71 families were collected from sunflower fields over four growth stages ranging from anthesis to seed maturity. At the R3 phase of flower-bud formation, Chironomidae sp. of a decomposer insect guild presented the highest density, while Apis mellifera of a pollinator guild was the most abundant in the R5.8 phase of flowering. During the R7 seed-filling phase and the R9 phase of seed maturity, herbivorous Pochazia shantungensis predominated. During the R9 phase, richness and diversity indices of arthropod communities were distinctly lower whereas their dominance indices were significantly higher than those at other phases. In addition, the composition of arthropod communities was strongly correlated not only with the sampling date, but also with the sampling method depending on the growth stage of sunflowers. Our results suggest that appropriate sampling timing and methods should be considered in advance and that long-term field trials that cover a variety of environmental conditions should be carried out to evaluate potential risks to insect ecosystems.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.95-106
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• 2023

본 논문에서는 국내 산림 지역의 토양에서 서식하는 곤충병원성 진균을 insect-baiting 방법을 이용하여 분리하고자 하였으며, 곤충병원성 진균과 토양의 물리적, 화학적 특성과의 관계를 분석하고자 하였다. 국내 산림 지역 5곳을 선정하여 토양을 채집하였으며, 채집된 토양에서 총 42 분리주를 분리하였다. 그 중 Beauveria bassiana (42.9%)와 Metarhizium anisopliae (45.2%)가 주로 분리되었으며, 특히 M. anisopliae의 분포는 토양의 총 질소량(g/kg)과 유기물 함량(%)에 따라 달라지는 것이 확인되었다. 국내 산림 지역의 토양은 낮은 pH를 보였으며(pH 4-5), 전체 분리주 중에서 미사질 양토(silt loam)에서 50% 이상이 분리되었다. 본 연구의 결과는 통하여 토양의 물리적, 화학적 특성과 곤충병원성 진균의 분포 및 다양성과의 관계를 이해하는데 도움이 될 것으로 판단된다.