• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.256-265
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• 1995

사과원 잡초군락이 해충 및 천적발생에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여 제초제를 살포하여 잡초를 제거한 구(제초구)와 수관하부까지 잡초를 키우면서 인력으로예초한 구(예초구)에서 수상의 해충 및 천적과 잡초상의 곤충류를 조사하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 응애류와 진딧물의 발생은 처리간에 유의성있는 차이는 없었으나, 응애류의 경우는 예초구에서 발생이 적은 경향이었다. 사과굴나방의 경우 예초구에서 1993년에는 피해엽률이 10% 정도 낮았고, 1994년은 4% 정도 낮은 발생을 보였다. 응애류와 진딧물의 천적류 발생은 쳬초구에서 높은 경향이었으나 큰 차이는 없었으며 사과굴나방의 기생청 천적류는 예초구에서 1993년에는 6~10%, 1994년에는 20~25% 높은 발생을 보였다. 사과원 잡초상에서 포충망을 이용 곤충류를 채집 조사한 결과, 사과해충은 발견되지 않았으며, 사과해충 천적류로서 좀벌류, 고치벌류, 애꽃노리재, 무당벌류, 풀잠자리류 등이 발견되었다. 사과생육기간중 잡초상 및 수상에서 군충군집변화는 상이하였다. 수상에서의 곤충군집형성에 약제살포가 큰 영향을 주었으나, 잡초상에서는 약제살포에 상대적으로 안정된 군집이 유지되었다. 결론적으로 사과원 잡초는 수상의 사과해충 및 천적발생에 영향을 주고 있었으며, 사과굴나방 기생벌같은 기주특이적인 천적들은 수상이동에 의하여 밀도억제작용을 하였고, 잡초상에 먹이가 풍부하거나 또는 광식성인 천적들은 잡초상 곤충군집에 연관되어 수상의 해충밀도에 큰 영향을 주지 못했다.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제48권4호
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• pp.439-445
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• 2009

광릉 숲과 국립수목원내 전시원을 중심으로 1998년부터 2008년까지 11년간 총 291회 조사한 나비 조사 자료를 이용하여 나비군집의 종풍부도(종수)를 추정하였다. 선조사법으로 조사한 결과 112종 13,333개체의 나비가 관찰되었다. 종수누적곡선의 작성과 종수추정은 EstimatesS 프로그램을 이용하였다. 종수누적곡선은 291회 조사에서도 증가하여 미발견종이 남아 있음을 나타낸 반면, 7개 방법(ACE, ICE, Chao1, Chao2, Jack1, Jack2, Bootstrap)에 의한 종수추정곡선은 조사회수가 240-250회에 도달했을 때 안정된 값에 수렴하였다. 7개 방법에 의해 산정된 광릉의 나비종수는 120종부터 141종 사이였으며, 평균값은 128종이었다. 이에 반해 1958년 이래 보고된 과거조사자료를 취합하여 작성한 종목록은 148종이었는데, 최근의 나비상 변화의 분석결과를 토대로 나비 종수의 타당한 값을 검토하였다. 수목원내 전시원의 종풍부도가 자연림과 인공림 보다 높았고 자연림과 인공림 사이에서는 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 수목원내 전시원에는 상대적으로 숲에 비해 초지가 많고 서식처가 더 다양한 것이 나비군집의 종풍부도가 높아진 원인으로 판단하였다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제24권7호
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• pp.888-897
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• 2014

A bacterial community analysis of the gut of Tenebrio molitor larvae was performed using pyrosequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. A predominance of genus Spiroplasma species in phylum Tenericutes was observed in the gut samples, but there was variation found in the community composition between T. molitor individuals. The gut bacteria community structure was not significantly affected by the presence of antibiotics or by the exposure of T. molitor larvae to a highly diverse soil bacteria community. A negative relationship was identified between bacterial diversity and ampicillin concentration; however, no negative relationship was identified with the addition of kanamycin. Ampicillin treatment resulted in a reduction in the bacterial community size, estimated using the 16S rRNA gene copy number. A detailed phylogenetic analysis indicated that the Spiroplasma-associated sequences originating from the T. molitor larvae were distinct from previously identified Spiroplasma type species, implying the presence of novel Spiroplasma species. Some Spiroplasma species are known to be insect pathogens; however, the T. molitor larvae did not experience any harmful effects arising from the presence of Spiroplasma species, indicating that Spiroplasma in the gut of T. molitor larvae do not act as a pathogen to the host. A comparison with the bacterial communities found in other insects (Apis and Solenopsis) showed that the Spiroplasma species found in this study were specific to T. molitor.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제56권2호
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• pp.135-145
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• 2017

주남 습지대($6.02km^2$) 곤충상의 다양도, 우점도, 풍부도 등을 습지대 내 3곳의 습지에서 조사하였다. 조사방법으로는 육안조사와 쓸어잡기는 2010년, 말레이즈 트랩 조사는 2011년, 유아등 조사와 함정트랩 조사는 2012년에 실시하였다. 총 14목(目) 141과(科) 574종(種)의 9,269 개체 (딱정벌레목 36.3%, 나비목 21.3%, 잠자리목 13.9%)가 조사되었다. 종수(種數)로 비교해 보면, 나비목이 31.2%로 가장 높았고, 그 다음이 딱정벌레목(28.0%) 노린재목(12.9%) 순이었다. 우점종(총 조사개체에 대한 각 종의 개체수 비율)은 애넓적물땡땡이(Enochrus simulans, 7.9%), 꼬마줄물방개(Hydaticus grammicus, 4.3%), 일본잎벌레(Galerucella nipponensis, 4.1%), 연물명나방(Elophila interruptalis, 3.1%), 양봉꿀벌(Apis mellifera, 2.2%) 순이었다. 세 곳의 습지에서 조사된 딱정벌레목, 나비목, 잠자리목 곤충의 수는 매우 많았지만 세 습지 간에 차이는 없었다. 주남 습지대의 곤충다양도(H'), 풍부도(RI)는 각각 5.04, 59.10이었다.

• 환경생물
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.488-497
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• 2018

형질전환 벼와 일반 벼의 환경위해성 평가 기초자료를 위해 경상남도 사천시에서 2013~2017년, 경상북도 군위군에서 2015~2016년 7월 말부터 10월 초까지 벼에 발생하는 곤충상을 조사하고 군집특성을 분석하여 비교하였다. 사천시에서 형질전환 벼는 경상대학교 LMO (Living genetically Modified Organism) 격리포장 내에서 재배되었고, 일반 벼는 경상남도 사천시 사천읍 두량리에서 재배되었다. 군위군에서 형질전환 벼는 경북대학교 LMO 격리포장 내에서 재배되었고, 일반 벼는 경상북도 군위군 효령면 화계리에서 재배되었다. 채집방법으로 육안 조사, 포충망 조사, 유아등 트랩, 끈끈이 트랩을 이용하였다. 5년 동안 사천시에서 총 15목 123과 464종 37,941개체가 채집되었고, 2년 동안 군위군에서 총 13목 111과 366종 10,030개체가 채집되었다. 다년간 LMO포장과 일반포장을 비교해본 결과 매년 상위 주요 목은 우점 순서를 제외하면 거의 같은 목이 나타나는 것을 보아 아직까지는 LMO포장과 일반포장의 차이가 뚜렷하게 나타나지 않았다고 사료된다. 그리고 LMO포장과 일반포장 사이의 유사도 지수와 일반포장 사이의 유사도 지수가 차이가 없는 것으로 보아 LMO로 인한 차이가 아닌 환경에 의한 차이로 사료된다.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.63-79
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• 2006

Korea's self-sufficient food ratio on a quantity basis remained a low 27.6 per cent for cereals in year 2004. Even the public auction of imported rice from the United States kicked off a couple of days ago to allow foreign rice to be sold directly to consumers on the Korea market for the first time. Therefore the safety of imported food must be a great concern of Korean consumers. All imported agricultural products are supposed to be quarantined for controlling the insect and inspected for the potent risk like residual pesticides, aflatoxin, sulfur dioxide and genetically modified. agricultural products. The 12 percent of agricultural products contained the insects detected by National Plant Quarantine was fumigated with methyl bromide or aluminum phosphide and entered the custom. The most large portion of violated agricultural products (24 cases in 2004) inspected by Korea Food and Drug Administration was dried herbal medicinal foods contaminated by sulfur dioxide which must be treated when they were dried in China. The second factor made the imported agricultural products to be criminals (19 cases in 2004) was residual pesticides. Genetically modified agricultural products like soybean and corn are under control by labelling in Korea. Genetically modified soybean and corn have been used for oil expression mostly. It is the time to set up realistic risk assessment system for our consumer with the pouring imported agricultural products.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제22권8호
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• pp.55-63
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• 2024

Purpose: This study focuses on the golden banana (Kluai Hom Thong) from the Ban Khok Banana Community Enterprise Group in Sang Khom District, Udon Thani Province, Thailand. Despite its potential as an export crop and minimal disease or insect management issues, the group's products struggled to reach international markets due to lack of marketing opportunities, distribution channels, and proper packaging. The research aims to analyze and develop packaging and logos to test market potential for the group's products. Research design, data and methodology: Data was collected through questionnaires developed in conjunction with three printing and packaging design experts. Market testing involved 100 randomly sampled consumers of the group's products. Results: The new packaging design was perceived as more international, modern, and suitable as a souvenir for adults. Conclusions: Integrating ethnic elements and local materials into packaging design can enhance product appeal. For example, creating cloth bags from fabric scraps for carrying local woven products can impress consumers. This approach could help overcome market barriers and improve prospects for golden banana products in international markets while maintaining the intact ecosystem and environment of the production area. The study highlights the importance of effective packaging and branding in addressing market access challenges for local agricultural enterprises, potentially opening new opportunities for community-based businesses.

• 환경정책연구
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.91-110
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• 2002

Ecosystem health assessment is an emerging concept regarded as a useful diagnostic tool for evaluating ecosystems. The stability of ecosystem is the main theme in the assessment. Generally, two components - resilience and resistance - are involved in the mechanism of ecosystem stability. In this study, relative degrees of the resistance and the resilience were quantified for most aquatic Insects Inhabiting running waters in Korea. A total of 34 groups were newly categorized based on previous studies, and a conceptual model has been produced. The model was applied for the aquatic insect communities inhabiting different streams and demonstrated that each stream ecosystem possessed different degrees of stability. This study also indicated that it was possible to compare stabilities of different ecosystems using relative degrees of resilience and resistance. Using the conceptual model, suitable conservation and management strategies could be recommended in ecological assessments. The model can be used as a stepping-stone for developing more comprehensive methodology that objectively diagnoses and evaluates the ecosystem stability.

• 환경생물
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.226-232
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• 2008

Sampling of the ground beetles in four 'gotjawal' terrains of Jeju island was conducted from April to October, 2007, using pit-fall trap. Totally 2,887 individuals of 23 species belonged to 4 families were collected. The species diversity index was the highest at Aeweol gotjawal (AW), while it was the lowest in Hangyeong-Andeog gotjawal (HA). Clustering analysis revealed that the insect communities of four gotzawals were grouped in only one cluster. Jocheon-Hamdeog gotjawal (JH) formed a cluster with Gujwa-Sungsan gotjawal (GS) at the lowest chord distance (0.24). At the higher chord distance of 0.50, AW fused the cluster of JH and GS. HA fused with the rest three terrains, forming a single cluster at the highest chord distance of 0.98.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.549-557
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• 2016

Aphids are a large group of hemipteran pests that affect the physiology, growth, and development of plants by using piercing mouthparts to consume fluids from the host. Based an recent data, aphids modulate the microbiomes of plants and thereby affect the overall outcome of the biological interaction. However, in a few reports, aboveground aphids manipulate the metabolism of the host and facilitate infestations by rhizosphere bacteria (rhizobacteria). In this study, we evaluated whether aphids alter the plant resistance that is mediated by the bacterial community of the root system. The rhizobacteria were affected by aphid infestation of pepper, and a large population of gram-positive bacteria was detected. Notably, Paenibacillus spp. were the unique gram-positive bacteria to respond to changes induced by the aphids. Paenibacillus polymyxa E681 was used as a rhizobacterium model to assess the recruitment of bacteria to the rhizosphere by the phloem-sucking of aphids and to test the effect of P. polymyxa on the susceptibility of plants to aphids. The root exudates secreted from peppers infested with aphids increased the growth rate of P. polymyxa E681. The application of P. polymyxa E681 to pepper roots promoted the colonization of aphids within 2 days of inoculation. Collectively, our results suggest that aphid infestation modulated the root exudation, which led to the recruitment of rhizobacteria that manipulated the resistance of peppers to aphids. In this study, new information is provided on how the infestation of insects is facilitated through insect-derived modulation of plant resistance with the attraction of gram-positive rhizobacteria.