• Archives of design research
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• v.13
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• pp.153-162
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• 1996

The residence space has been in the trend of being expanded with the J'l'cent economic growth Therefore PAC may be said to have [wen from business use to home US(: the progressed living standard as the goods ior Uw "ummel' S('dSOn rest'ntly though sold in Uw fast for mainly buslTw"s use. PAC has been in the demand day ;lner day and in the tn'nd on the bc,ing the necessJty of the n'sent wf',lther warming phenomenon This study is the case study nf the products development and design process of PAC which has bpcn llrivcn and developed by Gold Star Co. ,Ltd. Which .is the firm for home electric appliances representing Korea. This studies for the development and the design of the products by the firm thus emphasizing the visulizing it based on this study. For example as they being the goods for the summer season I have tried to know the physical quakity and the characters of koreans by the weather conditions and estimated the demand by setting up the target customers of the PAC as the customers' environment. And I analyzed the acts in the living room in the apartments as the living envinorment which has the direct relation with PAC and also became a help to the moulding work of PAC by analyzing the complete interior image in the living room. In the practical moulding work the Design concept was classified into the envinorment of customer, living and products to drive as the below. Firstly - New shape (Round slim) has been realized which leads the minimizing the moulding space and visul sense of opening as its being spacious. The 2nd - the high class sense of the products which are harmonious with the atmosphere of the living room by making it interiorized has been visible. The 3rd - The shape stimulating the sensitivity of the users and surface treatment are emphasized by making it be touched. The 4th - During inviting use of technology image which appears in the electronics products are attemptedby making it be high quality.king it be high quality.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.91-98
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• 2009

As consumption of kimchi has increased, factories have begun to produce this traditional Korean fermented vegetable dish on a large scale. Following the rise in manufacturing, the hygienic conditions under which commercial kimchi is being made have become an issue. We isolated 17 coliform bacteria from commercial kimchi that had not been fully fermented. These bacteria were partially identified as one of seven different species from three genera by 16S rDNA sequence analysis as follows: Enterobacter intermedius, Ent. cloacae, Ent. amnigenus, Klebsiella terrigena, K. ornithinolytica, K. oxytoca, and Hafnia alvei. Lactobacillus paraplantarum KNUC25 has been isolated from over-fermented Chinese cabbage kimchi and its antimicrobial activity reported in the literature. In our study, the KNUC25 strain showed antibacterial activity against isolated coliform bacteria and some pathogenic coliform bacteria through spot-on-the-lawn tests and viable cell tests. Through development and use of a cell-free supernatant of L. paraplantarum KNUC25, we effectively controlled coliform bacteria in commercial kimchi.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.103-112
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• 1995

Six African rice varieties, two each from three types having the characteristics of partially, irregularly, and completely developed abscission layers, were selected and grown 1） to investi-gate the histological differences during the formation and development of the abscission layers and 2） to evaluate the changes in the breaking tensile strength required to detach a grain from its pedicel dur-ing ripening period in relation with developmental stage of the abscission layers. In African rice, the panicle and spikelet grew rapidly from 15 days before heading and almost completely grown in length at five days before heading. The abscission regions were recognized at 15 days before heading. However, any apparently developed abscission layers were not recognized in the lemma side for partially developed abscission layers. A group of parenchymatous cells could be observed sporadically in the abscission layers of the lemma side for irregularly developed ab-scission layers. At ten days before heading, abscission layers consisting of one or two layers of parenchymatous cells were clearly distinguished from neighboring cells due to thickened and lignified cell walls. There were a number of individual parenchymatous cells scattered sporadically in the lemma side of partially developed abscission layers, and a number of grouped parenchymatous cells scattered randomly in the lemma side of irregularly developed abscission layers. At two weeks after heading, the grains became almost fully filled. The cracking of abscission layers between rachilla and pedicel was observed, and the breaking tensile strength required to detach a grain from its pedicel was as low as that at harvest time.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.283-288
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• 1989

To reduce the size of 5.0kb HindIII fragment containing $\beta$-xylosidase gene, the 5.0kb insert of pAX278 which was previously cloned was reduced by various deletions and thus 1.4kb EcoRI-Xbal fragment was subcloned into pUC19, and the recombinant plasmid was named pAK208. The $\beta$-xylosidase acnivity of E. coli harboring pAK208 was higher about 1.3times than that of pAX278. For the improvement of $\beta$-xylosidase activity, we cloned and expressed the $\beta$-xylosidase gene in E. coli using vector pKK223-3 containing a potent tac-promoter, and enzyme activity of the transformant harboring pKHR212 was increased about 3.3 and 1.8 times than that of E. coli(pAX278) and Bacillus sp. K-17, respectively. To obtain better expression of $\beta$-xylosidase gene, the whole 5.0kb HineIII fragment was recloned into pC194, and the Bacillus sp. K-17 transformant harbor-ing the recombinant plasmid pCX174 showed higher activity than that of the E. coli (pAX278) and Bacillus sp. K-17, respectively. The characteristics of enzyme purified from transformants were consistent with those front alkalophilic Bacillus sp, K-17.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.16 no.3 s.76
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• pp.454-458
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• 2006

HSF1 is the heat shock transcription factor in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. S. cerevisiae KNU5377 can ferment at high temperature such as $40^{\b{o}}C$. We have been the subjects of intense study because Hsf1p mediates gene expression not only to heat shock, but to a variety of cellular and environmental stress challenges. Basing these facts, we firstly tried to construct the hsf1 gene-deleted mutant. PCR-method for fast production of gene disruption cassette was introduced in a thermotolerant yeast S. cerevisiae KNU5377, which allowed the addition of short flanking homology region as short as 45 bp suffice to mediate homologous recombination to kanMX module. Such a cassette is composed of linking genomic DNA of target gene to the selectable marker kanMX4 that confers geneticin (G418) resistance in yeast. That module is extensively used for PCR-based gene replacement of target gene in the laboratory strains. We describe here the generation of hsf1 gene disruption construction using PCR product of selectable marker with primers that provide homology to the hsf1 gene following separation of haploid strain in wild type yeast S. cerevisiae KNU5377. Yeast deletion overview containing replace cassette module, deletion mutant construction and strain confirmation in this study used Saccharomyces Genome Deletion Project (http:://www-sequence.standard.edu/group/yeast_deletion_project). This mutant by genetic manipulation of wild type yeast KNU5377 strain will provide a good system for analyzing the research of the molecular biology underlying their physiology and metabolic process under fermentation and improvement of their fermentative properties.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.346-353
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• 2001

2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) a prototype of the highly toxid halogenated arylhydrocarbons, bioaccumulates in the food chain and induces a complex spectrum of pathological responses. However, its effect on the nerve system is relatively not well studied. In this study we evaluated TCDDs cytotoxicity on the cortical cell and investigated its effect on the expression 2,3-cyclic nucleotide 3-phosphodiesterase(CNPase), a marker for oilgodendrocytes, The survival rates of 4 DIV cortical cells, that are dissociated from E18 rat cortex and maintained in the presence of TCDD, were 88.8, 83.6, 78.5, and 78.6%(5,10, 20 and 50 nM, respectively) where the reduction in 20 and 50mM TCDD were statistically very significant(p<0.01). Imunocytochemistry of cultured cells revealed that the intensities of immunostaining with an anti-CNP1&2 antibody depended on the concentrations of the toxin. Immunoblot analysis also showed differential expression of CNP1 and CNP2 in the presence of TCDD; the CNP1 expression was dose-dependently decreased. Interestingly, the expression of CNP2 in the presence if TDCC; the CNP1 expression was dose-dependently decreased. Interestingly, the expression of CNP2 fluctuated with the TCDD concentration. These results indicated that CNP1 and 2 are differentially regulated by TCDD, implying the functions of oligodendrocytes are modulated by the toxin.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.30
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• pp.85-99
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• 1996

This study has been made to examine the symbolic meaning of our traditional costume colours based on the theory of yin-yang Wu-hsing the interaction of yin and yang with the rotation of the five agents wood firt earth metal and waters. Presenting the spirt and the life of our race the costume culture has been keep-ing its own systematic symbol. Being sensible the colour has to be under-stood as the colour sense therefore the cos-tume colour has begun to have the symbolic meaning with the feeling or the mental value. According to the theory of yin-yang wu-hsing the costume colour has presented our racial sprit way of thinking and way of life for a long time and it has become the tra-ditional culture at last. Based on the doctrine of cosmic harmony through the motion of yin and yang or the passive and active elements are their five agents form the material force of everything. The order of nature has its counterpart in five symbolic costume colours wood-blue ; fire-red: earth-yellow; metal-white: water-black. The five colours are called the primary colours. which produce the next compound colours. Accepted in the social system as well as the social stats the costume colour has set up systematically. The theory of Yin-yang Wu-hsing has given the five colours the symbolic meanings and its mainstream has been the function of Sangsaeng and Sangeuk which are genera-ted by the power of virture. The former is mu-tually beneficial while the latter destructive. The colour as a costume colour has been made distinction between the colour of the up-per classes and the colour of the middle and lower classes and the specific colour has presented the symbolic meanings. The yeollow the red and the purple have been regarded as the colour of king queen and upper classes Being the colour recognition the costume colour has been established by the society and the race generally Implied the spiritual elements the colour recognition could select the lucky colour in accordance with one's des-tiny. Besides the colour recognition has begun to appear as the racial costumes to protect the society and to pray for good fortune. According to the theory of Yin-yang Wu-hsing the costume colour has been forming through our long history and has become our costume culture. Therefore the colour of the costume has signified not only the colour sense but also the important symbolic meanings.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.193-198
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• 1996

To establish appropriate seed production system in Angelica gigas. Germination of seeds with different bolting years and the growth characters of plants originated from these seeds were in­vestigated. Seed weight from 1st year bolting plant was highest. In germinability according to seeds with different bolting years, seeds from 1st year bolting plant were higher than seeds from 2nd, 3rd years bolt­ing one. In growth characters of plants originated from seeds with different bolting years, as the bolting years became late, root growth increased and top growth decreased, therefore T/R ratio decreased.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.674-688
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• 2003

Statement of Problem : With increasing demand of the implant-supported prosthesis, it is advantageous to use the different platform width of the fixture according to bone quantity and quality of the patients. Purpose : The purpose of this study was to assess the loading distributing characteristics of two implant designs according to each platform width of fixture, under vertical and inclined loading using finite element analysis. Material and method : The two kinds of finite element models were designed according to each platform width of future (4.1mm restorative component x 11.5mm length, 5.0mm wide-diameter restorative component x 11.5mm length). The crown for mandibular first molar was made using UCLA abutment. Each three-dimensional finite element model was created with the physical properties of the implant and surrounding bone. This study simulated loads of 200N at the central fossa in a vertical direction, 200N at the outside point of the central fossa with resin filling into screw hole in a vertical direction and 200N at the buccal cusp in a 300 transverse direction individually Von Mises stresses were recorded and compared in the supporting bone, fixture, and abutment screw. Results : The stresses were concentrated mainly at the cortex in both vertical and oblique load ing but the stresses in the cancellous bone were low in both vertical and oblique loading. Bending moments resulting from non-axial loading of dental implants caused stress concentrations on cortical bone. The magnitude of the stress was greater with the oblique loading. Increasing the platform width of the implant fixture decreased the stress in the supporting bone, future and abutment screw. Increased the platform width of fixture decreased the stress in the crown and platform. Conclusion : Conclusively, this investigation provides evidence that the platform width of the implant fixture directly affects periimplant stress. By increasing the platform width of the implant fixture, it showed tendency to decreased the supporting bone, future and screw. But, further clinical studies are necessary to determine the ideal protocol for the successful placement of wide platform implants.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.41-64
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• 1987

The main objectives of the present study were to understand the knowledge and practice of breastfeeding mothers about the feeding and supplementary food and to analyze the factors related to it. The data for the present study collected from July 9 to July 31, 1984 for 302 mothers in Seoul. 1. The Knowledge of Breastfeeding Mothers about the Fee4ing and Supplementary Food (1) In the knowledge of mothers on the appropriate feeding pattern before 6 month, 69.3% of total women believed that breast-fed babies are healthier. There was a singificant difference in the type of feeding in order to education level, socio-economic state, and. mass-media exposure. (2) In the knowledge of mothers on an appropriate duration of lactation, the mean duration of breastfeeding is 8. 1 month. The duration of breastfeeding gradually decreases in order of education level, socio-economic state, mass-media exposure, and employment status. (3) In the knowledge of mothers on an appropriate time of introduction of supplementary food, the mean time of introduction of supplementary food is 4. 7 month. It is gradually decrease in order of education level, socioeconomic state, mass-media exposure, and employment state. 2. The Practice of Breastfeeding Mothers about the Feeding and Supplementary Food (1) The practice of mothers on infant-feeding before 6 month and that education level, socio-economic state and mass media exposure are the higher, the rate of breast feeding is the less. (2) The mean duration of breastfeeding is 9 month. It is 1 month longer the knowledge of mothers on an appropriate feeding pattern before 6 month. (3) The time of introduction of supplementary food is average 4.75 month. It is similar to the knowledge of mothers on an appropriate time about introduction of supplementary food. The result of this study indicate that the knowledge and practice of breast feeding is maintained comparatively high in low educated group, whereas it is noticeably decreasing among the high educated group. High educated group believed that the short duration of breastfeeding better than long, and they practiced breastfeeding so short period. And high educated group also thought early introduction of supplementary food is good for the babies health. Consequently, in this study, for the most part, elite group is found to have rather wrong opinions and practice about infant nutrition. Therefore the accurate information of infant nutrition is must be encouraged to mothers.