• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.13-35
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• 2017

This study was carried out to analyze vegetation structure and change of the disturbed area in forest ecosystem(FE), riparian ecosystem(RE) and coastal ecosystem(CE) related to Regional Ecological Network at Chungnam province through constancy and dominance analysis, species diversity index, similarity index and canonical correlation analysis. Data were collected from April to October in 2015. As a result of constancy and dominance analysis of forest disturbed area, non-effective species(NES) was 30 species(17.0%), exported species(ES) was 98 species(55.7%) and imported species(IS) was 48 species(27.3%) among the total 176 species, respectively. In riparian disturbed area with total 139 species, there were 16 NES(11.5%), 98 ES(70.5%) and 25 IS(18.0%) respectively. In coastal disturbed area with 140 species, there were 20 NES(14.3%), 88 ES(62.9%) and 32 IS(22.9%) respectively. In all types of disturbed areas, the ratio of ES was higher than IS. As a result of species diversity, species richness and shannon's diversity index of disturbed area decreased in all kinds of crown strata such as tree, subtree, shrub and herb layer compared to the control area. As a result of similarity index, that of each type between control site and disturbed site was 0.374 in FE, 0.329 in CE and 0.259 in RE in the order. As a result of the CCA analysis, the number of present species, vine plants ratio and exported species ratio in disturbed area of FE and RE were decreased, and the naturalized plant ratio, imported species ratio and herb ratio were increased. But environmental factors of CE were not shown any clear tendency. In conclusion, many species occupied in control site disappeared into the disturbed area, and the naturalized plants and herb species were abundantly imported in the area. Therefore, it was considered that this study could be applied to the development of long-term and short-term ecological restoration techniques in view of vegetation changes.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.530-541
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• 2014

The dredge gear is dragged along the bottom of the sea to catch targeted edible bottom dwelling species. Species composition and ecological index of the catches of dredge were estimated around Gangneung coastal fishing ground by dredge with different mesh size and tooth space from July to December 2013. Eight different types of dredge including four different tooth space (24.7 mm, 29.9 mm, 34.9 mm, 40.1 mm) and four different mesh size(15.5 mm, 32.7 mm, 51.1 mm, 60.0 mm) were used in the experiment. During the experiment, total catches were collected 31 species as sipunculida 1 species, mollusca 13 species, annelida 3 species, arthropoda 8 species, echinodermata 4 species and others 2 species. The dominant genus were mollusca and echinodermata while the dominant species were Megangulus venulosus, Pseudocardium sachalinensis, Schaphechinus brevis. The richness index was ranged 1.29-1.72, evenness index was 0.6-0.65 and diversity index was 1.65-1.83 according to the tooth space and mesh size of dredge. Richness index, diversity index were high at tooth space 34.9 mm dredge and ecological index showed decreasing tendency with the increasing of mesh size of dredge. Cluster and MDS analysis, based on a Bray-Curtis and similarity matrix of fourth root transformed data of number of species and wet weight, showed division into four different groups as four different tooth space (Group A), four different mesh size Group B (51.1 mm, 60.0 mm), Group C (32.7 mm) and Group D (15.5 mm).

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.10-26
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• 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether various saliva collection methods affect the observed salivary microbiome and whether microbiomes of stimulated and unstimulated saliva and plaque differ in richness and diversity. Methods: Seven sampling methods for unstimulated saliva, stimulated saliva, and plaque samples were applied to six orally and systemically healthy participants. Bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA genes of 10 major oral bacterial species, namely, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Treponema denticola, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Prevotella intermedia, Prevotella nigrescens, Streptococcus mitis, Streptococcus sobrinus, and Lactobacillus casei, were analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction. We comprehensively examined the dependence of the amount of bacterial ribosomal DNA (rDNA), bacterial-community composition, and relative abundance of each species on sample collection methods. Results: There were significant differences in the bacterial rDNA copy number depending on the collection method in three species: F. nucleatum, P. nigrescens, and S. mitis. The species with the highest richness was S. mitis, with the range from 89.31% to 100.00%, followed by F. nucleatum, P. nigrescens, T. denticola, T. forsythia, and P. intermedia, and the sum of the proportions of the remaining five species was less than 1%. The species with the lowest observed richness was P. gingivalis (<0.1%). The Shannon diversity index was the highest in unstimulated saliva collected with a funnel (4.449). The Shannon diversity index was higher in plaque samples (3.623) than in unstimulated (3.171) and stimulated (3.129) saliva and in mouthwash saliva samples (2.061). Conclusions: The oral microbial profile of saliva samples can be affected by sample collection methods, and saliva differs from plaque in the microbiome. An easy and rapid technique for saliva collection is desirable; however, observed microbial-community composition may more accurately reflect the actual microbiome when unstimulated saliva is assayed.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.151-158
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• 2011

Fish community structure in the Pyeongchanggang River was investigated from April to November 2009. About 900 individuals representing 24 species from eight families at six sites in the Pyeongchanggang River were collected. It was similar to the 2001's survey and it was less than 2006's survey. The Korean endemic species, Zacco koreanus was the most abundant, whereas subdominant species were native species, such as Pungtungia herzi, Zacco platypus, Rhynchocypris kumgangensis and Rhynchocypris oxycephalus. Three endangered species were collected at the sampling area, Acheilognathus signifier (relative abundance [RA] 0.9%), Pseudopungtungia tenuicorpa (RA 1.4%), and Cottus koreanus (RA 3.6%). One natural monument species, Hemibarbus mylodon, was included. According to the analysis of ecological indicator characteristics, the relative proportion of tolerant species was 6.3% (57 individuals), whereas the proportion of sensitive species was 65.9% (593 individuals). Species evenness, richness and diversity indices decreased gradually through the month from April to November during the study. Community indices in Pyeongchanggang River showed a high evenness index (J'>0.6), a low level of species richness (R<3.5) and a medium level of diversity (1.5

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제99권5호
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• pp.736-743
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• 2010

This study examined the ecological attributes of classified forest community by cluster analysis in the mixed forest of Mt. Seokbyung Experimental Forest of Gangwon-Do. The vegetation data were collected in randomly established 51 sample plots (2.04 ha) and analysis adopted the cluster analysis, importance value index, and Shannon's diversity index. Main results were as follows; 1) the study area was classified into 4 clusters (A, B, C and D). 2) The cluster A was dominated by Pinus densiflora with an importance value of 71.6%. The most dominant species in the cluster B and cluster C were Larix leptolepis (57.1%) and Quercus mongolica (40.2%), respectively. Finally, The cluster D was dominated by P. densiflora (30.6%) and Q. mongolica (31.0%) with the mixed forest. 3) In the P. densiflora community (cluster A), distribution of DBH class showed a reverse J-shaped curve. In the L. leptolepis community (cluster B), individuals of dominant species had the bell-shaped distribution. Oak species indicated uniform distribution of DBH class (under 25 cm) in the mixed P. densiflora - Q. mongolica community (cluster D). 4) The species diversity index of the communities in descending order were: Pinus densiflora - Q. mongolica community > Larix leptolepis community > Pinus densiflora community > Quercus mongolica community.

• 생태와환경
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.327-336
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• 2007

본 연구는 1999년 6월과 8월에 남한강 상류수계의 15개 조사지점으로부터 어류의 다변수 모델을 이용하여 생태건강성을 평가하였고, 전통적인 군집분석에 의한 지수와 서로 비교 평가하였다. 본 연구를 위해 우리나라의 생태적 특성에 맞게 보완된 10-메트릭 건강성 평가 모델을 적용하였다. 어류조사에 따르면, 총 6과 24종이 출현하였고, 생태적인 교란정도와 하천차수에 따라 일부 변이를 보였다. 생태길드분석에 따르면, 민감종과 충식종은 각각 91%, 56%로서 생태적으로 수환경이 건강한 상태로 나타났다. 그러나 S1과 S2의 2차 하천에서는 내성종이 66%, 잡식종이 76%가 채집되어 물리적 서식지의 질적 저하가 영향을 나타낸 것으로 판단되었다. 본 수계에서 생태건강도의 평균 모델값은 38로서 양호상태를 보였고, 개별적 IBI 값의 패턴은 다른 산간계류형 하천들과 유사하여 비교적 이화학적 오염에 의한 영향이 적은 것으로 사료되었다. 하천차수에 따른 IBI 값과 종다양성 지수와의 비교에 따르면, 두 변수 값은 분명한 차이가 있음을 보여주었다 Shannon-Weaver의 종다양성 지수는 실제 군집상태를 잘 반영하지 못했으며, 특히 2차 하천에서의 종다양성 지수 변이의 폭은 IBI 값으로 산정한 생태 건강도에 비해 훨씬 크게 나타났다. 본 연구결과는 다변수 메트릭에 의한 연구 접근방식은 수생태계 관리에 유용한 도구로 사용될 수 있으나, 기존의 종 다양도 지수와 같은 군집 분석법은 하천차수를 고려하지 않을 경우 비효율적인 것으로 사료되었다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제51권5호
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• pp.571-578
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• 2018

Seasonal variability in algal community structure of the subtidal zone was examined at four study sites on the southeastern coast of Korea from February to November 2016. A total of 81 species of algae (8 green, 12 brown, and 61 red) were indentified. During the study period, the greatest number of species was observed at Sinamri (57 species) followed by Daesongri (50 species), Dongbaekri (47 species) and Gangyangri (42 species). Of the six functional seaweed forms, the coarsely-branched form was the most dominant, accounting for about 43% of the total species at Daesongri. The annual average biomass in wet weight varied from $700.59g/m^2$ at Sinamri to $1,712.45g/m^2$ at Daesongri. The parameters of seaweed community structures were as follows: dominance index (DI), 0.30-0.54; richness index (R), 4.92-7.05; evenness index (J'), 0.54-0.72; and diversity index (H'), 2.05-2.91.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.35-51
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• 2014

A phytosociological vegetation survey was conducted in July to September 2011 in order to examine the vegetation community structure in Mt. Ohseo area. It was aimed to provide basic data for the effective vegetation conservation by analyzing the importance, species diversity and community similarity of the forest community in Mt. Ohseo for each layer, followed by the classification of the actual forest vegetation. According to the cluster analysis, the community type of Mt. Ohseo was classified into a total of 4 vegetation communities: Pinus densiflora community, Cornus controversa-Quercus serrata community, Miscanthus sinensis community, and Quercus mongolica community; the vegetation type 4 showed the lowest species diversity index of 0.5236, and vegetation type-2 showed the highest species diversity index of 0.6606. The community similarity between Quercus mongolica community and Pinus densiflora community showed the highest 0.679, and the community similarity between Quercus serrata community and Pinus densiflora community and between Quercus serrata community and Quercus mongolica community showed the levels of 0.5, respectively.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제54권4호
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• pp.498-507
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• 2021

Ichthyoplankton (fish eggs and larvae) were collected seasonally collected from 2017 to 2019 to clarify whether Dokdo serves as a fish spawning and/or nursery ground. Fish eggs were identified and classified into 16 species. The dominant fish egg species were Engraulis japonicus, Maurolicus japonicus, and Parajulis poecilepterus. Fish larvae were identified and classified into 15 species. The dominant fish larvae species were E. japonicus, M. japonicus, and Sebastes owstoni. A cluster analysis similarity percentages revealed two distinct groupings according to sample location (stations) with E. japonicus and M. japonicus as the main group influencers. E. japonicus was the dominant species off Dokdo. The species diversity and abundance peaked in summer. The diversity index, richness index, and evenness index fluctuated seasonally. There were no predominant species variations among the years. Sedentary species such as P. poecilepterus, Semicossyphus reticulatus, and Glyptocephalus stelleri occurred in the inshore stations. E. japonicus, M. japonicus, and Trachipterus trachypterus occurred in the offshore stations. Our results show these species use Dokdo as spawning and nursery grounds.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.82-89
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• 2024

This study aimed to investigate habitat distribution and beetle diversity, using beetles as biological indicator species to assess environmental changes in the Mt. Mangunsan area near the South Sea of Korea. Plots were installed at varying elevations on the southern and northern slopes of Mt. Mangunsan, and the beetle species composition was determined. A total of 1,368 beetles comprising 32 species belonging to ten families were collected between May and September 2023 from the study sites in the Mt. Mangunsan area near the South Sea of Korea. The two most prevalent species consisted of Synuchus nitidus, with 152 collected beetles, and Calosoma chinense, with 128 collected beetles. In May, June, July, August, and September, 76 beetles comprising 10 species, 180 beetles comprising 18 species, 138 beetles comprising 15 species, 525 beetles comprising 27 species, and 449 beetles comprising 25 species were collected, respectively, with the highest abundance observed in August. In terms of elevation, 239 beetles comprising 19 species were collected at 300 m; 352 beetles comprising 27 species at 400 m; 314 beetles comprising 24 species at 500 m; 280 beetles comprising 22 species at 600 m; 183 beetles comprising 16 species at 700 m. Based on the slope, 442 beetles comprising 18 species belonging to eight families were collected on the southern slope, and 926 beetles comprising 24 species belonging to 10 families were collected on the northern slope. Analysis of the beetles on the southern slope produced the following estimations: diversity of 1.086, evenness of 0.866, and dominance of 0.109. Meanwhile, those in the northern slope yielded a diversity of 1.204, evenness of 0.873, and dominance of 0.081.