• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.914-917
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• 2002

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.797-799
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• 2002

• Magazine of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.52-55
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• 2011

• Magazine of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.46-50
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• 2011

• Korean Medical Education Review
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.206-207
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• 2021

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.182-190
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• 2006

Objective : Based on immunological mechanisms, this study examined whether subcutaneous (s.c.) injection of Clematis mandshurica Maxim. water extract (CMA) has anti-inflammatory effects, and its effect on $TNF-{\alpha}$, IL-1 and IL-10 release from synoviocytes on adjuvant arthritis (AA) in the rat. Methods : Complete Freund's adjuvant was used to induce AA in rats. Synoviocytes were separated by the method of collagenase and DNase digestion Synoviocytes proliferation was assayed by 3-(4, 5 dimethylthiazol 2 yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. $TNF-{\alpha}$, IL-1 and interleukin-10 (IL-10) production of synoviocytes was measured with ELISA. The expression of IL-10 mRNA of synoviocytes was determined using RT PCR. Results : There were significant secondary inflammatory reactions in AA rats, accompanied by the decrease of body and immune organs weight simultaneously. Synoviocytes proliferation of AA rats significantly increased, and the levels of $TNF-{\alpha}$ and IL-1 in supernatants of synoviocytes in AA rats were also elevated compared with the sham group. The administration of CMA (2, 5, 10 mg/kg, s.c.) reduced the above changes significantly. In contrast to $TNF-{\alpha}$ and IL-1, IL-10 production and the level of its mRNA of synoviocytes in AA rats apparently decreased. CMA (2, 5, 10 mg/kg, s.c.) markedly increased IL-10 in synoviocytes at protein and transcription level. Conclusion : The results indicate that CMA has a beneficial effect on rat AA due to modulating inflammatory cytokine production of synoviocytes, which play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of this disease.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.14.1-14.14
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• 2023

Immune status including the immune cells and cytokine profiles has been implicated in the development of endometriosis. In this study, we analyzed Th17 cells and IL-17A in peritoneal fluid (PF) and endometrial tissues of patients with (n=10) and without (n=26) endometriosis. Our study has shown increased Th17 cell population and IL-17A level in PF with endometriosis patients. To determine the roles of IL-17A and Th17 cells in the development of endometriosis, the effect of IL-17A, major cytokine of Th17, on endometrial cells isolated from endometriotic tissues was examined. Recombinant IL-17A promoted survival of endometrial cells accompanied by increased expression of anti-apoptotic genes, including Bcl-2 and MCL1, and the activation of ERK1/2 signaling. In addition, treatment of IL-17A to endometrial cells inhibited NK cell mediated cytotoxicity and induced HLA-G expression on endometrial cells. IL-17A also promoted migration of endometrial cells. Our data suggest that Th17 cells and IL-17A play critical roles in the development of endometriosis by promoting endometrial cell survival and conferring a resistance to NK cell cytotoxicity through the activation of ERK1/2 signaling. Targeting IL-17A has potential as a new strategy for the treatment of endometriosis.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.272-276
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• 2017

HOX genes are transcription factors that play important roles in body patterning and cell fate specification during normal development. In previous study, we found aberrant overexpression of HOXB5 in breast cancer tissues and cell lines, and demonstrated that HOXB5 is important in regulation of cell proliferation, tamoxifen resistance, and invasiveness through the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Although the relationship between HOXB5 and phenotypic changes in MCF7 breast cancer cells has been studied, the molecular function of HOXB5 as a transcription factor remains unclear. IL-6 has been reported to be involved in not only inflammation but also cancer progression, which is characterized by the increase of growth speed and invasiveness of tumor cells. In this study, we selected Interleukin-6 (IL-6) as HOXB5 putative downstream target gene and discovered that HOXB5 transcriptionally up-regulated the expression of IL-6 in HOXB5 overexpressing MCF7 cells. The upstream region (~1.2 kb) of IL-6 promoter turned out to contain several putative HOX consensus binding sites. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assay confirmed that HOXB5 directly binds to the promoter region of IL-6 and positively regulated the expression of IL-6. These data all together, indicate that HOXB5 promotes IL-6 transcription by actively binding to the putative binding sites located in the upstream region of IL-6, which enable to increase its promoter activity in MCF7 breast cancer cells.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.11-20
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• 2018

Background: This research was performed to investigate the effects of Pulsatilla Koreana NAKAI pharmacopuncture (PPA) therapy on intestinal disease in rats with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis. Methods: The subjects were divided into five groups : A control group, saline group, pharmacopuncture group PPA1 ($0.2mg/1kg/40{\mu}{\ell}$), pharmacopuncture group PPA2 ($0.5mg/1kg/40{\mu}{\ell}$), and pharmacopuncture group PPA 3($1mg/1kg/40{\mu}{\ell}$). The experimental model of colitis was induced by infection of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) for eighteen days. After colitis was induced, PPA therapy was practiced on the Chunchu (ST25) once every two days for a total six times. Thereafter Disease Activity Index (DAI), colon length, damage to the colonic mucosa, body weight, IL-6, IL-10, $IL-1{\beta}$, $IFN-{\gamma}$, $TNF-{\alpha}$, $TGF-{\beta}1$, IL-23 and IL-17 were measured. Results: The results were as follows. 1. DAI was significantly decreased in the PPA groups. 2. Colon length was significantly increased in the PPA groups. 3. Damage of colonic mucosa was observed less in the PPA groups. 4. Body weight was significantly increased in the saline group and the PPA groups. 5. The PPA2 group showed a significant decrease in the intensity of IL-6, $IL-1{\beta}$, $IFN-{\gamma}$ and $TNF-{\alpha}$ levels and the mean of IL-23. 6. The PPA3 group showed a significant increase in the intensity of IL-10 and $TGF-{\beta}1$ levels. 7. No significant differences were shown in the mean of IL-17. Conclusion: These results suggest that PPA therapy on Chunchu (ST25) can be used as an effective treatment for inflammatory bowel disease.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.131-146
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• 2004

In the present study, we exarnined anti-allergic effect of SGBHB in cultured B cells. B cells were prepared from isolated murine splenocytes and activated by co-treatment of anti-CD40 monoclonal antibody and recombinant IL-4 allergens. Anti-allergic effects of SGBHB in activated B cells were determined by measuring B cell surface activated molecules (CD23+ and CD11a+), and expression levels of IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-$\alpha$, IgE, and HRF. The major findings are summarized as follows. 1. SGBHB treatment did not produce significant cytotoxic effects on mouse lung fibroblast cells. 2. SGBHB produced significant inhibitory effect on the expression of B cell surface activated molecules (CD23+ and CD11a) in activated B cells. 3. SGBHB treatment significantly inhibited expression levels of IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-6, and TNF-$\alpha$ mRNAs in activated B cells.IL-6 protein levels were significantly decreased by $100{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ of SGBHB treatrrient, and TNF-$\alpha$ protein levels were decreased compared to the control group, but statistically insignificant. 4. SGBHB treatment significantly increased IL-10 at both mRNA and protein levels in activated B cells. 5. SGBHB treatment significantly inhibited levels of IgE production. Thus, the present data suggest that SGBHB has an anti-allergic effect on activated B cells by controlling irnmune responses, and further implicates the possibility on clinical application as a therapeutic agent.