• 한국지능시스템학회논문지
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.725-729
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• 2009

intuitionistic fuzzy generalized topological space와 intuitionistic gradation of generalized openness의 개념을 소개한다. 한편 IFG-mapping, weak IFG-mapping과 IFG-open mapping의 개념을 소개하며 특성을 조사한다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.307-315
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• 2001

Litter size has been one of the important economic traits in porcine reproduction. The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system has been shown to mediate actions of the steroid hormone or to synergize with other endocrine factors so that it consequently plays roles in reproductive processes, including ovulation, implantation, maintenance of pregnancy, and fetal development. However, the effect of the serum IGF system on porcine litter size has not been deeply studied. Therefore, this study was conducted to relate serum IFG-II concentration and IGF binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) expression with porcine litter size. Moreover, the possible association of those with estrogen receptor (ER) as a candidate gene for litter size was investigated. Swine were separated into two groups showing high and low litter sizes, and sera were collected from sows in the estrous cycle to postnatal growth of their female progeny. Serum IFG-II concentration was measured by radioimmunoassay and IGFBP-3 expression was detected by Western ligand blotting. During the estrous cycle, IGFBP-3 expression in both groups decreased moderately from metestrus to estrus, but IFG-II concentration showed a reverse pattern. Also, IFG-II concentration and IGFBP-3 expression decreased gradually as pregnancy proceeded. Unlike IGFBP-3, IFG-II decreased moderately as newborn pigs grew. Significant differences in serum IFG-II amount between the two groups were detected at 60 (p<0.01), 75, 90, and 105 d (p<0.05) of pregnancy and at 60 (p<0.01), 45, and 105 d (p<0.05) of postnatal growth. Furthermore, based on ER genotypes, a high litter size group with genotypes AB and BB showed lower IFG-II concentration than a low litter size group with a genotype AA during pregnancy. Taken together, the results indicate that the serum IFG-II and IGFBP-3 are correlated with the litter size in pigs.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.309-318
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• 2010

Objective: This study was performed to investigate the prevalence of impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and its related characteristics among healthy adults in some Korean rural areas. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study using the data from 1352 adults who were over the age 40 and under the age 70 and who were free of diabetes mellitus (DM), cardiovascular diseases and other diseases and who participated in a survey conducted as part of the Korean Rural Genomic Cohort Study. IFG was defined as a serum fasting glucose level between 100 and 125 mg/dL. Results: The prevalence of IFG was 20.4% in men, 15.5% in women and 12.7% overall. Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the independent risk factors for IFG were male gender, having a family history of DM, the quartiles of gamma glutamyltransferase and high sensitive C-reactive protein and the waist circumference. The homeostatis model assessment for insulin resistance was very strongly associated with IFG. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) and MS components was higher in the subjects with IFG then in those with normal fasting glucose (NFG). Conclusions: The result of study could supply evidence to find the high risk population and to determine a strategy for treating IFG. Further research is needed to explain the causal relationship and mechanisms of IFG.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.490-495
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• 2023

본 연구에서는 국내에서 최근 도입되거나 육종된 품종 등을 대상으로 생육 및 과실 특성을 알아보고 국내 적응성을 검토하기 위해 수행되었다. 품종간 발아율은 'Stella'가 91.6%로 가장 높았고, 'My Heart'(78.3%), IFG-6(77.3%), 'Hongju Seedless'(73.2%) 순이었다. 품종별 꽃송이 발생률을 보면 'Stella' 품종이 113.5%로 가장 높았으며 'IFG-6' 품종의 꽃송이 발생률은 45.3%로 다른 품종에 비해 낮았다. 신초의 굵기는 'Hongju Seedless'를 제외하고 나머지 세 품종에서는 11.0 mm 이하로 조사되었으며, 'Hongju Seedless'는 12.5 mm로 가장 굵고 'Stella'는 9.6 mm로 가장 얇은 것으로 나타났다. 과립 무게는 'My Heart' 품종이 11.3 g으로 다른 품종에 비해 무거웠으며, 'Stella', 'IFG-6', 'Hongju Seedless' 순으로 나타났다. 품종별 수확기 당도는 약19.0°Bx 이상이었으며, 'IFG-6'가 20.2°Bx로 가장 높았으며, 'My Heart', 'Stella', 'Hongju Seedless' 순으로 낮았다. 산도 함량은 'My Heart' 품종이 0.39%로 가장 낮았으며, 'IFG-6', 'Stella', 'Hongju Seedless' 순으로 높았다. 착색은 'My Heart'의 경우 수확기가 지났는데도 불구하고 과피색이 붉은색으로 잘 변하지 않았으며, 불규칙적으로 포도에 착색이 되는 특징이 있어 착색을 증진시킬 수 있는 재배 기술의 개발이 필요할 것으로 판단되었다.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:컴퓨팅의 실제 및 레터
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.378-387
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• 2007

운동 효과를 극대화하기 위하여 개인의 신체 상태를 측정한 후, 운동 처방을 통하여 적합한 운동 프로그램을 생성해 주는 운동 관리 시스템이 도입되어 활용되고 있다. 하지만, 2주$\sim$3개월 주기로 신체 상태를 파악하여 생성되는 운동 프로그램은 다양하게 변화하는 개개인의 운동 습관이나 운동 주기를 실시간으로 반영하지 못하기 때문에, 운동 기간이 길어질수록 사용자의 현재상태에 적절치 않은 운동을 유도할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 사용자의 상황을 고려한 운동 프로그램을 제공하기 위한 문맥 인지 운동 모델(Context Aware Exercise Model : CAEM)을 제안하며, 이를 지능형 운동 가이드(Intelligent Fitness Guide : IFG) 시스템으로 구현한다. IFG 시스템은 사용자의 상황에 따라 필요한 측정치를 선택적으로 입력 받고, 운동 종류 및 운동 횟수, 운동 강도의 변경 시 운동 최적화 알고리즘 및 운동 지식베이스를 통해 운동 프로그램을 생성한다. IFG는 사용자 상황에 알맞은 운동 프로그램을 실시간으로 제공함으로써, 사용자 상황에 알맞은 효율적인 운동 관리를 할 수 있다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.353-358
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• 2006

Objectives: An increase in the serum gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) concentration has been regarded as a marker of alcohol drinking or liver disease. Some reports, however, have suggested that the serum GGT may be a sensitive and early biomarker for the development of prediabetes and diabetes. In this study we investigated whether serum GGT is a reliable predictor of the incident impaired fasting glucose (IFG), including diabetes. Methods: We performed a prospective study for two years (2002-2004). We analyzed the periodic health examination data from a total of 4,711 men. The examinations were done in the years 2002 and 2004. The analyzed data included a self-questionnaire, a physical examination and the laboratory results. Both IFG and diabetes were defined as a serum fasting glucose concentration of more than 100 mg/dL and 126 mg/dL, respectively. Results: A total of 738 cases (15.7%) of incident IFG and 13 cases (0.3%) of diabetes occurred. The mean serum GGT concentrations were quite different between the normal (38.0 IU) and incident IFG groups (50.3 IU), and the incident diabetes group (66.0 IU) (p<0.001). After multivariable adjustment, the relative risks for incident IFG or diabetes across the baseline GGT categories (<10th, 10th-20th, 30th-40th, 50th-60th, 70th-80th and >90th percentile) were 1.0, 1.172 (0.769-1.785), 1.107 (0.725-1.689), 1.444 (0.934-2.232), 2.061 (1.401-3.031) and 2.545 (1.784-3.631) (p-value for trend: <0.001). The risks significantly increased with increasing levels of GGT for 2 years; when comparing the increased groups (<10%, 10-20%, >20%) versus the decreased over 20% group of GGT, the risks for IFG or diabetes were 1.334 (1.002-1.776), 1.613 (1.183-2.199) and 1.399 (1.092-1.794). Conclusions: Our findings suggest that serum GGT concentrations within its normal range may be an early predictor of the development of IFG and diabetes. As serum GGT is a relatively inexpensive test and a reliable marker, it might have important implications in public health promotion.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.249-254
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• 2008

Objectives: To investigate whether smoking and the smoking status are predictors of the incident impaired fasting glucose (IFG) or type 2 diabetes in Korean men. Methods: A cohort of 1,717 Korean men without IFG or diabetes, who underwent annual periodic health examinations for 4 years (2002-2006), were retrospectively investigated. IFG and diabetes were defined as a serum fasting glucose concentration of 100-125 mg/dL and more than 126 mg/dL, respectively. Cox's proportional hazards model was used to evaluate the association between smoking and development of IFG or type 2 diabetes. Results: A total of 558 cases (32.5%) of incident IFG and 50 cases (2.9%) of diabetes occurred. After controlling for the potential predictors of diabetes, the relative risk for IFG, compared with the never smokers, was 1.02 (95% CI=0.88 to 1.19) for the ever-smokers, 0.96 (95% CI=0.79-1.16) for those who smoked 1-9 cigarettes/d, 1.15 (95% CI=1.01 to 1.30) for those who smoked 10-19 cigarettes/d, and 1.31 (95% CI=1.10 to 1.57) for those who smoked 20 or more cigarettes/d (the P value for the current smokers was only p<0.002). The respective multivariate adjusted relative risks for type 2 diabetes, compared with the never-smokers, were 1.07 (95% CI=0.64 to 1.92), 1.47 (95% CI=0.71 to 3.04), 1.84 (95% CI=0.92-3.04), and 1.87 (95% CI=1.13-3.67), respectively (the P value for the current smokers was only p=0.004). Conclusions: The smoking status and the number of cigarettes smoked daily are associated with an increased risk for developing IFG or type 2 diabetes in Korean men.

• Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine
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• 제35권
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• pp.12.1-12.12
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• 2023

Background: The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between job stress and impaired fasting glycemia (IFG) of male workers in a manufacturing industry. Methods: Data were collected from 5,886 male workers in a manufacturing industry who participated in the medical examination from June 19 to August 14, 2020 through self-reported questionnaires. The general characteristics of the subjects, shift work, high blood pressure, dyslipidemia, and job stress were included. Job stress was measured using the Korean Occupational Stress Scale (KOSS) consisting of 8 items and 43 questions. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the IFG association with job stress. Results: Among the various factors that can cause job stress, only high job demand was associated with a risk of IFG (odds ratio, 1.43; 95% confidence interval, 1.13-1.82) especially in non-shift worker. For all other factors, no statistically significant results were obtained. Conclusions: In this study of male workers engaged in the Korean steel manufacturing industry, the 'job demand' item among job stress of non-shift worker was related to IFG.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.677-682
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• 2013

Impaired glucose tolerance(IGT) & Impaired fasting glucose(IFG) were standardized in 1979 by the National Diabetes Data Group and the World Health Organization as a risk factor for type 2 diabetes. The main clinical significance of IGT & IFG shows some risk factors on type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease and component of the metabolic syndrome. In 1997, the American Diabetes Association(ADA) proposed the new classification and diagnostic criteria for diabetes, which wss striction on the diagnostic baseline of Diabetes from 140 mg/dl to 126 mg/dl. This is because that the early diagnosis and treatments can prevent chronic complications. In the oriental medicine, Gamiyookmigihwang-tang has been using for the treatments of Diabetes including IGT & IFG; however, there have not been enough studies about the effect of the glycemic control objectively. So clinical studies have been performed on a mild DM(Diabetes Mellitus) patient with IGT and IFG in order to investigate whether there is hypoglycemic effect of Gamiyookmigihwang-tang. Prior to the study, for two weeks fasting blood sugar(FBS) and postprandial 2hrs(PP2hrs) glucose were checked. in addition ECG, T-cholesterol, TG, HbA1c levels were measured; then, Gamiyookmigihwang-tang has administrated for 4 weeks. and FBS, PP2hrs, T-cholesterol, TG, HbA1c were measured again after the herb medicine treatment. FBS, PP2hrs glucose levels and other measuring levels (T-cholesterol, TG, HbA1c) were decreased by the administration of Gamiyookmigihwang-tang. Gamiyookmigihwang-tang has hypoglycemic effects on a mild DM patient with IGT and IFG.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.303-313
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• 2002

1999년 7월 1일부터 1년간 아산재단 강릉병원에서 건강검진을 받은 성인 중에서 공복혈당장애군 (92명), 당뇨군 (119명) 및 이들과 성별 및 연령이 유사한 정상 대조군 (123명)을 대상으로 신체계측을 통하여 비만도를 평가하고, 혈압측정과 혈액분석 그리고 식품 섭취 빈도법을 이용하여 영양소 섭취량을 평가하였다. 1) 남자에서 공복혈당장애군의 BMI(25.7$\pm$2.7kg/$m^2$)와 비만도 지수(119.1$\pm$12.2%)는 당뇨군 및 정상군보다 유의하게 높았으며, WHR (0.92$\pm$0.04)과 혈압 (수축기 139$\pm$19.2mmHg, 이완기 85.1$\pm$12.2mmHg)은 당뇨군과는 차이를 보이지 않는 반면 정상군보다는 유의하게 높았다. 한편 여자의 경우, 공복혈당장애군의 체중, BMI, 비만도 지수 및 WHR는 당뇨군과는 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았으나, 정상군에 비해서는 유의하게 높았다. 2) 비만 이환율을 살펴보면, 남자의 경우 공복혈당장애군 (43.6%)-정상군 (27.4%)-당뇨군 (22.5%)의 순이었으나, 여자는 공복혈당장애군(76.7%)-당뇨군(63.3%)-정상군(54.0%)의 순으로 나타나, 공복혈당장애군에서 비만의 이환율이 더 높았으나 유의한 차이는 아니었다. 3) 남자에서 수축기 및 이완기 고혈압 위험 집단의 비율은 공복혈당장애군에서 각각 40.0%와 52.0%로 가장 높았으나 (p<0.05), 여자에서는 세 군 간에 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 4) 남자에서 공복혈당장애군의 중성지방 농도(177.7$\pm$109.4mg/dl)와 AI(3.16$\pm$0.91)는 정상군 및 당뇨군과 유의한 차이를 보이지 않고 단지 두 군의 중간 정도의 범주에 해당되었다. 그러나, 여자에서는 공복혈당장애군의 AI, relative cholesterol의 수준이 정상군과는 유의하게 다르고, 오히려 당뇨군과는 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 5) 영양소 섭취량은 정상군, 공복혈당장애군 및 당뇨군간에 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 그러나 알코올로부터의 열량 섭취비율을 살펴보면, 남자의 경우 공복혈당장애군이 7.0$\pm$6.9%로서 정상군 (4.5$\pm$5.9%) 및 당뇨군 (5.6$\pm$6.1%) 보다 유의하게 높았다. 30~49세에 해당되는 중년 여성의 에너지, 단백질, 철분 섭취량을 권장량과 비교하여 보면, 각각 74.8$\pm$12.6%, 94.6$\pm$26.4% 및 64.5$\pm$14.1%로 당뇨군 (각각 112.8$\pm$28.5%, 157.8$\pm$68.2%, 92.8$\pm$21.7%)에 비해 유의하게 낮았고 정상군과는 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다.