• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.44 no.8
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• pp.619-628
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the existing method of calculating rainfall-runoff erosivity using monthly precipitation, such as Fournier's index, modified Fournier's index, IAS (Institute of Agricultural Sciences) index, etc., and to present more reasonable regression model based on monthly rainfall data in Korea. This study introduced a new simplified method of calculating rainfall-runoff erosivity based on monthly precipitation, called by modified IAS index. It was expanded form IAS index which is the simple calculation method by summing up the rainfall amount of two months with maximum amount. Monthly precipitation and annual rainfall-runoff erosivity at 21 weather stations for over 25 years were used to analyze correlation relationship and regression model. The result shows that modified IAS index is the more reasonable parameter for estimating rainfall-runoff erosivity of the middle-western and south-western regions in Korea.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.681-685
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• 2000

A computer software was developed in our laboratory to automatically control the pigs environment by the image analysis system (IAS), which monitors and analyzes the pig's behavior and feeds the results back to the computer hardware. Three feeding trials were conducted with growing pigs ($L{\times}Y$) to test the effectiveness of the IAS under various seasons. In all three trials, the open-sided conventional pens with half-slatted floor were used as controls; for the IAS treatment, fully-slatted floors were used in the windowless pens. Experiment 1 was conducted in the winter for 30 d with 24 growing pigs. There were two treatments (Conventional vs. IAS), and three pens (replicates) per treatment. During the growing period, the feed efficiency was significantly (p<0.05) improved by the IAS. In addition, the pigs reared under the IAS during the growing period displayed better growth rate during the finishing period than did the pigs reared under the conventional conditions. Experiment 2 was conducted in the summer for 30 d with 24 growing pigs. The experimental design was the same as Experiment 1. During the finishing period, all the pigs were kept in conventional open-sided pens until their market weights to evaluate their carcass characteristics. During the growing period, the growth rate and feed efficiency of the pigs in the IAS was better than those of the control pigs. In addition, various carcass characteristics were significantly improved by the IAS rearing during the growing period. Experiment 3 was conducted with 30 growing pigs for 30 d in the spring. The experimental design was the same as Experiment 1. No difference was found in growing performance between the control and IAS pigs. It could be concluded that the IAS is effective in providing optimum conditions for the growing pigs in summer and winter seasons. In addition, providing an optimum environment during the growing period results in improved growth rate, feed efficiency, and carcass qualities for the finishing pigs.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.106-111
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• 1983

As calculation of R factor value in the Universal Soil-Loss Equation is tedious, a new simple method (IAS Index) to approximate the R factor value is proposed. Although the several methods have been tested to get R value, no one fits our conditions. IAS Index is simply calculated by summing up the amount of rainfall over two months with maximum $EI_{30}$ values. The Index is highly correlated to $EI_{30}$ value in western part of peninsular. The difference is less than 10% between $EI_{30}$ value and IAS Index. Therefore, R factor can be estimated from IAS index, summing up the rainfall amount of June and August in this region. However, IAS Index works poorly in other region, especially, eastern coastal side. The large difference may be partly due to side distribution of $EI_{30}$ value, which means no special $EI_{30}$ peaks during heavy rainy months. In this case, IAS Index is not applicable directly.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1992.10b
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• pp.124-129
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• 1992

The goal of the proposed Intelligent Assisting System - IAS is to assist human operators in an intelligent way, while leaving decision and goal planning instances for the human. To realize the IAS the very important issue of manipulation skill identification and analysis has to be solved, which then is stored in a Skill Data Base. Using this data base the IAS is able to perform complex manipulations on the motion control level and to assist the human operator flexibly. We propose a model for manipulation skill based on the dynamics of the grip transformation matrix, which describes the dynamic transformation between object space and finger joint space. Interaction with a virtual world simulator allows the calculation and feedback of appropriate forces through controlled actuators of the sensor glove with 10 degrees-of-freedom. To solve the sensor glove calibration problem, we learn the nonlinear calibration mapping by an artificial neural network(ANN). In this paper we also describe the experimental system setup of the skill acquisition and transfer system as a first approach to the IAS. Some simple manipulation examples and simulation results show the feasibility of the proposed manipulation skill model.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.253-258
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• 2007

The adsorption capacity of bone char for lead, cadmium and zinc was studied in both single and binary multiple component systems. Equilibrium experimental studies have been performed to determine the sorption capacity of bone char for each metal ion. These have been analysed using single and multi-component equilibrum models. The results show that the sorption of metal ions for multi-component systems can be predicted reasonably well from the IAS theory with the Langmuir equation, the Freundlich and the Slip equation for metal ions.

• Geotechnical Engineering
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.121-138
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• 1995

The Langmuir competitive model and the IAS(ideal adsorption solution) model were eveluated and compared in a multisolute adsorption study using five organic compounds (phenol, 2, 4-dichlorophenol, 2, 4, 6-trichlorophenot brucine, and thiourea) and two soils. The chemicals were evaluated individually and in mixtures. In general, the IfS model predicted the equilibrium concentration of a chemical in a mixture better than the Langmuir model. The Langmuir model underestimated the sorption of phenol when the concentration of another compound in a mixture with phenol was high. Neither of the models predicted satisfactorily the equilibrium concentration of thiourea in the mixtures. Thiourea is an aliphatic compound while the other four chemicals are aromatic compounds.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.237-254
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• 2021

Background: Some of the introduced alien species introduced settle, multiply, and spread to become invasive alien species (IAS) that threaten biodiversity. To prevent this, Korea and other countries legally designate and manage alien species that pose a risk to the environment. Moreover, 2160 alien species have been introduced in South Korea, of which 1826 animals and 334 plants are designated. The inflow of IAS can have negative effects such as ecosystem disturbance, habitat destruction, economic damage, and health damage to humans. To prevent damage caused by the inflow of IAS in advance, species that could potentially pose a risk to the environment if introduced in South Korea were designated as alert alien species (AAS). Results: The designation criteria were in accordance with the "Act on the Conservation and Use of Biological Diversity" and the "Regulations on the Ecological Risk Assessment of AAS and IAS" by the National Institute of Ecology. The analysis result of risk and damage cases indicated that mammals affect predation, competition, human economic activity, virus infection, and parasite infection. Birds have been demonstrated to affect predation, competition, human economic activity, and health. It was indicated that plants intrude on the ecosystem by competing with native species with their high-population density and capacity to multiply and cause allergic inducement. Interestingly, 300 species, including 25 mammals, 7 birds, 84 fishes, 28 amphibians, 22 reptiles, 1 insect, 32 spiders, 1 mollusk, 1 arthropod, and 99 plants, are included in the list of AAS. Conclusions: AAS designation plays a role in preventing the reduction of biodiversity by IAS in South Korea and preserving native species. Moreover, it is determined to provide considerable economic benefits by preventing socio-economic losses and ecological damage.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.47 no.5
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• pp.273-288
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• 2022

This study first classifies and organizes provisions on institutional arrangements (or IAs) and dispute settlement mechanism(or DSM) in a digital trade agreement. Then it conducts a case study on seven major digital trade agreements: the CPTPP, the USJDTA, the USMCA, the ASDEA, the RCEP, the KSDPA, and the DEPA. And it finally derives implications for Korea to improve implementation of DTAs by communicating better and resolving disputes efficiently with the help of IAs and DSM-related provisions. IAs of a digital trade agreement can be defined as a set of agreements on the division of the respective responsibilities of agencies involved in implementing and enforcing the agreement, including committees, working groups, or contact points. DSM of a digital trade agreement includes consultation, mediation, arbitration, and establishment of a panel. Comparing six FTAs with an e-commerce chapter, the CPTPP, the USMCA, and the RCEP contain the most advanced type of IA provisions while the CPTPP, the USMCA, the RCEP, and the KSDPA have that of DSM provisions. Korea is its initial stage as it has only signed the KSDPA with Singapore as well as it is about to launch a new digital trade negotiation for the DEPA, the CPTPP, and even the IPEF, it is necessary to engage in negotiations with a clearer position on behalf of Korean digital companies. As provisions on IAs and DSM are important policy tools that can reflect industry concerns and convey proposals in inter-governmental dialogue, a Korean draft of the IAs and DSM-related provision should be prepared in advance.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems Conference
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• 2007.04a
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• pp.189-192
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• 2007

This study proposes a Natural Language Query Framework (NLQF) on the semantic web to support the intelligent deduction at semantic level. A large number of former researches are focused on the knowledge representation on the semantic web. However, to revitalize the intelligent agent (IA)-based automated e-business contract with human customers, there is a need for semantic level approach to the web information. To enable accessing web information at semantic level, this paper discusses the pattern of complex natural language processing at first, and then the semantic web-based natural language inference in e-business environment. The NL-based approach could help the IAs on the web to communicate with customers and other IAs with more natural interface than traditional HTML-based web information. Therefore, our proposed NLQF will be used in semantic web-based intelligent e-business contracts between customers and IAs.

• Korean Management Science Review
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.143-162
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• 2002

The concept of revenue management have been used widely In the hotel and all transportation industries, and considered as a good system for managing a perishable asset. Recently, its' application area is being increasingly expanded to service industries such as the travel, the railway, the Internet and the sport industries. Internet business can be classified into several groups according to the characteristics of the individual business. One of groups is Internet Access Servoce business which connects each users to the internet. In this paper, since internet Access Services (IAS) business has a similar property to the service Industry, we will apply a revenue management concept to It. With some modification of existing model developed by Subramanian et.al. for airlines, we suggest the revenue management model being applied to IAS business. Computational experiment shows that the Increase of the revenue Is up to 7% by appluing our model. It means our model has a potential to manage IAS business effectively.