• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.641-651
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• 2008

Purpose: this study was to develop and test the structural model that explains husband and wife compatibility and family health of married middle-aged. A hypothetical model explaining husband and wife compatibility and family health based on literature reviews. There were three theoretical variables and twelve observed variables in hypothetical model. Methods: Data collection was carried out May through July 2005. Data were collected by self-reporting questionnaires from 854 married middle-aged who lived in Seoul, Busan, Daegu, Kyungnam, Kyungpook. Collected data was analyzed using SPSS/WIN 12.0 for descriptive statistics, Pearson Correlation coefficient, and Kolmogorov-Smirnov analysis. Results: LISREL program was used to find the best fit normal which assumes causal relationship among variables. This model was to be good fitting and parsimonious to measure husband and wife compatibility and family health of married middle-aged. Conclusion: Differentiation of self and husband and wife compatibility predicted level of family health. Therefore, a family health improvement program needs to include these two variables.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.829-840
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• 1999

This study was conducted to construct a hypothetical model of depression in Korean adolescent women and validate the fit of the model to the empirical data. The data were collected from 345 high school girls in Seoul, from May 1 to June 30, 1998. The instruments were the Body Mass Index, Physical Satisfaction Scale, Family Adaptatibility and Cohesion Evaluation Scale III, Family Satisfaction Scale, CES-D and School Adptation Scale. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics with the pc -SAS program. The Linear Structural Relationship(LISREL) modeling process was used to find the best fit model which would predict the causal relationships among the variables. The overall fit of the hypothetical model to the data was moderate ［X$^2$＝69.6(df＝17, p＝.000), GFI ＝0.95, AGFI＝0.90, RMR＝0.087, NNFI＝0.86, NFI＝0.90］. The predictable variables, especially menstrual symptoms, physical symptoms and family function, had a significant direct effect on depression. but school life adaptation did not have a significant direct effect. These variables explained 18.1% of the total variance.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.477-486
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• 2019

Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate the factors affecting health promotion behaviors in late school-aged children by establishing a hypothetical model based on the planned behavior theory. Methods: From July 19 to August 31, 2017, 460 questionnaires were distributed to fifth and sixth graders at three elementary schools in Korea, of which 318 were ultimately analyzed. Results: All the fit indices were shown to be appropriate, indicating satisfactory fit. In the final model, six of the nine paths included in the hypothetical model were supported. Specifically, perceived behavioral control had the most influence on intention, followed by subjective norms, self-esteem, and health knowledge. Intentions were the most influential factor for health-promoting behaviors, followed by self-esteem and health knowledge. Subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and self-esteem explained 57.6% of intention to engage in health promotion behaviors and 61.7% of variation in health promotion behaviors was explained by health knowledge, self-esteem and intention. Conclusion: The findings of this study provide support for a model that can be used to facilitate the practice of health promotion activities in children in the later years of school age.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Groundwater Environment
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.5-13
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• 1997

The Island of Cheju plans massive ground water development to meet predicted water demand. Effective management of ground water resources requires impact assessment study. Due to the nature of the island, effects of sea water must be considered. In this work, salt water intrusion, due to hypothetical ground water development in Eastern and Central Cheju Watersheds, is predicted using a sharp-interface model. The model considers simultaneously hydrodynamics of both freshwater and saltwater. The hypothetical ground water development was designed such that it follows closely the regional ground water development plan. The numerical model predicted that the saltwater wedge may intude over 1km depending on the location. This observation leaves doubt on impact assement studies based on freshwater-flow only modeling.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.490-500
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify factors influencing the outcome of psychosocial rehabilitation for persons with chronic mental illness and to suggest a hypothetical model of psychosocial rehabilitation which is based on the relationship between influencing factors and then to test its fitness empirically. Method: Data was collected from persons with a chronic mental illness using a self-report questionnaire, and from their case managers using an observed rating questionnaire. A total of 220 cases were used in the final analysis, and a hypothetical model was verified through covariance structure analysis using LISREL. Result: 1) The fitness indices of the model were $X^2=133.77$ (df=48, p=.00), GFI=0.93, AGFI=0.87, RMR=2.32, NNFI=0.95 and NFI=0.95. Twelve paths among fifteen proved to be significant. 2) Psychosocial rehabilitation was influenced directly by symptoms, daily living skill and self-concept, and was influenced indirectly by the psychosocial rehabilitation program service. Psychosocial rehabilitation accounted for 32% of variance of these factors. Conclusion: This study is expected to contribute to understanding the psychosocial rehabilitation phenomena. Besides it will provide basic information for developing strategies of bio-psycho-sociological interventions and evaluations in regard to influential factors of psychosocial rehabilitation.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.541-551
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• 2004

Purpose: This study was to identify the effects of the predictive factors of Internet addiction and to develop a predictive model that explains Internet addiction among adolescents in Korea. Method: Data was collected from 664 adolescents in Puasan and Ulsan. Data analysis was done using the SPSS 10.0 Win Program for descriptive and correlational statistics and the LISREL 8.53 Win Program for Covariance structural analysis. Result: The fit of the hypothetical model to the data was moderate, it was modified by deleting four paths. Compared to the hypothetical model, the revised one had a better fit to the data($\chi^2$/df=6.50, GFI=.99, AGFI=.90, RMR=.02, NNFI=.88, NFI=.98, CN=279). Gender, friend support, and loneliness had significant direct effects on Internet addiction. The direct and indirect effect of self-esteem on Internet addiction was significant. The indirect effect of family support on Internet addiction was significant but its direct effect was insignificant. The direct and indirect effects of stress and impulsiveness on Internet addiction were significant but their total effects were insignificant. Conclusion: Finally, to decrease loneliness, and to increase family support and self-esteem, an effective intervention program and education should be developed to prevent Internet addiction of adolescents.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.48 no.5
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• pp.521-533
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• 2018

Purpose: The aims of this study are to provide a theoretical framework for improving the self-care of adults with severe hypertension and to examine the practical suitability of a middle-range theory of self-care for chronic illness by validating the structural model. Methods: Data were collected at a university hospital in D metropolitan city from July 1 to August 14, 2015. A total of 224 Korean adult patients with severe hypertension were recruited. Data were analyzed using SPSS 22.0 and AMOS 22.0. Results: The results show that the fit index of the hypothetical model meets the recommended level; 7 out of 8 hypothetical model paths were statistically significant. Motivation, self-efficacy, support from others, and accessibility to care showed statistical significance and explained 67.3% of the self-care process. The self-care process explained 45.3%, 63.6%, and 26.5% of quality of life, health, and illness stability, respectively. Conclusion: This model can be used as a theoretical framework for improving self-care among adult Korean patients with severe hypertension. Moreover, the practical suitability and validity of the middle-range theory of self-care for chronic illness is secured.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.333-346
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was designed to test and develope the structural model that explains health promoting behaviors among college students in Korea. The hypothetical model was constructed on the Pender's Health promotion Model(l996) and the inclusion of some influential factors for life satisfaction. The conceptual framework was built around eight constructs. Exogenous variables included in the model were self-esteem, perceived health status, self-efficacy, internal locus of control, chance locus of control. powerful other locus of control. Endogenous variables were health promotion behaviors and life satisfaction. The results are as follows; 1. The overall fit of the hypothetical model to the data was moderate <$x^2$=4.18(df=11. p=0.041), GFI= 0.99, AGFI= 0.76, RMR= 0.019, CFI= 0.99, CN= 248.50> 2. Path and variable of the model were modified by considering both its theoretical implication and statistical significance of parameter estimates. Compared to the hypothetical model. the revised model has become parsimonious and had a better fit to the data expected in a chi-square value <$x^2$=8.43( df= 16, p=0.21), GFI= 0.99, AGFI= 0.92., RMR= 0.024, CFI= 0.99, CN= 312.01> 3. Some of the predictive factors. especially self efficacy. self esteem. powerful others locus of control. perceived health status revealed the direct effects on health promoting behaviors. Of these variables. self-efficacy was the most signigicant factor. These predictive variables of health promoting behaviors explained 59% of total variances in the model. 4. Health promoting behaviors, self-esteem. and perceived health status revealed direct effect on the life satisfaction. Self-efficacy was identified as an important variable that contributed indirectly to improve life satisfaction by enhancing health promoting behaviors. These predictive variables of life satisfaction explained 42% of total variances in the model. In conclusion. the derived model in this study is considered appropriate in explaining and predicting health promoting models and life satisfaction among college students in Korea and could effectively be used as a reference model for further studies by suggesting a direction in health promoting nursing practices.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.107-113
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• 2018

Maintaining adequate residual chlorine concentration is an important criteria to provide secure drinking water. The chlorine decay can be influenced by unstable flow due to the transient event caused by operation of hydraulic devices in the pipeline system. In order to understand the relationship between the transient event and the chlorine decay, the probability density function based on the water demand curve of a hypothetical water distribution system was used. The irregular transient events and the same number of events with regular interval were assumed and the fate of chlorine decay was compared. The chlorine decay was modeled using a generic chlorine decay model with optimized parameters to minimize the root mean square error between the experimental chlorine concentration and the simulated chlorine concentration using genetic algorithm. As a result, the chlorine decay can be determined through the number of transients regardless of the occurrence intervals.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.87-95
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• 2011

The urgent VAI(Vital Area Identification) method development is required since 'The Act of Physical Protection and Radiological Emergency' that is established in 2003 requires an evaluation of physical threats in nuclear facilities and an establishment of physical protection in Korea. The KAERI(Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute) has developed the VAI methodology and VAI software called as VIPEX(Vital area Identification Package EXpert) for identifying the vital areas. This study is to demonstrate the applicability of KAERI's VAI methodology to a hypothetical facility, and to identify the importance of information of cable and piping runs when identifying the vital areas. It is necessarily needed to consider cable and piping runs to determine the accurate and realistic TEPS(Top Event Prevention Set). If the information of cable and piping runs of a nuclear power plant is not considered when determining the TEPSs, it is absolutely impossible to acquire the complete TEPSs, and the results could be distorted by missing it. The VIPEX and FTREX(Fault Tree Reliability Evaluation eXpert) properly calculate MCSs and TEPSs using the fault tree model, and provide the most cost-effective method to save the VAI and physical protection costs.