• KOREAN POULTRY JOURNAL
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• v.31 no.5 s.355
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• pp.83-85
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• 1999

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.108-112
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• 1990

It was confirmed that extracts of some plants were used in folklore medicine as hypoglycemic agents. Of these plants is Azadirachta indica ("neem") which grows in tropical regions. The present study deals with biochemical effects of the "neem" leaf water extract given orally to experimental aminals, especially the hypoglycemic characteristics. Normals as well as alloxan diabetic rats have been used in this work. The results showed that the "neem" leaf extract produced some hypoglycemia in normal rats when given in two doses, while in diabetic rats there was a decrease in blood sugar, but it could not alleviate the diabetic in body weight loss and high percentage mortality, especially with a high dose. It was observed increased with concomitant decrease in the liver fat as compared to normal levels. There was also a drop in liver proteins which was dose-related. The results were compared wiht those obtained with an oral hypoglycemic drug (Glibenclamide).glycemic drug (Glibenclamide).

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.211-214
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• 2018

A 14-year-old intact female Yorkshire terrier was presented with a 2-month history of shivering, intermittent pelvic limb weakness and collapse. Biochemical abnormalities revealed inappropriately increased serum insulin concentration with persistent hypoglycemia. Abdominal ultrasound revealed multiple various sized nodules in liver and fine-needle aspirates of the nodule showed typical neuroendocrine cells with high cellularity. Computed tomography (CT) revealed well-defined hyperattenuating mass in the right pancreatic lobe with homogenous enhancement. CT findings were consistent with a pancreatic tumor with malignant metastasis. Treatment was initiated with low-dose prednisolone and toceranib phosphate. The dog was maintained stable with no more progression of clinical signs and it is worth to try toceranib phosphate in a dog with metastatic insulinoma for improving the quality of life.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.380-384
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• 2011

The chronic and acute effects of hyperglycemia affecting cognition and work are as important as those of hypoglycemia. Its impact, considering that majority of diabetic patients fail to reach therapeutic targets, would be potentially significant. Self monitoring of blood glucose, recognition of body cues and management interventions should be geared not only towards avoidance of disabling hypoglycemia, but also towards unwanted hyperglycemia. Over the long term, chronic hyperglycemia is a risk for cognitive decline. Acute episodes of hyperglycemia, above 15 mmol/L have also been shown to affect cognitive motor tasks. Maintaining blood sugar to avoid hyperglycemia in diabetic workers will help promote safety at work.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.113-117
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• 2021

Cocklebur poisoning in livestock can cause sudden death, with clinical signs include depression, inappetite, blindness, reluctance to move, hypersensitivity, ataxia and coma. The cause of cocklebur poisoning is ingestion of cocklebur sprout or seed, which contains carboxyatractyloside. In December 2020, a 47 month-old Hanwoo suddenly developed ataxia, and died after several hours. Hay mixed cocklebur seeds was fed to Hanwoo for 4 days before the symptoms. At autopsy, petechia and ecchymosis were seen on serous membrane of rumen and intestines. Peritoneal cavities contained a yellowish fluid and, hypoglycemia (Glu <20 mg/dL) was measured in blood test result. Microscopic lesions were karyolysis of centriloular hepatocyte and hemorrhage. Based on autopsy, blood and histopathological test, we diagnosed this case as cocklebur poisoning in Hanwoo.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.451-455
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• 2022

Glycogen storage disease (GSD) is a group of inherited disorders, which result in the deficiency of enzymes involved in glycogen metabolism, leading to an accumulation of glycogen in various organs. Deficiency of amylo-1-6-glicosidase (debranching enzyme) causes glycogen storage disease type III (GSD III). The main problems that anesthesiologists face in patients with GSD III include hypoglycemia, muscle weakness, delayed awakening due to abnormal liver function, possible difficulty in airway, and cardiomyopathy. In the face of these difficulties, airway preparation and appropriate glucose monitoring and support during the fasting period are important. The doses of the drugs to be used should be calculated considering the increased volume of distribution and decreased metabolic activity of the liver. We present the case of a child with GSD IIIa who underwent dental prosedation under general anesthesia. She was also being prepared for liver transplantation. This case was additionally complicated by the patient's serious allergic reaction to eggs and milk.

• Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.15-27
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• 2012

Purpose: To evaluate the applicability of Lasater Clinical Judgment Rubric (LCJR) as an evaluation tool for hypoglycemia simulation practicum on Korean nursing students. Methods: The methodological study was done to evaluate the reliability and validity of the LCJR. Based on Benner's 4 levels of nursing grading rubric, ten items of the LCJR was evaluated for interrater reliability and internal consistency. The content validity was tested by eight experts and concurrent validity was done by Clark (2006)'s clinical simulation grading rubric. Fifty five video-taped cases of senior nursing students in Y University were used for the reliability and concurrent validity of the LCJR. Results: The interrater reliability was r=.90 (p<.001); Kendall tau b=.87 (p <.001), and Cronbach's alpha was .90. A value of item content validity index of the LCJR was .97 and correlation coefficient between the LCJR and Clark's instrument was .90 (p<.001). The mean (${\pm}SD$) of the nursing students' clinical judgment was 2.04 (${\pm}50$). Conclusion: The LCJR is a useful tool to examine the simulation performance evaluation for improving competency among nursing students. The results indicated that the LCJR may provide valuable information regarding clinical judgment of nursing students and thus, suggested to use to develop a simulation-based education program.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.58 no.2
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• pp.69-72
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• 2015

Insulinoma, which arises from insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells, is a rare tumor in children. Only 5%-10% of insulinomas are malignant and undergo metastasis. We report a case of an 11-year-old girl who experienced hypoglycemia-related seizures induced by an insulinoma; after resection of the primary tumor, she developed hepatic focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH). Laboratory test results indicated marked hypoglycemia with hyperinsulinemia. Abdominal ultrasonography (US) and computed tomography results were normal; however, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a solid mass in the pancreatic tail. Therefore, laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy was performed. Two months after the surgery, an abdominal MRI revealed multiple nodular lesions in the liver. An US-guided liver biopsy was then performed, and histological examination revealed FNH without necrosis or mitotic activity. The patient has been free of hypoglycemia for 2 years, and recent MRI studies showed a decrease in the size of FNH lesions, without any evidence of metastasis. Even though no metastatic lesions are noted on imaging, close observation and follow-up imaging studies are required in a child with insulinoma that has malignant potential on histopathologic findings.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.181-189
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• 1988

Insulinoma is the most frequent endocrine tumor of the pancreas and the first of the endocrine-secreting tumor of the gut to be recognized by Nicholls in 1902. Recurrent episodes of hypoglycemia is the main cause of the symptoms and signs which were sweating, pallor, dizziness, habitual change, convulsion and coma. In 1935, Whipple and Frants were described so-called "Whipple's triad" : the patient's symptoms occur with fasting or exercise; at the time of symptoms, the serum glucose in 50mg/dl or less; and the symptoms are relieved by the administration of glucose. While these criteria were timely, they proved to be rather nonspecific and may be found in other conditions that result in fasting hypoglycemia. We experienced a 44-year-old female patient who had repeated attacks of convulsion, unconsciousness and coma for 3 years. Although she has been treated with anticonvulsant, the symptoms and signs were not disappeared. At the time of administration, she was a full coma state due to hypoglycemia and was dramatically reversed by intravenous administration of the glucose solution. The preoperative test such as provocative test, abdominal CT and celiac angiography revealed insulinoma and after enucleation the pathologic diagnosis was the same. We like to report a adult female patient with insulinoma and the review of literatures briefly.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.76-81
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• 2016

Carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A (CPT1A) is an enzyme functioning in mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation (FAO) of the liver. Patients with CPT1A deficiency have impaired mitochondrial FAO and display hypoketotic hypoglycemia and hepatic encephalopathy as typical manifestations. In this report, we present a case of CPT1A deficiency presenting jaundice as the first manifestation. A 1.9 years old boy showed jaundice and elevated levels of free and total carnitine were observed. From direct sequencing analysis of CPT1A, two novel mutations, c.1163+1G>A and c.1393G>A (p.Gly465Arg), were identified. At the age of 2.2 years, hypoglycemia, tachycardia, and altered mental status developed just after cranioplasty for craniosynostosis. High glucose infusion rate was required for recovery of his vital signs and mentality. Diet rich in high carbohydrate, low fat and inclusion of medium chain triglyceride oil resulted in improvement in cholestatic hepatitis and since then the boy has shown normal growth velocity and developmental milestones to date.