• 한국공간구조학회논문집
• /
• 제17권1호
• /
• pp.49-58
• /
• 2017

The result of the previous work leads to the idea that the inner area of the hyperbolic shell generator should be minimized for the cooling tower with higher first natural frequency. In this study the inner area of the hyperbolic shell generator was graphically established under varying height of the throat and angle of the base lintel. From the graph, several shell geometries were selected and analysed in the aspect of the natural frequency. Three representative towers reinforced differently due to different first natural frequencies were analysed non-linearly and evaluated using a damage indicator based on the change of natural frequencies. The results demonstrated that the damage behaviour of the tower reinforced higher due to a lower first natural frequency was not necessarily advantageous than the others.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• 제41권6호
• /
• pp.711-734
• /
• 2012

The foundation of a tall building frame resting on settable soil mass undergoes differential settlements which alter the forces in the structural members significantly. For tall buildings it is essential to consider seismic forces in analysis. The building frame, foundation and soil mass are considered to act as single integral compatible structural unit. The stress-strain characteristics of the supporting soil play a vital role in the interaction analysis. The resulting differential settlements of the soil mass are responsible for the redistribution of forces in the superstructure. In the present work, the nonlinear interaction analysis of a two-bay ten-storey plane building frame- layered soil system under seismic loading has been carried out using the coupled finite-infinite elements. The frame has been considered to act in linear elastic manner while the soil mass to act as nonlinear elastic manner. The subsoil in reality exists in layered formation and consists of various soil layers having different properties. Each individual soil layer in reality can be considered to behave in nonlinear manner. The nonlinear layered system as a whole will undergo differential settlements. Thus, it becomes essential to study the structural behaviour of a structure resting on such nonlinear composite layered soil system. The nonlinear constitutive hyperbolic soil model available in the literature is adopted to model the nonlinear behaviour of the soil mass. The structural behaviour of the interaction system is investigated as the shear forces and bending moments in superstructure get significantly altered due to differential settlements of the soil mass.

• Wind and Structures
• /
• 제23권1호
• /
• pp.59-73
• /
• 2016

In this paper, a hyperbolic shear deformation beam theory is developed for free vibration analysis of functionally graded (FG) sandwich beams. The theory account for higher-order variation of transverse shear strain through the depth of the beam and satisfies the zero traction boundary conditions on the surfaces of the beam without using shear correction factors. The material properties of the functionally graded sandwich beam are assumed to vary according to power law distribution of the volume fraction of the constituents. The core layer is still homogeneous and made of an isotropic material. Based on the present refined beam theory, the equations of motion are derived from Hamilton's principle. Navier type solution method was used to obtain frequencies. Illustrative examples are given to show the effects of varying gradients and thickness to length ratios on free vibration of functionally graded sandwich beams.

• 대한기계학회논문집
• /
• 제1권3호
• /
• pp.125-130
• /
• 1977

This is a dimensionless analysis of interior ballistics for the design of gun tube. One of the characteristics of this analysis is to ues the .ETA.$_{j}$ number which means a relative quantity of virtual work to the kimetic energy of projectile at the muzzle. In order to apply the concept of virtual work, it is assumed that the projectile is moved from the beginning to the end of bore under constant pressure of the certain travel distance of projectile. The principle of the analysis is induced from the Le Duc equation, which expresses velocity as a function of projectile travel and is based on the translation of a hyperbolic curve. From this non-dimensional analysis, the optimum design parameters of pressure in the bore, velocity and acceleration of projectile can be obtained from the table of figure without computation. This method was verified by the experimental work.k.

• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
• /
• 제20권10호
• /
• pp.29-38
• /
• 2019

연약지반 안정 및 침하관리에 있어 침하예측기술은 지속적으로 발전되어 공사비 절감과 정확한 토지사용 시기를 확인하는데 활용하고 있으나, 기존 예측방법인 쌍곡선법, Asaoka법, Hoshino법 등은 많은 계측기간이 경과되어야 정확한 침하예측이 가능하여 압밀초기 신속한 예측이 어려운 실정이다. 기존 예측방법이 침하곡선으로부터 산정한 기울기의 비례성 가정을 통해 장래침하량을 추정하는 사유로 판단된다. 본 연구에서는 시계열 분석기술 중 ARIMA 기법을 도입하여 기존예측방법과 비교 분석하였다. ARIMA 기법은 지반조건 구분 없이 예측 가능하였으며, 기존방법과 유사한 결과를 조기에 예측(최종침하) 할 수 있었다.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
• /
• 제24권4호
• /
• pp.337-348
• /
• 2021

Brillouin Optical Frequency Domain Analysis (BOFDA) is a distributed fiber optic sensing (DFOS) technique that has unique advantages for performance monitoring of piles. However, the complicated production process and harsh operating environment of offshore PHC pipe piles make it difficult to apply this method to pile load testing. In this study, sensing cables were successfully pre-installed into an offshore PHC pipe pile directly for the first time and the BOFDA technique was used for in-situ monitoring of the pile under axial load. High-resolution strain and internal force distributions along the pile were obtained by the BOFDA sensing system. A finite element analysis incorporating the Degradation and Hardening Hyperbolic Model (DHHM) was carried out to evaluate and predict the performance of the pile, which provides an improved insight into the offshore pile-soil interaction mechanism.

• 한국공간구조학회논문집
• /
• 제12권3호
• /
• pp.97-104
• /
• 2012

하이퍼볼릭 쉘로 구성된 냉각탑에서 쉘의 형상은 풍하중에 대하여 냉각탑 전체의 동적 거동에 민감하게 응답한다. 이에 따라 냉각탑 설계 시 기하형상의 결정은 매우 중요하며 일반적으로 고유진동수를 기반으로 하여 산정한다. 본 연구의 목적은 냉각탑 쉘의 구조적 거동에서 형상변수가 미치는 영향을 파악하고자 한다. 기존의 냉각탑 형상변수를 변화시켜 32개의 모델을 선정하였고 이를 1차 고유진동수를 기반으로 하여 분석한 후, 3개의 대표적인 형상을 선택하여 선형 해석을 수행하였다. 그 결과, 전체적으로 작은 반지름을 가지는 기하형상이 높은 1차 고유진동수를 나타내고 풍하중에 대하여 덜 민감한 시스템이 되는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
• /
• 제34권12호
• /
• pp.83-92
• /
• 2018

사면 구조물은 시간이 경과함에 따라 대상지반에서 각종 열화 현상이 진행되어 내구성의 저하로 인한 붕괴가 발생할 수 있으며, 사용 연한을 감소시키는 결과를 초래하게 된다. 이러한 지반 열화에 따른 사면안정에 대한 접근방안은 지반의 물리적 특성 및 기하학적인 구조에 국한하여 분석하는 기존의 한계 평형 해석과는 또 다른 개념이라 할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 사면의 열화 특성과 관련하여 각종 문헌 조사를 통하여 비교분석을 수행하고, 전단강도 저감에 대한 최적의 제안식들로서 지수함수, 로그함수 및 역쌍곡선 함수를 제시하고, 열화에 취약한 양산 단층대의 셰일층에서 붕괴가 발생한 경부고속철도 절토사면을 대상으로 사례분석을 실시하였다. 본 연구에서는 사례분석을 통하여 향후 열화로 인한 사면 안전성과 관련하여 정량적인 평가를 위한 최적의 강도 저하 곡선을 도출하고 한계평형해석에 의한 안정해석을 할 수 있는 접근 방법을 제시하였다.

• Coupled systems mechanics
• /
• 제3권3호
• /
• pp.267-289
• /
• 2014

A proper physical modeling of infilled building frame-foundation beam-soil mass interaction system is needed to predict more realistic and accurate structural behavior under static vertical loading. This is achieved via finite element method considering the superstructure, foundation and soil mass as a single integral compatible structural unit. The physical modelling is achieved via use of finite element method, which requires the use of variety of isoparametric elements with different degrees of freedom. The unbounded domain of the soil mass has been discretized with coupled finite-infinite elements to achieve computational economy. The nonlinearity of soil mass plays an important role in the redistribution of forces in the superstructure. The nonlinear behaviour of the soil mass is modeled using hyperbolic model. The incremental-iterative nonlinear solution algorithm has been adopted for carrying out the nonlinear elastic interaction analysis of a two-bay two-storey infilled building frame. The frame and the infill have been considered to behave in linear elastic manner, whereas the subsoil in nonlinear elastic manner. In this paper, the computational methodology adopted for nonlinear soil-structure interaction analysis of infilled frame-foundation-soil system has been presented.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
• /
• 제15권8호
• /
• pp.1165-1173
• /
• 2001

This paper deals with dynamic analysis of Pipeline Inspection Gauge (PIG) flow control in natural gas pipelines. The dynamic behaviour of PIG depends on the pressure differential generated by injected gas flow behind the tail of the PIG and expelled gas flow in front of its nose. To analyze dynamic behaviour characteristics (e.g. gas flow, the PIG position and velocity) mathematical models are derived. Tow types of nonlinear hyperbolic partial differential equations are developed for unsteady flow analysis of the PIG driving and expelled gas. Also, a non-homogeneous differential equation for dynamic analysis of the PIG is given. The nonlinear equations are solved by method of characteristics (MOC) with a regular rectangular grid under appropriate initial and boundary conditions. Runge-Kutta method is used for solving the steady flow equations to get the initial flow values and for solving the dynamic equation of the PIG. The upstream and downstream regions are divided into a number of elements of equal length. The sampling time and distance are chosen under Courant-Friedrich-Lewy (CFL) restriction. Simulation is performed with a pipeline segment in the Korea gas corporation (KOGAS) low pressure system. Ueijungboo-Sangye line. The simulation results show that the derived mathematical models and the proposed computational scheme are effective for estimating the position and velocity of the PIG with a given operational condition of pipeline.