• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.195-202
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• 2005

The effects of constituent amino acids of glutathione (GSH), glutamate (Glu), cysteine (Cys) and glycine (Gly), on GSH synthesis in lettuce seedlings were examined in this study. The GSH concentration of the seedlings was increased to 5.1-fold and 1.6-fold the concentration of the control in the first leaves and roots, respectively, by simultaneous application of these constituent amino acids (Glu+Cys+Gly) at 100 mg/l to the culture solution for two days. In the first leaves and roots of these seedlings, the concentration of GSH was 180.4 and 14.6 nmole/gFW, and non-essential amino acids including Glu, Cys and Gly occupied 93.2% and 84.0% of the total free amino acids, respectively. Application of Cys greatly increased the concentration of GSH in the roots, and application of 50 mg/l Cys increased it to 26.1-fold the concentration in the control. The activity of GSH synthetase was higher in the leaves than in the roots, whereas the activity of ${\gamma}$-glutamylcysteine synthetase was higher in the roots than in the leaves.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제50권
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• pp.215-224
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• 2023

Disinfecting water containing pathogenic microbes is crucial to the food safety of fresh green agricultural products. The UV-activated peracetic acid (UV/PAA) treatment process is an efficient advanced oxidation process (AOP) and a versatile approach to disinfecting waterborne pathogens. However, its effects on plant growth remain largely unknown. This study found that low-dose UV/PAA treatment induced moderate oxidative stress but enhanced the innate immunity of Arabidopsis against Pseudomonas syringae pv. (Pst) DC3000. When applied as water sources, 5- and 10-ppm UV/PAA treatments slightly reduced biomass and root elongation in Arabidopsis seedlings grown under hydroponic conditions. Meanwhile, treatments of the same doses enhanced defense against Pst DC3000 infection in leaves. Accumulation of hydrogen peroxide and callose increased in UV/PAA-treated Arabidopsis samples, and during the post-infection period, UV/PAA-treated seedlings maintained vegetative growth, whereas untreated seedlings showed severe growth retardation. Regarding molecular aspects, priming-related defense marker genes were rapidly and markedly upregulated in UV/PAA-treated Arabidopsis samples. Conclusively, UV/PAA treatment is an efficient AOP for disinfecting water and protecting plants against secondary pathogenic attacks.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.193-200
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• 2013

형광등이나 LED와 같은 인공광을 사용하는 식물공장(인공광 식물공장)은 계절에 상관없이 광, 온도 및 습도 등을 인위적으로 제어하면서 작물을 안정적으로 연중 생산할 수 있는 시스템이다. 본 연구에서는 수경재배 방식을 채택하고 있는 인공광 식물공장 시스템 내에서 엽채재배용 배양액을 이용한 방풍나물의 수경재배 가능성과 혼합광질이 생장에 미치는 영향을 검토하였다. 방풍나물은 청색과 적색 LED를 1:1 및 1:3의 비율로 혼합한 혼합광 조건에서 90일간 수행하였다. 광원의 광강도는 $100{\mu}mol/m^2/s$로 설정한 후 30일 간격으로 지상부 잎을 3회 수확하여 생장량을 조사하였다. 재배기간 동안 형광등과 LED의 혼합광 조사는 방풍나물 지상부 생장에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 재배개시 30일째 방풍나물 지상부 생체중 및 건물중은 형광등+청색+적색의 혼합광(청, 적색 혼합비율 1:3, FLBR13구)에 의한 영향을 받아, 대조구인 형광등 조사구(FL구)에 비해 각각 3.7배 및 2배 증가하였다. 또한 식물체당 전개엽수는 FLBR13구에서 형광등+청색+적색 혼합광(청, 적색 혼합비율 1:1) 조사구인 FLBR11구에 비해 유의하게 증가하였다. LED와 형광등을 혼합 조사한 처리구에서와 같이, 형광등을 혼합하지 않고 청색과 적색의 LED만을 혼합하여 조사한 처리구에서도 청색과 적색의 혼합비율이 1:1인 BR11구에 비해 적색광의 혼합비율을 3배 증가시킨 BR13구에서 방풍나물의 지상부 생장이 촉진되었다.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.166-172
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• 2003

양액재배용 배지의 국산화필요성과 양액재배에 이용된 폐암면 슬래브(PURS)를 재활용한 배지의 개발을 위하여 PURS 입자와 밤나무 파쇄 입자(CW)를 혼합한 배지에서 고추 플러그묘를 재배하여 배지로써의 효과를 알아보고자 본 실험을 수행하였다. 1 차 실험은 소독한 PURS 입자와 파쇄기로 파쇄한 후 6개월 동안 후숙한 뒤 2.8mm 또는 5.6mm 체로 친 CW를 100:0, 75:25, 50:30, 25:75, 또는 0:100 비율 (%, v/v)로 조합한 혼합배지에 고추묘의 생육을 조사하였다. 그리고 2차 실험은 소독한 PURS에 4 mm CW, 4 mm 소나무 파쇄 입자(PW), 코이어, 피트모스 그리고 펄라이트(소립)를 조합하여 20 가지로 조합한 혼합배지에서 실험식물의 생육을 조사하였다. 고추묘의 생육을 조사한 결과 1차 실험에서는 CW의 크기에 따른 생육은 유의적인 차이가 없었고, 대조구와 100% PURS 처리구에서 생육이 좋았다. 2차 실험에서는 PURS 100%나 이것에 피트모스, 코이어, 또는 펄라이트를 혼합한 구에서 대조구보다 양호한 생육을 보였다. 반대로 PURS와 피트모스나 코이어의 혼합비율이 낮고 CW의 혼합비율이 높아질수록 생육이 좋지 않았다. PURS 100% 처리구나 PURS에 코이어를 혼합했을 경우보다 피트모스를 혼합했을 경우가 더 양호했고, 목재입자의 경우는 피트모스보다 코이어를 혼합했을 경우가 더 좋은 결과를 보였다.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.251-259
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• 2018

스마트온실에서 사용하고 있는 다양한 종류의 수경배양액 관리와 관련하여 ICT 기술을 활용한 작물생육 기반 배양액 제어시스템 개발을 위하여, 본 연구에서는 작물 생육단계별 시용배양액의 성분변화를 모니터링하고 이들 실측 데이터를 바탕으로 한 클라우드 기반 데이터 분석시스템을 설계하였다. 수집한 데이터 분석 및 시스템 구축을 위하여 인공광 스마트 온실에서 사용하는 관행의 무기 배양액, 기존 액비 및 폐기 농업부산물 유래 제조액비 등 수종의 배양액을 공시하였으며, 수경재배 작물 생육단계별 시용 배양액내 성분 변화패턴을 모니터링하였다. 발색법에 의한 흡광광도법을 활용하여 $NH_3-N$, $NO_3-N$, $NO_2-N$, $SiO_2$, $PO_4^{3-}$ 및 Cu 등 총 9종의 성분농도 변화를 산출하고 작물의 기초 생육량을 조사하였다. 각 작물의 기초 생육량 데이터는 오픈스택 클라우드 시스템에서 생성된 가상머신(Virtual machine)에 관계형 데이터베이스를 구축하여 수집 항목별로 분류 저장하였다. 저장된 작물별 배양액의 성분변화와 생육량 데이터는 노드제이에스(Node. js) 웹 프레임워크(Framework)를 통해 매주 수집된 데이터를 가시화하여 제공한다. 클라우드 기반 데이터베이스를 구축을 통하여 배양액 성분 실측치 비교와 작물 생육상황은 사용자 스마트 디바이스(Smart devices)를 활용, 작물종과 배양액 성분을 순차적 선택하고, 각 데이터의 비교 및 분석을 시계열 그래프로 실험 결과를 가시화할 수 있도록 하였다. 본 연구에서 개발한 클라우드 기반 데이터 분석시스템 스마트온실내 수경배양액 성분변화 및 재배 작물의 생육을 정기적으로 모니터링한 실측치를 기반으로 데이터베이스를 구축한 것으로 시설재배지나 인공광 스마트온실 등 다양한 농업현장에서 생육관리를 위하여 활용할 수 있다.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.235-235
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• 2017

Chromium (Cr) toxicity is hazardous to the seed germination, growth, and development of plants. ${\gamma}$-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a non-protein amino acid and is involved in stress tolerance in plants. To investigate the effects of GABA in alleviating Cr toxicity, we treated eight-d-old mustard (Brassica juncea L.) seedlings with Cr (0.15 mM and 0.3 mM $K_2CrO_4$, 5 days) alone and in combination with GABA ($125{\mu}M$) in a semi-hydroponic medium. The roots and shoots of the seedlings accumulated Cr in a dose-dependent manner, which led to an increase in oxidative damage [lipid peroxidation; hydrogen peroxide ($H_2O_2$) content; superoxide ($O{_2}^{{\cdot}-}$) generation; lipoxygenase (LOX) activity], MG content, and disrupted antioxidant defense and glyoxalase systems. Chromium stress also reduced growth, leaf relative water content (RWC), and chlorophyll (chl) content but increased phytochelatin (PC) and proline (Pro) content. Furthermore, supplementing the Cr-treated seedlings with GABA reduced Cr uptake and upregulated the non-enzymatic antioxidants (ascorbate, AsA; glutathione, GSH) and the activities of the enzymatic antioxidants including ascorbate peroxidase (APX), monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glyoxalase I (Gly I), and glyoxalase II (Gly II), and finally reduced oxidative damage. Adding GABA also increased leaf RWC and chl content, decreased Pro and PC content, and restored plant growth. These findings shed light on the effect of GABA in improving the physiological mechanisms of mustard seedlings in response to Cr stress.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.171-176
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• 2009

본 연구는 토마토 수경재배에서 풋마름 병원균의 분포와 침입 및 전파경로를 구명하여 풋마름병 방제의 기초 자료를 얻고자 수행하였다. 배양액 재배시스템에서 토마토 풋미름병의 발생정도별로 배양액탱크, 배지, 폐액에서 병원균의 밀도를 검정한 결과 20% 정도 발병된 포장의 폐액에서는 19,000cfu/mL의 밀도로 검출되었으며 연작연수가 많을수록 병 발생이 심하였다. 토마토 펄라이트 수경재배시스템에서 토마토 풋마름병의 발생전파 과정은 최초 발생지점으로부터 좌우로 급속히 전파되었다. 토마토 풋마름병 발생포쟁에서 병원균의 유입경로를 추적한 결과 육묘 중에 감염되는 경우와 웹스 주변의 이병된 토양에서 감염되는 경우로 크게 두 가지 방법으로 유입되는 것으로 생각된다. 또한 시판용 토마토 종자에서는 풋마름병원균이 검출되지 않았다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.643-653
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• 2022

This study investigated which nutrient solution is suitable for growth and secondary metabolite contents when three different vegetable plants are grown simultaneously in one hydroponic cultivation bed. Seeds of pak choi (Brassica compestris L. ssp chinsensis), red mustard (Brassica juncea L.), and arugula (Eruca sativa Mill.) were sown in the shape of a triangle in three places on rockwool cubes. The rockwool cubes were placed in semi deepflow technique (semi-DFT) hydroponic systems in a rooftop greenhouse after three weeks of growth as seedlings then cultivated with four different nutrient solutions, Korea Horticultural Experiment Station (KHE), Hoagland, Otsuka-A, and Yamazaki, at the rooftop greenhouse for two weeks. The leaf area of pak choi cultivated in Otsuka-A was the largest but SPAD values, leaf area, and fresh weight of arugula were highest with KHE treatment. The total glucosinolate (GSL) content of pak choi was 151.7% higher in KHE than in Hoagland, and there was no significant difference in Yamazaki and Otsuka-A treatments. The total GSL content of red mustard was 34.6 μmol·g^-1 in Hoagland, and it was 32.6% higher in Hoagland than in Yamazaki. Total GSL content of arugula was 57.5% higher in Yamazaki and Hoagland nutrients than in KHE and Otsuka-A nutrients solutions. The total GSL content of three plants grown with KHE was 40.7% higher than with Yamazaki, and the other nutrient solutions did not show significant differences. Therefore, KHE nutrient solution is considered suitable for nutrient solution composition for the cultivation of three different Brassicaceae crops in a single hydroponic cultivation system.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.201-206
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• 1999

For the mass production of plug seedlings in cultivar ‘Dejima’ potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) the optimal apical cutting diameter for rooting and rapid multiplication of stem cuttings in hydroponics were determined. In addition, the best planting date was predicted to increase tuber yield of plug seedlings at fall cropping in Cheju-Do, Korea. Days to initial rooting decreased as the cutting diameter was reduced. Plant height, leaf number, root length and root weight per plant were favorable as the cutting diameter was small. The ideal cutting diameter was 1-2 mm in this experiment. In the hydroponic cultures, the Japanese standard (JS) nutrient solution was the most effective for multiplication of stem cuttings. It was able to propagate more than 20 times a month from a single mother plant. Viability of plants, which were derived from plug seedlings using stem cuttings, was excellent when transplanted to the field. The number of tubers and tuber yield in both of the plug seedlings and seed potato planting plots were high when planted on 25 August. The number and yield were reduced when planted on 15 August, 5 September and 15 September. The degree of decrease of tuber yield in the plug seedling planting plot however, was lower than that of seed potatoes when the planting date was late. In the case of small tubers (under 30 g), the number of tubers and tuber yield were evidently increased in the seed potato tuber planting plot; the yield of large tuber (over 80g) in the plug seedling planting plot was higher than that of the seed potato. The total tuber yield per plant in the plug seedling planting plot was less than that of the seed potato; therefore, in order to increase tuber yield it was necessary to increase field plant density.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.411-420
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• 2006

Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) biosynthesis by bacteria occurs widely in rhizospheres. Bacterial species able to synthesize IAAmay be exploited for beneficial interactions in crop management systems. The objective of this study was to determine the response of ivyleaf morningglory (Ipomoea hederacea) seedlings to IAA and to an IAA-producing rhizobacterum, Bradyrhizobium japonicum isolate GD3. IAA solution and isolate GD3 suppression of seedling growth measured as radicle length and biomass depended on IAA concentration. Seedling radicle length was significantly reduced by ca. 29% with more than $1.0{\mu}M$ of IAA solution, compared to the control, 48 h after application. The cell concentration at 50% growth reduction ($GR_{50}$) of the seedling radicle was IAA production by isolate GD3 at $10^{4.82}\;cfu$, the cell concentration for 50% growth reduction ($GR_{50}$) of seedling radicle was 0.24 iM, which was much lower than the IAA solution concentration ($117.48{\mu}M$) required for $GR_{50}$. Therefore, excess IAA production by isolate GD3 may be more detrimental to morningglory radicle growth than standard IAA solution. Results confirmed involvement of IAA in suppressive effects of isolate GD3 on morning-glory seedlings grown in a hydroponic system.