• 한국산학기술학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국산학기술학회 2009년도 춘계학술발표논문집
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• pp.885-887
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• 2009

고속도로 교량이나 성토지역 노면이 제공하는 자연적인 위치에너지(동력)를 활용하여 수리학적인 입자상 오염물질 분리장치를 실험실 조건에서 운전한 결과 운전압력 0.5기압(수두 5.6m) 이상에서 90% 이상의 제거효율을 보였다. $D_{50}$는 약$45{\mu}m$이었는데 입자의 크기가 $45{\mu}m$ 보다 굵은 입자는 거의 대부분 제거되지만 $45{\mu}m$보다 작은 입자의 제거는 쉽지 않음을 시사해주고 있다. 이러한 입자를 제거하기 위한 후속장치가 필요하며 장치의 원활한 운전을 위해서 유지관리문제에 대한 치밀한 검토가 필요하다.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2017

Drag torque reduction in a wet clutch pack is a key aspect of the design process of the dual clutch transmission (DCT) system. In order to reduce the drag torque caused by lubricant shear resistance, recently developed wet clutch pack systems of DCT, as well as automatic transmission and other four-wheel drive (4WD) couplings, frequently utilize wavy wet clutch pads. Therefore, wavy shape of friction pad are made on the groove patterns like waffle pattern for the reduction of drag torque. Additionally, the groove patterns are designed with larger channels at several locations on the friction pad to facilitate faster outflow of lubricant. However, channel performance is a function of the waviness of the friction pad at the location of the particular channel. This is because the discharge sectional area varies according to the waviness amplitude at the location of the particular channel. The higher location of the additional channel on the friction pad results in a larger cross-sectional area, which allows for a larger flow discharge rate. This results in reduction of the drag torque caused by the shear resistance of DCTF, because of marginal volume fraction of fluid (VOF) in the space between the friction pad and separator. This study computes the VOF in the space between the friction pad and separator, the hydrodynamic pressure developed, and the shear resistance of friction torque, by using CFD software (FLUENT). In addition, the study investigates the dependence of these parameters on the location and waviness amplitude of the channel pattern on the friction pad. The paper presents design guidelines on the proper location of high waviness amplitude on wavy friction pads.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.71-78
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• 2017

The drag torque in the wet clutch system of a dual clutch transmission system is investigated because it is relatively high, up to 10 of the total output torque of the engine, even when the clutch is in the disengagement state with zero torque transfer. Drag torque results from the shear resistance of the DCTF between the friction pad and separator plate. To reduce the drag torque for ensuring fuel economy, the groove pattern of the wet clutch friction pad is designed to have a high flow rate through the pattern groove. In this study, four types of groove patterns on the friction pad are designed. The volume fraction of the DCTF (VOF) and hydrodynamic pressure developments in the gap between the friction pad and separator plate are computed to correlate with the computation of the drag torque. From the computational results, it is found that a high VOF and hydrodynamics increase the drag torque resulting from the shear resistance of the DCTF. Therefore, a patterned groove design should be used for increasing the flow rate to have more air parts in the gap to reduce the drag torque. In this study, ANSYS FLUENT is used to solve the flow analysis.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.658-668
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• 1999

The objective of the present study is to investigate the effect of experimental parameters on the hydrodynamic characteristics in a horizontal tee-type evaporator using R-22. The experimental apparatus consisted of an unheated tee-type test section, a liquid-vapor separator, a preheated, mass flow meters, a plate heat exchanger, pump, and other measurement devices. The experimental parameters were mass flux(500 and 600kg/$m^2$s), inlet quality(0.1~0.3) and separation ratio(0.3~0.7). Absolute pressure at the inlet of the test section was 0.652 MPa. The branch-to-inlet inner diameter ratio was 0.61. Pressure gradient at the branch section was larger than that at the run section at the same separation ratio. Pressure drop per unit length increased at the run section and decreased at the branch section as the separation ratio increased. Pressure drop predicted by the separated flow model agreed with experimental data within -35 to +16%. Generally, predicted values showed similar trend with the data. Mass flow ratio of vapor refrigerant was affected by the inlet quality more than the mass flux.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.256-262
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• 2009

도시지역 비점오염부하를 저감하는 장치 중에서 수리동력학적 분리장치(HDS)는 가장 많이 이용되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 HDS장치 유형 중에서 Vortex Screen 장치를 실험실 규모로 개발 및 제작하여 강우유출수 처리특성을 분석하였다. 강우유출수내 입자물질을 모의하기 위하여 실험에 사용한 시료는 합류식 하수관거의 맨홀 바닥 퇴적물질, 도로변 측구의 퇴적물질, 소각장 fly ash, polyvinyl chloride (PVC)분말 등의 시료를 대상으로 하였다. 유입유량의 변화를 주었을 때 처리장치 본체에서 약 2분이 경과한 후 안정된 상태에서 유입수와 유출수 시료를 동시에 채수하였다. 수면적부하율은 110∼1,550 $m^3/m^2$ day의 범위로 운전하였으며, 유입수 SS농도의 범위는 141~1,986 mg/L로 하였다. Vortex Screen을 이용하여 다양한 입경과 밀도들 가진 입자들을 대상으로 수면적부하율과 하부배출유량비를 운전조건으로 하여 처리특성을 분석한 결과 제거효율에 영향을 주는 인자 중, 월류유량에 대한 하부배출유량 비율($Q_U/Q_O$), $Q_U/Q_O$값이 10%에서 20% 증가 시 SS 제거효율은 6% 증가하는 특성을 나타내었다. 도시지역의 대표적인 입경을 가진 퇴적물질 125<$d_p$<300 ${\mu}m$를 대상으로 처리능을 분석한 결과 SS, COD 제거효율 범위는 각각 68.0~ 81.0%, 53.1~71.9%를 나타내었다. 수면적 부하율이 증가함에 따라 처리효율은 유입부 유도판을 설치한 경우가 설치하지 않은 경우보다 10~20% 향상되는 것으로 분석되었다.