• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제43권7호
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• pp.408-414
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• 2006

Properties of slag cement that contained 50 wt% of blast furnace slag were studied when replaced blast furnace slag powder with electric arc furnace slag powder. Electric arc furnace slag was aged for about 2 months in the air by being crushed to be 1-3 mm in size. As a result of the experiment, it was proven that the water content for obtaining the same consistency became decreased as slag is replaced with electric arc furnace slag instead of blast furnace slag. Also, the workability of mortar increased about 30% at the same ratio of water to binder when blast furnace slag was completely replaced with electric arc furnace slag. The compressive strength of mortar on the 28 days increased when a slag replacement rate became 10 wt%, however, it rather decreased when the slag replacement rate exceeded 10 wt%. The heat of hydration became higher for the first 14 h in case of the replacement of slag cement by electric arc furnace slag. Yet, it decreased when 14 h had passed. Therefore, when all blast furnace slag was replaced with electric arc furnace slag, about 15 cal/g heat of hydration decreased when it passed about 72 h.

• 한국건축시공학회지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.101-108
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• 2007

Furnace slag powder used currently in Korea needs to add special functions in response to the increase of large-scale projects. In addition, it is advantageous in that it has a lower hydration heat emission rate than ordinary Portland cement and improves properties such as the inhibition of alkali aggregate reaction, watertightness, salt proofness, seawater resistance and chemical resistance. However, furnace slag powder is not self -hardening, and requires activators such as alkali for hydration. Accordingly, if recycled fine aggregate, from which calcium hydroxide is generated, and furnace slag, which requires alkali stimulation, are used together they play mutually complementary roles, so we expect to use the mixture as a resource-recycling construction material. Thus the present study purposed to examine the properties and characteristics of furnace slag powder and recycled aggregate, to manufacture recycled fine aggregate concrete using furnace slag and analyze its performance based on the results of an experiment, to provide materials on concrete using furnace slag as a cement additive and recycled fine aggregate as a substitute of aggregate, and ultimately to provide basic materials on the manufacturing of resource-recycled construction materials using binder and fine aggregate as recycled resources.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2004년도 학술대회지
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• pp.33-38
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• 2004

This study was performed to know watertightness and reduction effect and crack occurred by hydration heat, restraint of multiplication of hydration heat, through mechanical test, strength test and crack control test using fluosilicate salt based inorganic compound made from by-product during phosphoric acid manufacturing process. Mix proportions for experiment were modulated at 0.45 of water to cement ratio and $0.5-2.0\%$ of adding ratio of fluosilicate salt based inorganic compound. Evaluation for watertightness of concrete was carried out permeability, absorption test and porosity analysis. Effect of crack reduction was evaluated by length, drying shrinkage as well as stress change of hardened concrete at unrestraint/restraint state and also elucidated crack pattern on the concrete surface. It is ascertained that characteristics of crack resistance and watertightness for concrete was improved by an adequate addition of fluosilicate salt based inorganic compound.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제50권1호
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• pp.18-24
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• 2013

This study was conducted to recycle fly ash containing an abundance of CaO generated from combustion in a circulating layer as a carbon storage medium. The study utilized XRD, TG-DTA and XRF analyses during the hydration of fly ash and identified calcium substances within fly ash that could be used in a carbonation process. $Ca^{2+}$ ions in the calcium substances were easily converted to hydrates. A carbonation experiment was done, which used the method of $CO_2$ gas injection to produce suspensions by mixing fly ash with distilled water. The results were analyzed using TG-DTA, XRD, and pH meter measurements. The study was able to verify that the reaction was completed at a $CO_2$ flow rate of 300cc/min approximately 30 minutes after an injection into a solution with a solid-liquid ratio of 1 : 10 of fly ash and distilled water. Moreover, the stirring time of the suspensions did not influence the reaction, and the reaction time was found to diminish as the portion of the fly ash became smaller. Thus, this study produced carbon storage fly ash having a $CO_2$ storage rate of about 71% through the utilization of the CaO content contained within fly ash.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2001년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.731-736
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• 2001

In this thesis, the study on controlling of cracks of concrete box culvert in early ages is presented. The optimum construction method and economical analysis were proposed also through the experiment of the material and field test. As a result of the experiment of the material, using fly ash, CSA expansive agent and BELITE cement(type IV) showed good result in the control of cracks induced by heat of hydration and shrinkage. As a result of construction test analysis, the maintenance time of form system did not show a big difference in controlling of cracks. Control of distribution of reinforcement, spacing of expansion joint and use of BELITE cement showed big differences in the control of cracks in early ages. As a result of economical analysis, control of construction variables before construction can make it possible to reduce the repair expense.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.15-20
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• 1988

In this study, the specimens of cement clinker minerals such as 80C3-S-15C4AF-5C3A added various blending materials were immersed in artificial seawater. In order to ascertain the effect of SO3 and blending materials on seawater resistance of the specimens, the acceleration experiment in the artificial seawater was carried out by repeating of immersion and drying operation periodically. As inner part of the specimen immersed in artificial seawater, Friedel's salt was produced by reaction with Cl ion. In outer part of the specimen, gypsum and ettringite were mainly formed. With the increase of SO3 content in the specimen the formation of ettringite was increased and Frieldel's salt in inner part was decreased. Total pore volume of the specimens was increased according to the amount of Cl ion penetrated and Mg(OH)2 leached in the solution.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2020년도 가을 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.73-74
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• 2020

Predicting the compressive strength of concrete is important for shortening construction time and reducing construction costs. In this study, the coefficients required for maturity method and compressive strength prediction equation were calculated by measuring the cement hydration reaction rate, concrete setting time and ultimate strength. The experiment was conducted in an isothermal environment of 10℃, 20℃ and 30℃ using a normal Portland cement, and the experiment was conducted with a total of 9 levels of W/C (40%, 50%, 60%) of 3 levels for each temperature. As a result of comparing the predicted strength and the measured strength for each blend, only an error of less than 5% was found for all blending and curing periods.

• 한국건설순환자원학회논문집
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.204-210
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• 2022

시멘트는 건설산업 분야에서 주된 이산화탄소의 원인으로 지목되고 있다. 시멘트의 제조과정에서 나오는 이산화탄소를 저감하기 위해 시멘트 대체재로 산업부산물인 고로슬래그를 사용하는 연구가 진행 중이다. 고로슬래그를 시멘트 대체재로 사용할 경우 장기강도 증진과 내화학성 향상 등의 장점을 지니고있다. 하지만 고로슬래그는 초기강도 저하의 문제점을 지니고 있다. 이는 고로슬래그의 생산과정에서 만들어지는 표면의 불투성 피막이 원인이다. 생성된 피막은 알칼리 환경에서 파괴되는 것으로 알려져 있으며, 이를 바탕으로 선행연구에서는 다양한 알칼리 자극제를 사용한 해결방안을 제시해왔다. 알칼리 자극제는 강알칼리성 물질이기 때문에 위험성이 존재하며, 비용이 고가인 단점을 가지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 고로슬래그의 초기 수화반응성을 향상시켜 고로슬래그를 치환한 모르타르의 초기강도를 확보함과 동시에 탄산화 저항성 증가 여부를 확인하기 위한 실험을 진행하였다. 실험결과, 알칼리 수를 활용한 모르타르가 일반 배합수를 사용한 모르타르에 비해 높은 강도발현을 보였으며, 내부에 더 많은 수화생성물이 있음을 확인했다. 또한, 알칼리 수를 배합수로 활용한 모르타르가 탄산화 저항성이 높은 것을 확인하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.25-34
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• 1984

This experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of monosaccharides extracted by saturated portland cement solution on the cement setting in comparision with the inhibitory index (I) of each lignocellulosic-cement system. The wood species which have been widely reforested in Korea, Populus alba-grandulosa, Larix leptolepis, Abies holophylla, Pinus koraiensis, Pinus rigida, Pinus densiflora and agricultural wastes of rice husk and rice stalk were used at this study. The wood meal, 0.50g on dry weight basis, through 0.83 mm(20 mesh) and retained on 0.35mm (40 mesh) screen was extracted by 25 ml saturated portland cement solution and the pH of saturated portland cement solution Was 12.7. To eliminate cation exsisting in the extracted solution, the cation exchange column was used (Fig. 4). Afterwards the extracted monosaccharides were reduced into alditols with sodium borohydride and analyzed by the gas-liquid chromatography for xylan, mannan, arabinan, galactan, gluean. The heat of cement hydration for lignocellulosic-cement system was measured in Dewar flask (Fig. 2). And then the inhibitory indices were calculated from maximum hydration temperature, time and maximum slops of hydration curve of ligno cellulosic-cement systems. The results obtained were as follows; (1) The inhibitory index of pines-Pinus rigida (I=29.33) and Pinus densiflora (I=35.76), were lower than that of poplar-Populus alba-glandulosa (I=41.48), and the index of Larix ieptoiepis (I=73.00) was the highest among eight lignocellulosic-cement systems, and accordingly both Pinus rigida and Pinus des(flora were seemed to be good wood species for wood-cement composite manufacture. (2) In case of Pinus rigida, the inhibitory index was 29.33 and the ratio of the hexoses to the pemoses was 6.04 and in case of Larix leptolepis, the index and the ratio were 73.00 and 35.19, respectively. Therefore the inhibitory index increased with increasing the ratios of the hexoses to the pentoses. (3) The richer amount of xylose and mannose in species caused decreasing the slops of the hydration curve of the lignocellulosic-cement system, prohahly due to the chemical adsorption of the acetyl groups in the hemicellulose on the surface of cement grains. (4) The amoun of xylose and mannose were significant to the inhibitory index of each lignocellulosic-cement system but any specific relation between the amount of glucose and inhibitory index was not found.

• 한국터널지하공간학회 논문집
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.175-186
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• 2023

처분공 내에 위치한 완충재는 사용후핵연료로부터 발산된 고온의 붕괴열과 지하수에 노출되며, 이와 같은 가열-수화를 포함한 처분환경 하의 완충재의 열-수리-역학-화학적 상호작용은 완충재의 장기적 성능과 건전성에 핵심적으로 작용하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 처분환경 조건에서 완충재의 가열-수화 특성 및 지하수 지화학 조건을 고려한 벤토나이트의 열-수리-역학-화학적(Thermal-Hydraulic-Mechanical-Chemical, 이하 THMC) 복합거동 특성 규명을 위한 실험실 규모의 Lab.THMC 실험시스템을 개발하였다. 본 실험시스템은 스페인 CIEMAT의 열-수리-역학 복합거동 실험장치를 토대로 개발되었으며, 화학적 특성을 달리한 지하수 주입 조건에서 벤토나이트 완충재의 가열-수화 특성을 파악하고 응력 변화를 계측함으로써 열-수리-화학적 변화에 따른 역학적 성능 변화 특성을 규명하는 것을 목표로 한다. 본 기술논문에서는 개발된 Lab.THMC 실험시스템의 설계 및 구성을 간략하게 소개하고, 장치 검토 및 주요 변수설정을 위해 수행된 예비실험 결과와 차후 연구계획에 대해 정리하였다.