• 제목/요약/키워드: Hybrid Methods

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Web을 이용한 임상미생물 화상 CAI 시스템의 구현 (Implementation of Clinical Microbiology Images CAI System Using Web)

  • 구봉오;신용원
    • 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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    • 제4권4호
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    • pp.45-51
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    • 2004
  • 현재의 교육 소프트웨어가 기존의 전통적인 하이퍼미디어 기법이나 계층적 기법에 의존하고 있기 때문에, 컴퓨터 기술의 발전에도 불구하고 교육 소프트웨어 개발 수는 점점 감소하고 있다. 따라서, 기존 방식들의 장점을 살리면서 그 한계를 극복하기 위해서는 기존 방식들의 하이브리드형인 구조화된 하이퍼미디어 링크기법이 최근 문헌들에서 제안되고 있다. 이 기법은 기존 기법들과 비교하여 학습자의 성취도와 학습 능력에 따른 다양한 수준의 개별화 학습이 가능하기 때문에 교육적 효과가 높은 것으로 나타나고 있다. 임상미생물 검사실에서 수행하는 그람 염색(Gram-stain) 검사와 같은 세균 성상에 관한 교육은 체계적인 방법에 의존하는 것이 아니라 기존의 병리사가 업무수행 과정 중 간헐적으로 신규 병리사에게 자신이 교육에 적당하다고 판단되는 현미경시야를 보여주는 방식으로 행해져 왔으며 이 때문에 신규 병리사의 교육에 상당한 기간이 필요했다. 본 연구에서는 학습 화면간의 의미론적 연관성에 따라 링크의 존재여부가 결정되는 논리적으로 구조화된 기법을 사용하여 임상미생물 검사실에서 보다 객관적이고 체계적인 데이터를 기반으로 많은 병리사들이 그람 염색검사에 관해 학습하고 신규 병리사들을 교육할 수 있도록 Web환경에서 멀티미디어 저작도구를 사용한 임상미생물 화상CAI 시스템을 구현하였다. 구현된 CAI 프로그램은 그람 염색 검사를 기반으로 하여 다른 여러 검사 방법에도 적용함으로써 임상 병리사들에게 유용한 프로그램으로 자리잡게 될 것이다.

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유통업체의 부실예측모형 개선에 관한 연구 (Performance Evaluation and Forecasting Model for Retail Institutions)

  • 김정욱
    • 유통과학연구
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    • 제12권11호
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    • pp.77-83
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    • 2014
  • Purpose - The National Agricultural Cooperative Federation of Korea and National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Korea have prosecuted both financial and retail businesses. As cooperatives are public institutions and receive government support, their sound management is required by the Financial Supervisory Service in Korea. This is mainly managed by CAEL, which is changed by CAMEL. However, NFFC's business section, managing the finance and retail businesses, is unified and evaluated; the CAEL model has an insufficient classification to evaluate the retail industry. First, there is discrimination power as regards CAEL. Although the retail business sector union can receive a higher rating on a CAEL model, defaults have often been reported. Therefore, a default prediction model is needed to support a CAEL model. As we have the default prediction model using a subdivision of indexes and statistical methods, it can be useful to have a prevention function through the estimation of the retail sector's default probability. Second, separating the difference between the finance and retail business sectors is necessary. Their businesses have different characteristics. Based on various management indexes that have been systematically managed by the National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Korea, our model predicts retail default, and is better than the CAEL model in its failure prediction because it has various discriminative financial ratios reflecting the retail industry situation. Research design, data, and methodology - The model to predict retail default was presented using logistic analysis. To develop the predictive model, we use the retail financial statements of the NFCF. We consider 93 unions each year from 2006 to 2012 to select confident management indexes. We also adapted the statistical power analysis that is a t-test, logit analysis, AR (accuracy ratio), and AUROC (Area Under Receiver Operating Characteristic) analysis. Finally, through the multivariate logistic model, we show that it is excellent in its discrimination power and higher in its hit ratio for default prediction. We also evaluate its usefulness. Results - The statistical power analysis using the AR (AUROC) method on the short term model shows that the logistic model has excellent discrimination power, with 84.6%. Further, it is higher in its hit ratio for failure (prediction) of total model, at 94%, indicating that it is temporally stable and useful for evaluating the management status of retail institutions. Conclusions - This model is useful for evaluating the management status of retail union institutions. First, subdividing CAEL evaluation is required. The existing CAEL evaluation is underdeveloped, and discrimination power falls. Second, efforts to develop a varied and rational management index are continuously required. An index reflecting retail industry characteristics needs to be developed. However, extending this study will need the following. First, it will require a complementary default model reflecting size differences. Second, in the case of small and medium retail, it will need non-financial information. Therefore, it will be a hybrid default model reflecting financial and non-financial information.

차량 현가장치적용 100W급 선형발전기의 다양한 구조 특성 (A Study on Various Structural Characteristics of 100W Linear Generator for Vehicle Suspension)

  • 김지혜;김진호
    • 한국산학기술학회논문지
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    • 제19권4호
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    • pp.683-688
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    • 2018
  • 최근 하이브리드 전기자동차의 보급 확대에 따라 전기에너지 수요가 증가하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 전기에너지 수요에 대응하기 위해 에너지 하베스팅 기술을 이용해 자가발전이 가능한 3가지 구조의 현가장치 적용 선형 발전 시스템을 ANSYS MAXWELL을 사용하여 전자기 시뮬레이션을 통해 각 구조의 발전 특성을 비교 분석 하였다. 다음으로 각 모델에 대해 상용 PIDO(Process Integration and Design Optimization)툴인 PIAnO(Process Integration, Automation and Optimization)을 사용하여 최적설계를 수행하였다. 3가지 설계변수를 선정하여 실험계획법 기법 중 직교 배열표(Orthogonal Array)를 이용해 도출한 18개의 실험 점에 대해 전자기 해석을 통해 완성한 실험계획법을 바탕으로 근사 모델을 생성하였으며 진화 알고리즘(Evolutionary Algorithm)을 이용한 최적 설계를 수행하였다. 마지막으로 초기 모델과 동일한 해석 조건을 사용해 최적 설계 결과 모델에 대한 전자기 시뮬레이션을 통해 최적설계 결과를 검증 하였다. 각 선형 발전기 모델에 대해 최적의 구조에 대한 발전 특성을 비교한 결과 8pole-8slot, 12pole-12slot, 16pole-16slot 구조에서 최대 발전량은 각각 366.5W, 466.7W, 579.7W로 slot, pole 조합 수가 많아질수록 발전량이 증가하는 결과를 확인하였다.

국내 학술지 저작권 및 오픈액세스 정책 안내시스템 모형 연구 (A Study on A Model Sample for Guidance System for Copyright of Domestic Journals and Open Access Policy)

  • 김규환
    • 한국도서관정보학회지
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    • 제47권4호
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    • pp.265-288
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    • 2016
  • 이 연구는 국내 학술지 저작권 및 오픈액세스 정책 안내시스템 모형안을 제안하고자 하였다. 이를 위해서 먼저 국내 학술지 논문의 저작권 정책 및 오픈액세스 현황을 조사 분석하였다. 분석결과, 국내 학술지의 경우 33.8% 정도만이 '학술지 논문의 권리귀속 규정'을 가지고 있었고 국내 학술지 논문의 권리귀속 주체로는 학회가 28.8%로 가장 높은 비율을 차지하고 있었다. 그리고 국내 학술지 중 34% 정도가 구독료를 지불해야 하는 Toll access 학술지이었으며 56% 정도가 무료접근이 가능한 학술지(Open Access 학술지, Hybrid Access 학술지)인 것으로 나타났다. 다음으로 국외 학술지 저작권 및 오픈액세스 정책 안내 시스템 사례로써 영국의 SHERPA/RoMEO와 일본의 SCPJ를 조사 분석하여 국내 적용시 고려사항을 도출하였다. 국외 사례는 학술지 논문에 대한 저자 셀프 아카이빙 정책 정보를 주로 수집하여 안내하고 있기 때문에 국내 오픈액세스 학술지 정책 정보가 추가적으로 반영될 필요가 있었다. 이상의 분석결과를 토대로 국내 학술지 저작권 및 오픈액세스 정책 안내시스템 모형의 목적과 목표, 그리고 4가지 운영단계별 기본방향성과 운영방식을 제안하였다.

효율적인 학습규칙의 신경망 기반 독립성분분석을 이용한 영상신호의 분리 및 특징추출 (Separations and Feature Extractions for Image Signals Using Independent Component Analysis Based on Neural Networks of Efficient Learning Rule)

  • 조용현
    • 한국지능시스템학회논문지
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    • 제13권2호
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    • pp.200-208
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    • 2003
  • 본 연구에서는 효율적인 학습규칙의 신경망 기반 독립성분분석기법을 이용한 영상신호의 분리와 특징추출을 제안하였다. 제안된 학습규칙은 할선법과 모멘트를 이용한 조합형 고정점 학습알고리즘이다. 여기서 할선법은 독립성분 상호간의 정보를 최소화하기 위한 목적함수의 최적화 과정에서 요구되는 1차 미분에 따른 계산을 간략화하기 위함이고, 모멘트는 최적화 과정에서 발생하는 발진을 억제하여 보다 빠른 학습을 위함이다. 제안된 기법을 $512\times512$의 픽셀을 가지는 10개의 영상을 대상으로 임의의 혼합행렬에 따라 발생되는 혼합영상의 분리에 적용한 결과, 뉴우턴법에 기초한 기존의 알고리즘과 할선법만에 기초한 알고리즘보다 각각 우수한 분리률과 빠른 분리속도가 있음을 확인하였다. 또한 $256\times256$ 픽셀의 10개 지문상과 $480\times225$ 픽셀의 지폐영상에서 선택된 각각 10,000개의 3가지 영상패치들을 대상으로 적용한 결과, 제안된 기법은 뉴우턴법이나 할선법의 알고리즘보다도 빠른 특징추출 속도가 있음을 확인하였다. 한편 추출된 $16\times16$ 펙셀의 160개 독립성분 기저벡터 각각은 영상 각각에 포함된 공간적인 주파수 특성과 방향성을 가지는 경계 특성이 잘 드러나는 국부적인 특징들임을 확인하였다.

간호서비스 마케팅에 관한 연구;'촉진(Promotion)' 개념 개발 (Concept Development of Service Marketing Promotion in Nursing)

  • 강윤숙
    • 간호행정학회지
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    • 제5권1호
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    • pp.63-76
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    • 1999
  • The main objective of this study was to develop a concept of service marketing promotion in nursing that is derived from the concepts of service marketing theory. This research was a descriptive study, at the factor isolation level. The principle of concept derivation suggested by Walker and Avant (1988) and the Hybrid model suggested by Schwarz-Barcott and Kim (1993) were employed as the research method. The data were collected from December, 1997 to April. 1998 at a large general hospital located in Seoul. The procedures of this study were as follows: First. at the theoretical phase: the meaning, attributes, and definition of service marketing promotion were identified through an extensive review of the literature. Second, at the empirical phase: fieldwork was done to identify the promotional activities and events in nursing. Top nurse managers from 4 units (Director of Nursing, Head nurses of inpatient nursing unit, outpatient nursing unit. and home care nursing unit) were interviewed and the content of the interview was analyzed to identify the meaning and attributes of promotion in nursing. Other methods such as brochures and other audio-visual materials which were relevant to nursing promotion were used to supplement the interviews. Finally, the results of the theoretical and empirical analyses were intergrated to develop a concept of service marketing in nursing practice. A final definition of service marketing promotion in nursing was identified as follows. 1. Promotion as a marketing function in nursing service is concerned with communication to target markets on all information related to nursing service in order to satisfy the objectives of both a nursing service organization and the target markets. 2. The goals of nursing service promotion include: 1) increasing visibility of nursing services and delivering the information on nursing services, 2) affirming the value of nursing services, so it can contribute to formulation of reimbursement policy for nursing services. 3) advancing the general image of the nursing profession and nursing services. 4) achieving and attaining a desirable positioning for nurses among health care professionals. and 5) creating and stimulating the demand for nursing services. 3. In order to obtain these goals it is necessary to provide information on nursing services, to persuade target markets. to remind them about nursing services. and to establish a collaborative relationship with related departments. 4. The tools used to carry out the above functions of promotion in nursing are the providing nursing services, public relations and publicity. QA of nursing, advertising, and sales promotion. 5. The target markets of nursing service include the nursing customer markets. the internal markets, the influence markets. the recruitment markets. the supplier markets. and the nursing referral markets. In conclusion, the concept of promotion in other service marketing areas can be applied to the promotion of nursing service marketing. The promotion of nursing service is more than just effective communication in nursing service. it is the effective use of the concepts of service marketing promotion. Promotion of nursing service will contribute to create and expand nursing services.

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생쥐배아의 동결보존에 관한 실험적 연구 (The Experimental Study on Cryopreservation of Mouse Embryo)

  • 이여일;권영숙;박현정
    • Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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    • 제28권1호
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    • pp.55-63
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    • 2001
  • Objectives: This study was carried out to evaluate the effects of embryonic stage, cryoprotectant, and freezing-thawing method on the rates of survival and development of the cryopreserved mouse early embryo and finally to establish the cryopreservation method of surplus embryos obtained during assisted reproductive technology (ART). Materials and Methods: Two to eight cell embryos were obtained from oviducts of mated $F_1$ hybrid female mice superovulated by pregnant mare's serum gonadotropin (PMSG) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). Two-step 1,2-propanediol (PROH), dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) and 4-step PROH DMSO were used as cryoprotectant and dehydration and rehydration method of embryos, and slow-cooling or rapid-cooling method was used as frozen program. The survival rates of embryos were measured after thawing and rehydration, and the developmental rates of embryos were compared and observed during culturing embryos for 24, 48, 72, 96 hrs. Results: As for the survival and development rates of embryos according to embryonic stage, the survival rate of 2 cell stage in PROH and DMSO was significantly higher than 4-8 cell (64.5% versus 62.1 %,79.7% versus 73.2%) (p<0.01, p<0.01), but the development rates of 4-8 cell embryos in PROH and DMSO were significantly higher than 2 cell embryos for whole culture period (p<0.01) and the development rates of 4-8 cell embryos in PROH were significantly higher than 2 cell embryos in DMSO (p<0.01). As for the survival and development rates of embryos according to cryoprotectant, the survival rate of 2 cell embryo in DMSO was significantly higher than that in PROH (74.4% versus 64.5%) (p<0.01), whereas the development rate of embryos was not differ till 24 hrs. The developmen1 rate from morular to hatching blastocyst, however, was significantly higher in PROH than in DMSO during 48 hr (p<0.01). The survival rate of 4-8 cell embryo was 62.1% in PROH and 73.2% in DMSO. The development rates of embryo in PROH were significantly higher for whole culture periods (p<0.01, 0.05). In respect to the effect of freezing and thawing program on the survival and development rates of embryos, method of slow cooling and rapid thawing was more effective than that of rapid cooling and rapid thawing. Conclusions: The survival rate of embryo in 2 cell stage was higher than in 4-8 cell stage, and PROH appears more effective cryoprotectant than DMSO because PROH showed better development rates of embryos in 2 and 4-8 cell stage. Moreover, slow cooling and rapid thawing method was considered as the best cryopreservation program.

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Application of HPV DNA Testing in Follow-up after Loop Electrosurgical Excision Procedures in Northern Thailand

  • Khunamornpong, Surapan;Settakorn, Jongkolnee;Sukpan, Kornkanok;Kietpeerakool, Chumnan;Tantipalakorn, Charuwan;Suprasert, Prapaporn;Siriaunkgul, Sumalee
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • 제16권14호
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    • pp.6093-6097
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    • 2015
  • Background: HPV DNA testing has been recently introduced as an adjunct test to cytology in the follow-up of patients after treatment for cervical lesions using the loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP). The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of HPV testing in the detection of persistent or recurrent disease after LEEP in patients with cervical epithelial lesions in northern Thailand. Materials and Methods: Patients who underwent LEEP as a treatment for histological low-grade (LSIL) or high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) or worse at Chiang Mai University Hospital between June 2010 and May 2012 were included. Follow-ups were scheduled at 6-month intervals and continued for 2 years using co-testing (liquid-based cytology and Hybrid Capture 2 [HC2]) at 6 months and 24 months and liquid-based cytology alone at 12 and 18 months. Results: Of 98 patients included, the histological diagnoses for LEEP included LSIL in 16 patients, and HSIL or worse in 82 patients. The LEEP margin status was negative in 84 patients (85.7%). At follow-up, 10 patients (10.2%) had persistent/recurrent lesions; 4 among LSIL patients (25.0%) and 6 in the group with HSIL or worse (7.3%). Only 2 of 82 patients (2.4%) with HSIL or worse diagnoses had histological HSIL in the persistent/recurrent lesions. Using histologically confirmed LSIL as the threshold for the detection of persistent/recurrent disease, cytology had a higher sensitivity than HC2 (90.0% versus 70.0%). At the 6-month follow-up appointment, combined cytology and HC2 (co-testing) had a higher sensitivity in predicting persistent/recurrent disease (80.0%) compared with that of cytology alone (70.0%) and HC2 (50.0%). Conclusions: After LEEP with a negative surgical margin, the rate of persistent/recurrent lesions is low. The addition of HPV testing at the 6-month visit to the usual cytology schedule may be an effective approach in the follow-up after LEEP.

Pap Smear Combined with HPV Testing: A Reasonable Tool for Women with High-grade Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia Treated by LEEP

  • Mo, Ling-Zhao;Song, Hong-Lin;Wang, Jian-Li;He, Qing;Qiu, Zhang-Can;Li, Fei
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • 제16권10호
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    • pp.4297-4302
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    • 2015
  • Background: To evaluate HPV testing by Hybrid Capture II (HCII) in conjunction with cytology in detecting the residual/recurrence disease after treatment of high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN II-III) with loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP). Materials and Methods: A retrospective review of 158 patients with histologically confirmed CIN II-III who underwent LEEP between January 2011 and October 2012 was conducted. Post-treatment control was scheduled at the 3rd, 6th, 12th and 18th month. All patients were followed up by Pap smear and HR-HPV genotype and viral load testing. Results: Pre-treatment, HR-HPV DNA, was detected in all specimens of the patients. At follow-up, 25 patients were diagnosed as the residual/recurrent disease during the FU visit, among whom, 16 patients with positive margin: 13 patients (52%) with HR-HPV DNA+/cytology+, 2 patients (8%) with HR-HPV DNA+/cytology-, 1 patient (4%) with cytology+/HR-HPV DNA-; 9 patients with clean margin - 5 patients (55.6%) with HR-HPV DNA+/cytology+; 2 patients (22.2%) with HRHPV DNA+/cytology-, 2 patients (22.2%) with cytology+/HR-HPV DNA-. None of them persisting HR-HPV DNA-/cytology-with positive or negative margin was identified as the residual/recurrent disease. The majority of residual/recurrent disease was detected at the 12th and 18th month FU, and there was almost no difference in the sensitivity and negative predictive value (NPV) between at the 3rd month and the 6th month FU visits. 14 residual/recurrence disease (14/46:30.4%) had pre-treatment high viral load (>5 000 RUL/PC) and 11 (11/112, 9.8%) with pre-treatment low viral load, P<0.05. Conclusions: (1) The persistence HR-HPV DNA is the root cause of the residual/recurrent disease for the women treated for high-grade CIN; the pre-treatment viral load and margin can be seen as the predictor. (2) The FU visit beginning at the 6th month post-treatment and lasting at least 24 months with the combination of cytology and HPV testing. (3) Patients with high pre-treatment HPV load, which is considered as one risk of developing the residual/recurrent disease, should be paid more attention (especially above 500RUL/PC) to by clinicians.

지상파 IBB 서비스 기반 프레임 제어를 활용한 콘텐츠 삽입 방안 (Content Insertion Method using by Frame Control based on Terrestrial IBB Service)

  • 김준식;박성환;김두환;주재환;김상진;김규헌
    • 방송공학회논문지
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    • 제25권5호
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    • pp.758-769
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    • 2020
  • 이종망을 활용하는 하이브리드 방송은 기존 방송이 가지고 있던 획일화된 방송 콘텐츠 제공에서 나아가 방송망과 통신망을 활용한 다양한 서비스를 제공할 수 있다. 특히, 콘텐츠가 다양한 국가 및 지역에서 소비됨에 따라 개인 맞춤형 서비스에 대한 수요는 계속 증가하고 있으며, 이러한 수요에 맞춰 이종망을 활용한 콘텐츠 삽입 기술에 대한 연구가 활발히 이루어지고 있다. 이종망 기반의 콘텐츠 삽입 시 가장 중요한 기술적 도전 과제는 콘텐츠 삽입 시점에서 원 방송 콘텐츠를 대체하는 삽입 콘텐츠의 시작이 매끄럽게 진행되어야 한다는 것과 삽입된 콘텐츠가 모두 소비되고 난 후 원 방송 콘텐츠로 정확하게 돌아갈 수 있어야 한다는 것이다. 하지만, 현재 UHD 방송은 디지털로 전환되어 서비스를 제공하고 있으나, 아직 아날로그 방식에서 활용되는 프레임 레이트를 지원하는 시스템이 존재하므로 기존 UHD 방송 서비스에서 콘텐츠 삽입이 발생한 경우에는 정상적인 부호화가 진행되지 않는 문제가 발생할 수 있다. 방송 시스템의 교체 비용은 천문학적인 수준이므로, 본 논문에서는 송신 장비의 교체 없이 아날로그 방식을 지원할 수 있는 프레임 제어 기반 콘텐츠 삽입 방안을 제안한다.