• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.13-19
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• 1999

The visco-elastic properties of gluten are major determinants of the processing properties of doughs. These visco-elastic properties are strongly influenced by the ratio of monomeric and polymeric proteins and the size distribution of the polymeric proteins, which make up the gluten fraction of the dough. Recent studies have revealed that other features, such as the number of the cysteine residues of the HMW-GS, also play an important role in determining the functional characteristics. To modify the processing properties at molecular level, the relationship between the structure of molecules and dough properties has to be understood. In order to explore the relationships between individual proteins and dough properties, we have developed procedures for incorporating bacterially expressed proteins into doughs, and measuring their functional properties in small-scale equipment. A major problem in investigating the structure/function relationships of individual seed storage proteins is to obtain sufficient amounts of pure polypeptides from the complex families of proteins expressed in the endosperm. Therefore, we have established a simplified model system in which we produce specific protein genes through bacterial expression and test their functional properties in smallscale apparatus after incorporation into base flour. An S poor protein gene has been chosen as a template gene. This template gene has been modified using standard recombinant DNA techniques in order to test the effects of varying the number and position of cysteine residues, and the size of the protein. Doughs have been mixed in small scale apparatus and characterized with respect to their polymeric composition and their functional properties, including dough mixing, extensibility and small scale bating. We conclude that dough characteristics can be manipulated in a predictable manner by altering the cysteine residues and the size of high molecular weight glutenins.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.671-676
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• 1999

RAPD analysis using random primers were tried to evaluate the genetic variation and diversity of the nine garlic cultivars including two foreign varieties. Thirty-two primers out of 70 primers screened were used to amplify genomic DNA of garlic cultivars using polymerase chain reaction(PCR). Among a total of 151 bands amplified by 32 primers, 125 polymorphic bands were subjected to analysis for genetic relationship of garlic cultivars. The estimated size of amplified PCR products were in the range of 932 to 4,060 base pairs. Nine garlic cultivars were classified into two groups, such as group I corresponded to Changnyung and Hungary cultivars, and group II, Namdo, Sandong from China, Yecheon, Euiseong, Youngweol, Danyang, Jeongsun cultivars, with the genetic distance value of 0.271. The major ecological types of garlics, so called southern and northern types, was grouped in the genetic distance value of 0.200. The results presented in this study suggest that RAPD analysis are likely to be useful for identification of cultivars and evaluation of genetic origin in garlics.

• Journal of Arbitration Studies
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.67-89
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• 2016

An ADR arbitration system has a necessary value in the sports industry for settlement of disputes. Sports disputes should be resolved independently by enacting internal regulations within the basic principles of national law rather than treated as a civil action. If the dispute is not fair and transparent, it may cause distrust. Because an arbitration system has values such as speed, flexibility of economic decisions, professionalism of arbitrator and confidentiality of arbitration-related information, the efficiency of the arbitration system for conflict resolution has emerged recently. We have to assign sports experts to reactivate sports arbitration commission committees which existed from 2006 to 2009 in Korea. Many countries, such as the UK, USA, Canada, New Zealand, Hungary, the Netherlands, Poland, Germany, and Japan, which attain advancement of sports and the International Court of Arbitration establish and run their own sports arbitration agencies. However, Korea disbanded its sports arbitration commission committee for political and economic reasons. In 2012, after their disbanding, athlete Kim Yeon-kyoung came into conflict with Heungkuk Life over terms of free agent acquisition and international transfer certification. Finally they were able to settle those political conflicts. However if there had been related laws in Korea, they could have resolved those problems easily without international disputes. Practically, it would have been almost impossible for Kim Yeon-kyoung to win the dispute. But her problem became an issue after the London Olympics, so she could win. Although it is well for her to take an active role on the international stage, it left much to be desired on account of the intervention of political circles in order to resolve the conflict. If the sports arbitration commission committee in Korea had still been active, it could have come to a peaceful settlement domestically. Therefore we have to reestablish a Korean sports arbitration committee centered around experts of sports law.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.141-146
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• 1997

Postmortem examination was conducted on 350 (three hundred and fifty) chickens. Related samples (Liver, heart, ovary, spleen, bone-marrow, and caecal junction) were collected. The appropriate materials from the samples were cultured into different media. A total 40(forty) isolates of salmonella pullorum and S. gallinarum were identified and preserved. Characterization of the isolates were done by cultural, morphological, biochemical, and serological tests. Salmonella pullorum antigen was prepared from the local isolate, standardized and tested. This antigen was used in the field for the detection of pullorum or fowl typhoid infection or carrier birds. The antigen consisted of suspension of Salmonella pullorum in 0.50 percent sodium chloride plus 1.5 percent sodium sulfate and inactivated with 1% formalin U.S.P. and standardized with McFarland scale iv or by pour plate method containing 800 million organisms per milliliter and stained by the addition of alcoholic crystal violet. Sterility, safety and potency were tested and found as good as other international antigens. The antigen was found to retain its quality for six months when preserved at room temperatures. The test was made by mixing one drop of the antigen with a drop of blood or a drop of serum, on a glass plate or white tile. The locally produced antigen was as good as antigens from Japan, Hungary, Holland and India. A serological study was conducted with the locally prepared antigen in different farms, and the incidence was 0-4% in government farms, 5-10% in commercial imported breeds and 0-3% in cross breed local farms respectively.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.189-201
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• 2008

Dr. George Schimert, born in 1918 in Switzerland, received his medical degrees from universities in Hungary and in Germany. After immigration to the United States, he continued medical training at several hospitals. In 1956, for pursuit of cardiac surgery, he had joined the group headed by Dr. Walt Lillehei at the University of Minnesota. During this period, in 1958, he joined Seoul National University Hospital as a overall medical adviser and adviser in surgery for 15 months in partnership with the University of Minnesota Medical School. During his stay in Korea, in addition to the works in the medical administration and education, he contributed to the early establishment of thoracic surgery program. In August 6, 1959, he performed open heart surgery using cardiopulmonary bypass for an ASD patient at Seoul National University Hospital. However, the patient died 6 hours after the operation. In 1960, after returning to the United States, he began his career at Buffalo General Hospital as the first director of its cardiac surgery program. In 1985, the Dr. George Schimert Lectureship and Medical Conference was established to honor his contributions and achievements. He died December 7, 2002.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.33 no.8
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• pp.1360-1368
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• 2020

Objective: The aim of our study was to determine the associations of heifer reproductive performance with survival up to the first calving, first-lactation milk yield, and the probability of being culled within 50 days after first calving. Methods: Data from 33 large Holstein-Friesian commercial dairy herds were gathered from the official milk recording database in Hungary. The data of heifers first inseminated between January 1, 2011 and December 31, 2014 were analyzed retrospectively, using Cox proportional hazards models, competing risks models, multivariate linear and logistic mixed-effects models. Results: Heifers (n = 35,128) with younger age at conception were more likely to remain in the herd until calving, and each additional month in age at conception increased culling risk by 5.1%. Season of birth was related to first-lactation milk yield (MY1; n = 19,931), with cows born in autumn having the highest milk production (p<0.001). The highest MY1 was achieved by heifers that first calved between 22.00 and 25.99 months of age. Heifers that calved in autumn had the highest MY1, whereas calving in summer was related to the lowest milk production (p<0.001). The risk of culling within 50 days in milk in first lactation (n = 21,225) increased along with first calving age, e.g. heifers that first calved after 30 months of age were 5.52-times more likely to be culled compared to heifers that calved before 22 months of age (p<0.001). Calving difficulty was related to higher culling risk in early lactation (p<0.001). Heifers that required caesarean section were 24.01-times more likely to leave the herd within 50 days after first calving compared to heifers that needed no assistance (p<0.001). Conclusion: Reproductive performance of replacement heifers is closely linked to longevity and milk production in dairy herds.

• Journal of Species Research
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.492-531
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• 2020

This study is based on crane fly specimens collected from 1936-2019 and are in collections maintained at the United States National Museum, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC, USA; the Snow Entomological Museum, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA; the Hungarian Natural History Museum in Budapest, Hungary, and the National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, South Korea. The genus Dicranophragma Osten Sacken, 1860 with two species D. (Brachylimnophila) transitorium (Alexander, 1941) and D. (Dicranophragma) melaleucum melaleucum (Alexander, 1933), is a new record for the Korean Peninsula. New findings of Dicranomyia (Erostrata) submelas Kato et al., 2018, Dicranoptycha venosa Alexander, 1924a, Austrolimnophila (Archilimnophila) subunicoides(Alexander, 1950b), A. (A.) unica (Osten Sacken, 1869), A. (Austrolimnophila) asiatica (Alexander, 1925), Conosia irrorata (Wiedemann, 1828), Eloeophila persalsa (Alexander, 1940), E. serenensis (Alexander, 1940), E. subaprilina (Alexander, 1919), E. ussuriana ussuriana (Alexander, 1933), E. yezoensis (Alexander, 1924b), Paradelphomyia chosenica Alexander, 1950b, and P. macracantha Alexander, 1957 are discussed. General information on genera and subgenera morphological characters, redescriptions of species based on Korean specimens, illustrations of both sexes, elevation range, period of activity, habitat information, general distribution, and a distribution map for the Korean Peninsula (including North Korea) are presented for each species.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.328-341
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to analyze the achievements in science results of the TIMSS-R test, which was performed in 1999 with 38 nations participating. In this study, general trends in international science achievement considering the differences beween nation, content areas, and gender were analyzed through descriptive statics. The average scale score of Korean 8th grades students was 549, which was significantly higher than international average of 488. However it showed a relative decline from 4th grade in TIMSS to 8th grade in TIMSS-R. Chinese Taipei and Singapore students had the highest average performance, followed by Hungary, Japan, and Korea. The average gender differences of Korean students showed a decrease from TIMSS in 1995 to TlMSS-R in 1999, but it was still significantly higher than the international average. The average differences of overall science and each content area were not statistically significant both internationally and domestically.

• International Area Studies Review
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.77-94
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• 2011

This paper investigates the returns and volatility linkages in equity markets between the regional/global developed markets (Germany, UK, and US) and four emerging European stock markets (Hungary, Czech Republic, Russia, and Poland) using the VAR-bivariate GARCH model. Our empirical results are summarized as follows. First, we found unidirectional return spillover from the regional/global developed markets to the emerging European markets. This finding indicates that the prices of regional/global markets lead those of emerging European stock markets. Second, we also found relatively stronger volatility linkage between the regional developed markets (especially Germany) and the emerging European markets. This implies that the volatility of emerging European markets is strongly affected by the regional developed markets than the global developed markets.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.198-205
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• 2019

Purpose: This study was conducted and analyzed using statistical techniques to examine the impact of fear of risk committed by risk committed overseas on people who are about to travel abroad. Method: In the event of a risk, fear of a risk occurs, and fear of a risk adversely affects people's daily lives, and in the event of a decline in daily life, affecting the economy and social activities of the area, a small risk often has a huge impact on society. In particular, the fear of risk committed abroad has an impact on overseas activities as overseas travel has been activated in time for the global era. Result and Conclusion: Therefore, according to the research, the fear of crimes committed overseas has a negative effect on the choice of overseas travel.