• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.15-22
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to analyse the effects of air conditioned room controlled by PMV(Predicted Mean Vote)for energy consumption and human comfort in office building. The 'EnergyPlus' was used for the evaluation of indoor thermal environment and energy consumption by the controls of room temperature and PMV. The result indicates that the PMV control could prove more profitable method for improvement of indoor thermal environment and energy conservation. Consequently, PMV control has a distinct advantage over most other control methods. An additional study is required to establish the various thermal comfort control for rooms on the basis of this work.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.878-888
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• 2016

In this study, wool/nylon(50/50%) blend yarn and its fabrics for tra-biz(complex word of travel+business) garment were prepared, and its wear comfort characteristics were investigated through thermal manikin and human-body wearing experiment. In addition, tactile wearing performance from fabric mechanical properties and the dimensional stability and the pilling of the fabric specimen during wearing and dry-cleaning were measured and compared with those of wool 100% fabric specimen. Heat keepability of the wool/nylon(50/50%) blend fabric by thermal manikin experiment was superior than that of wool 100% fabric, this result was verified with human-body wearing experiment and its result coincided well with this experimental result. Tactile wearing performance of the wool/nylon(50/50%) fabric from fabric mechanical properties measured by FAST system was better than that of the wool 100% fabric. The dimensional stability of the wool/nylon(50/50%) fabric was more stable than that of the wool 100% fabric. Because relaxation shrinkage was lower and hygral expansion of wool 100% fabric was more high. However, the breathability and pilling property of the wool/nylon(50/50%) fabric were inferior than those of the wool 100% fabric. The possibility of application for tra-biz garment of wool/nylon(50/50%) blend fabric was observed because of good heat keepability, tactile wearing performance and washing fastness.

• 한국주거학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국주거학회 2002년도 추계학술발표대회
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• pp.333-337
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• 2002

All the outdoor and indoor spaces are connected with each other. The human being moves toward those spaces and experiences temperature fluctuation between the natural and artificial temperature. We conducted an experiment which subjects are the college students wearing the data logger in urban life, and measured 24 hours' exposed temperature and thermal comfort in summer. Results were as follows. 1. Most subjects get weather information(84.6％). Fashion(46.2％) and weather (30.8％) are the reasons to select clothes. They spend their time in indoor environment for 84.92％ hours of a day and have an air-conditioner(61.5％) in their houses. 2. Exposed temperature fluctuation were from 33.8$^{\circ}C$ to 15.6$^{\circ}C$. The median value of experienced temperature were 26-27$^{\circ}C$ and average temperature was 26.3$^{\circ}C$. Subjects experienced cold shock of 3.96 times in a day and 67.21％ of all evaluated thermal comfort in the range of -1 and 1 by ASHRAE 7 Category Scales. Artificial environment which connected with outside let people experienced temperature fluctuation in wide range.

• 감성과학
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.311-318
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• 2013

본 연구는 인간의 생리적 지표 중 하나인 안면 피부온도를 활용하여 PMV 지표 값에 기반하여 조성된 쾌적/불쾌 실내 환경을 적절하게 구분할 수 있는지 그 타당성을 살펴보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 쾌적 실내 환경에 해당되는 PMV 지표 값을 기준으로 물리적 환경을 쾌적 실내 환경과 불쾌한 실내 환경으로 각각 구분하고, 구분된 환경내에서 재실자의 안면 피부온도를 측정하였다. 그 결과, PMV 지표 값으로 구분된 쾌적 실내 환경과 불쾌한 실내 환경에서의 재실자의 안면 피부온도가 서로 차이를 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 안면 피부온도가 PMV 지표에 기반한 쾌적한 실내 환경 조성에 있어 활용될 수 있음을 시사한다. 그러나 쾌적한 실내 환경에 비해 불쾌한 실내 환경에서 안면 피부온도가 낮게 나타나는 결과를 통해 오히려 PMV 지표 값에 기반을 두고 조성되는 쾌적/불쾌환경이 타당하지 않을 수 있음도 시사한다.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제18권8호
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• pp.750-757
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• 2012

This paper focuses on human adaptive HVAC system that can regulate the thermal comfort of the resident in intelligent buildings. The thermal comfort is represented in this paper by PMV (Predicted Mean Vote) as defined by ISO 7730. This PMV value indicates how hot or cold a resident feels by considering temperature, humidity, resident's metabolic rate, relative air velocity, and clothing insulation. In order to develop such a system, a location detection system based on ZigBee module was used along with temperature sensors, other environment sensors. The human adaptive HVAC system was evaluated experimentally on a test bed emulating a room.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.169-181
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• 2017

Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the influence of outdoor weather conditions on subjective responses during physical activity. Background: The largest difference between indoor and outdoor conditions is the existence of the sun. The heat load from the sun has an influence on the heat gain of the human body and the intense degree of solar radiation affected thermal comfort. Method: Thirty eight people were exposed to a range of climatic conditions in the UK. Weather in England does not have extremely hot and cold temperature, and the current study was conducted under warm (summer and autumn) and cool (spring and summer) climates. Measurements of the climate included air temperature, radiant temperature (including solar load), humidity and wind around the subjects. Subjective responses were taken and physiological measurements included internal body temperature, heart rate and sweat loss. Results: This study was conducted under four kinds of environmental conditions and the environmental measurement was performed in September, December, March, and June. The values for sensation, comfort, preference, and pleasantness about four conditions were from 'neutral' to 'warm', from 'not uncomfortable' to 'slightly comfortable', from 'slightly cooler' to 'slightly warmer', and from 'neither pleasant nor unpleasant' and 'slightly unpleasant', respectively. All subjective responses showed differences depending on air temperature and wind speed, and had correlations with air temperature and wind speed (p<0.05). However, subjective responses showed no differences depending on the radiant temperature. The combined effects of environmental parameters were showed on some subjective responses. The combined effects of air temperature and radiant temperature on thermal sensation and pleasantness were significant. The combined effects of metabolic rate with air temperature, wind speed and solar radiation respectively have influences on some subjective responses. In the case of the relationships among subjective responses, thermal sensation had significant correlations with all subjective responses. The largest relationship was shown between preference and thermal sensation but acceptance showed the lowest relationship with the other subjective responses. Conclusion: The ranges of air temperature, radiant temperature, wind speed and solar radiation were $6.7^{\circ}C$ to $24.7^{\circ}C$, $17.9^{\circ}C$ to $56.6^{\circ}C$, $0.84ms^{-1}$ to $2.4ms^{-1}$, and $123Wm^{-2}$ to $876Wm^{-2}$ respectively. Each of air temperature and wind speed had significant relationships with subjective responses. The combined effects of environmental parameters on subjective responses were shown. Each radiant temperature and solar radiation did not show any relationships with subjective responses but the combinations of each radiant temperature and solar radiation with other environmental parameters had influences on subjective responses. The combinations of metabolic rate with air temperature, wind speed and solar radiation respectively have influences on subjective responses although metabolic rate alone hardly made influences on them. There were also significant relationships among subjective responses, and pleasantness generally showed relatively high relationships with comfort, preference, acceptance and satisfaction. Application: Subjective responses might be utilized to predict thermal stress of human and the application products reflecting human subjective responses might apply to the different fields such as fashion technology, wearable devices, and environmental design considering human's response etc.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.9-16
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• 2006

The researches on the environmental friendly buildings have carried out on the materials, environmental property, technical elements and etc., and various buildings with these green materials have built and under construction nowadays and became a new trend of the green building. And recently, new building technique which builds the wall with the soil and wood and very easy to construct (called M Earthen House) was introduced as the green building and rapidly propagated. But the research on the indoor climatic characteristics, the ability to control the environmental comfort and the influence to the human beings of these buildings are not sufficiently identified yet. In this paper, the indoor environmental characteristics and the temperature controlling ability of these buildings in summer season were measured and analysed by the Portable Indoor Air Quality Monitor(BABUC/A, LSI) measuring equipments, ana the subjective test on the thermal environment of the subjects were carried out to evaluate the thermal comfort. The results can be summarized as follows; 1) Compared to the outdoor dry bulb temp.($15.4{\sim}28.7^{\circ}C$), the indoor temp. was $19.5{\sim}26.8^{\circ}C$. It showed the temperature controlling ability of the M earthen house was outstanding. And the indoor relative humidity, compared to the outdoor($45.4{\sim}100%$), was $58.1{\sim}76.4%$, it showed the humidity controlling ability of the M earthen house was also outstanding. 2) The thermal environment was evaluated as 'comfort'(neutral-slightly warm) and the humidity was also evaluated as 'comfort'(neutral-slightly humid). So, the results of the physical and subjective evaluation on the indoor thermal comfort in summer season were 'neutral' and 'comfort' coincidently, it was confirmed that the controlling ability of the indoor temperature and humidity of the M earthen house was very excellent.

• 한국섬유공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국섬유공학회 1992년도 제2차 학술발표초록집
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• pp.9-9
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• 1992

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.285-295
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• 2015

To identify optimized thermal properties of mold brassiere cup for improved thermal comfort during summer, we compared the thermal resistance and the water vapor permeability of Polyurethane (PU) foam, 3D spacer fabric and the two combined materials of the PU foam and the 3D spacer fabric. Four experimental mold brassieres were made of the materials for wearing test. Six women in their twenties evaluated the wearing sensation in the hot and humid environment. The changes in microclimate temperature and humidity while wearing test brassiere cups were measured. Results indicate that thermal resistance increased as more PU foam were combined, while the water vapor permeability was higher as the content of the 3D spacer fabric increased at thickness of 18mm and over. However, in the wear test, the PU foam brassiere was the most preferred in all ambient conditions due to its soft, flexible and smooth texture, despite its high thermal resistance and low water vapor permeability. This indicates that the textures of mold foams are more dominant properties than thermal properties for mold foams in determining the wear comfort of mold brassieres.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.41-59
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• 1998

Thermal comfort aspect of a locally-cooled target space in warm and humid environments(typically in the rainy summer season) was studied in view of PPD index. First. theoretical analyses were conducted to examine the effect of the governing parameters(such as air temperature, relative humidity and air velocity, etc.) using a computer model. Secondly, experimental investigations were also performed in a climatic room designed to simulate corresponding thermal conditions of outdoor environments. During the tests, temporal variation of PPD was recorded as functions of climatic variables(outdoor and indoor temperatures, relative humidity and air velocity) for the given human factors(metabolic heat generation and clothing). From both theoretical and experimental investigations, air temperature and air velocity were found to be the most dominant parameters affecting PPD of the target space. Results were summarized as: 1. Relative humidity of the locally-cooled target space tends to approach that of outdoor's as the space is subjected to an ON-OFF mode of cooling, since moisture potential of the two rooms reaches an equalized state as a result of moisture diffusion. 2. It was recognized that changes in relative humidity did not show any significance in view of thermal comfort as was reported in the previous studies, while variations of both temperature and air velocity caused relatively large changes in the degree of thermal comfort. 3. In-door environment should be evaluated in terms of PPD instead of relative humidity commonly recognized as an important climatic variable particularly in warm and humid environments.