• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.616-620
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• 2006

Purpose: The isolated human chondrocytes for cartilage reconstruction and transplantation presents a major problem as these cells would change biologically in vitro. For more effective applications of these cells in the clinical field, it is necessary to get a large amount of cells in a short period without affecting their function and phenotype. Methods: This study reports the effects of placenta extract on chondrocytes in vitro. We initiated this study on the basis of the hypothesis that placenta extract can influence both the proliferation of chondrocytes and their biologic functions(for example, to express cell specific gene or to produce their own extracellular matrix). Chondrocytes in monolayer culture with or without placenta extract were collected and analyzed by MTT assay, ECM assay, and RT-PCR. Results: Placenta extract stimulated the proliferation of chondrocytes in monolayer culture. The phenotype of chondrocytes was well maintained during the expansion in monolayers. Chondrocytes expanded in the presence of placenta extract produced ECM, glycosaminoglycan, abundantly. Compared to chondrocyte expanded in culture medium only, chondrocytes expanded with placenta extract demonstrated higher COL2A1 expression that was biochemically comparable to primary chondrocytes. This study provides an evidence that placenta extract is helpful to expand chondrocytes during tissue cultivation, to maintain their differentiated phenotype and to promote their function. Conclusion: These results suggest that placenta extract during cultivation play an important role in controlling cell behaviors. Furthermore, these results provide a biologic basis for cartilage tissue engineering.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.38-48
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• 2008

Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate the effects of Hominis Placenta (紫河車) on the growth of human uterine myoma cells and cell apoptosis. Methods: Human uterine leiomyoma cells were cultured and treated with Hominis Placenta extract for 48 hours. Cell proliferation and activity was analyzed by MTT assay. We analyzed the cell cycle of human uterine myoma cells treated Hominis Placenta extract by FACS. Expression of proteins related to cell apoptosis (Bax, Bcl-2), cyclin-D1 and VEGF were evaluated by Western blotting method. Results: The human uterine myoma cells treated by Hominis Placenta extract didn't proliferate below the concentration of $10mg/m{\ell}$. And there was no remarkable difference on cell cycle analysis below the concentration of $10mg/m{\ell}$. The expression of Bax was decreased and the expression of Bcl-2 was increased after the treatment of Hominis Placenta extract. But the expressions of cyclin-D1 and VEGF were increased after the treatment of Hominis Placenta extract. Conclusion: This study suggests that Hominis Placenta induce uterine myoma cell apoptosis and have effect on the myoma cell proliferation in the concentraion below $10mg/m{\ell}$.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제66권6호
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• pp.471-476
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• 2009

과민성 폐장염은 감수성 있는 사람이 특정 유발물질에 노출됨으로써 폐실질과 말초 기관지에 육아종성 염증을 일으키는 면역질환이다. 과민성 폐장염은 동물성 및 식물성 항원, 저분자 화학 물질, 세균 및 곰팡이 등의 미생물 흡인에 의해 유발 될 수 있으나 본 증례처럼 주사제에 의한 사례는 매우 드물다. 저자들은 특별한 노출력 없는 건강한 여성에서 태반 추출물 주사 후 발생한 과민성 폐장염의 첫 사례를 경험하여 보고하는 바이다.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.115-123
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• 2012

Human placenta extract (hPE) has therapeutic potential against certain diseases such as burn injury, liver cirrhosis and chronic wound through stimulating tissue repair processes. However, the effects of hPE on liver regeneration in animals are unknown. This study investigated the effect of hPE on the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) during liver regeneration induced by partial hepatectomy (PH) in rats. The activities of AST, ALT and ALP increased during a few days after PH. A high level of ALP was particularly seen at day 3 in the control group. All the levels of experimental groups were normalized by day 5 after PH. On immunohistochemistry, the expression of PCNA increased at the early days, showed a peak at day 3 after PH. The PCNA staining was more obvious in the experimental group over the whole period. By western blotting, PCNA seemed to be more strongly expressed in the hPE injected group in the early stage and fell to almost undetectable levels at day 7. On immunocytochemical observations, the number of PCNA-gold particles in the nuclei at day 1 of the hPE treated groups was more than those of the untreated groups. The results suggest that hPE could accelerate liver regeneration induced by PH involving the expression of PCNA in rats.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.164-170
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• 2015

The objective of this study was to evaluated the photoprotective effects of porcine placenta extract (PPE) on ultraviolet B (UVB)-induced oxidative stress in human keratinocytes (HaCaT) to evaluate its functional activities as a skin food ingredient. PPE prepared by subcritical water extraction was termed SPE, and subsequently digested by enzymes to prepare E-SPE. Increased intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels (192.0%) induced by UVB were decreased by SPE and E-SPE. SPE had more effective ROS scavenging activity than E-SPE treatment. UVB treatment increased expression of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1), and this elevated expression was decreased by E-SPE treatment. High-dose treatment with E-SPE (50 and 100 µg/mL) reduced TIMP-1 expression levels of UVB-C (control) to 33.5 and 34.6%, respectively. In contrast, at low SPE doses (1 and 10 µg/mL), the treatment slightly decreased TIMP- 1 expression levels to 73.3% and 71.3% of UVB-C, respectively. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated the protective effect of SPE and E-SPE against UVB damage in keratinocytes via ROS scavenging, down-regulating MMP-2 expression and up-regulating TIMP- 1 expression. This highlights the potential for SPE as an ingredient in the preparation of functional food against photoaging.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.528-534
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• 2017

Placenta is a special organ that contains many nutrients such as growth factors, minerals, and bioactive peptides. Dipeptides of glycine and leucine are major components of porcine placenta extracts (PPE) that has been used as an alternative of human placenta extracts. In this study, we investigated whether major peptides of PPE, Glycyl-L-Leucine (Gly-Leu), L-Leucyl-Glycine (Leu-Gly), and L-Leucyl-L-Leucine (Leu-Leu), affect skin hydration and elasticity in vitro and in vivo. We found that Gly-Leu and Leu-Gly dipeptides induced the expression of transglutaminase 1 in normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEKs) whereas Leu-Leu dipeptides did not. Treatment with Gly-Leu or Leu-Gly significantly increased hyaluronan (HA) synthesis in NHEKs and the upregulation of hyaluronan synthase 2 (HAS2) mRNA level was confirmed. In addition, elastase activity was inhibited in NHEKs treated with Gly-Leu or Leu-Gly dipeptides. Oral administration of Gly-Leu or Leu-Gly dipeptides increased skin hydration and elasticity in UVB-irradiated hairless mice. The significant upregulation of HA in UVB-irradiated hairless mice was observed in response to oral administration of Gly-Leu or Leu-Gly. These results suggest that the major dipeptides of porcine placenta, Gly-Leu and Leu-Gly, are potentially active ingredients for skin moisturization formulations.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.229-242
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• 2018

본 연구에서는 발효 돈태반 (fermented porcine placenta, FPP)과 그의 주요 다이펩타이드인 L-Leucyl-Glycine (Leu-Gly), Glycyl-L-Leucine (Gly-Leu)의 섭취가 UVB 조사에 의한 무모 쥐의 피부 주름 생성에 미치는 효능을 알아보았다. Human Primary Dermal fibroblasts-Neonatal (HDF-N) 세포에서 세포 독성을 나타내지 않는 농도를 설정하여 평가하였을 때, FPP, Leu-Gly, Gly-Leu 처리 시 procollagen의 증가 및 MMP-1 (matrix metalloproteinase-1)의 감소를 확인하였다. 또한 무모 생쥐에 주 3회 UVB를 조사하여 광노화를 유도하였고, FPP 10, 100 mg/kg, Leu-Gly 10 mg/kg, Gly-Leu 10 mg/kg을 매일 총 8주간 경구투여 한 후, 주름생성, 홍반및 MMPs의 발현량을 측정하였다. 8주간 진행된 동물 실험 결과 UVB만 조사한 군과 비교하여 UVB를 조사하고 FPP, Leu-Gly, Gly-Leu을 섭취시킨 군에서 주름생성과 홍반이 감소하였고 피부 수분함량과 콜라겐 생합성이 증가하였다. 뿐만 아니라 FPP, Leu-Gly, Gly-Leu 섭취군에서 콜라겐 분해효소인 MMP-3, MMP-13의 mRNA 발현량이 감소하였고, MMP-2와 MMP-9의 활성이 감소하였다. 결과를 종합하였을 때, FPP의 주요 다이펩타이드인 Leu-Gly과 Gly-Leu은 자외선에 의한 주름 생성을 억제하고, 피부 손상을 회복시키는 효능을 갖는 피부미용식품 소재로서 활용 가능성이 클 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.111-121
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• 2005

Human placental extract (HPE), which is prepared from the placenta of healthy pregnant females, has been widely used in clinical field. HPE is known to possess anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, anti-oxidative, anti-mutagenic, and analgesic properties. In this study, the effect of HPE against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation was investigated. From the present results, HPE was shown to suppress prostaglandin E2 synthesis (PGE2) and nitric oxide (NO) production by inhibition on the LPS-stimulated enhancement of the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expressions in mouse BV2 microglial cells. These results suggest that HPE may offer a valuable mean of therapy for the treatment of brain inflammatory diseases by attenuating LPS-induced PGE2 and NO production.

• 한국해양바이오학회지
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• 제1권3호
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• pp.193-197
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• 2006

별불가사리 단백추출물을 조제하여 유방암 발생 및 전이억제효과를 측정한 결과 종양세포증식에 관여하는 aromatase 활성이 농도의존적으로 억제효과가 있었으며, 침윤성 유방암에서 과발현하는 COX-2 단백질 발현을 억제하였다. 그리고 유방암이 진행될수록 활성이 증가하는 MMP-9도 농도의존적 저해율을 보였다. 그러므로 별불가사리 단백추출물은 유방암억제기전에 관련된 더 많은 연구를 통하여 유방암 예방물질로서 개발 가능성이 있는 것으로 보인다.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.448-453
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• 2009

본 연구에서는 참외 추출물의 항암활성에 대해 알아보기 위해 참외를 부위별로 나누어 quinone reductase 유도활성과 다양한 간암세포에서의 증식 억제활성을 조사하였다. 참외 꼭지와 참외 줄기 잎 부위에서 농도의존적으로 QR 유도활성이 증가하였고, $200{\mu}g/mL$ 농도에서는 각각 3.9, 1.5배의 유도활성을 나타내었다. 암세포 사멸 활성 측정법을 통한 항암활성 평가 실험에서 마우스 유래의 간암세포인 Hepa1c1c7 세포에 대해서 조사한 결과 꼭지와 줄기 잎 부위에서 높은 암세포 독성을 보였다. 이러한 결과를 기초로 인체유래의 암세포에 대한 항암활성을 평가하기 위해 인체유래 간암 세포주인 HepG2에 대한 세포 증식 억제활성을 농도별로 조사하였다. 꼭지와 줄기 잎 부위 모두 인체유래 간암 세포에 대해 증식 억제효과를 보여주었지만, 특히 꼭지 부위는 최고농도에서 60.3%의 높은 증식 억제효과를 보였다. 그러나 마우스 유래의 간암세포에 대한 활성보다 인체유래 간암세포에 대한 활성이 낮게 나타났다. 참외의 꼭지 추출물에서 QR 유도활성과 항암활성을 확인함으로써 향후 참외 비가식 부위의 기능성 소재로의 이용화에 대한 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각된다.