• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.206-215
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• 2019

Purpose: This study was conducted to examine the effects of an intervention program for human tissue donation with nurses, modified from the Korea Foundation for Human Tissue Donation, to promote human tissue donation via nurses' knowledge and attitudes toward human tissue donation, and self-efficacy for teaching tissue donation. Methods: A non-equivalent control group quasi-experimental design was adopted, and data were collected from 82 nurses (41 of each group: experimental and comparison) working at a general hospital in Inchon, South Korea. Results: In a multivariate analysis (MANOVA), the integrative effect on outcome variables from the intervention program was statistically significant (p<.001). Accordingly, an ANOVA was performed to determine which individual outcome variable showed a significant effect with intervention, and it was found that the effects of intervention on all the outcome variables (knowledge and attitude, and self-efficacy for teaching human tissue donation) were significant (p<.001). Conclusion: The results of the study showed that the intervention had positive effects on knowledge and attitudes toward tissue donation, and self-efficacy for teaching tissue donation among nurses. These outcome variables derived from the intervention might be essential for eliciting positive behavior toward human tissue donation.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.15-23
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• 2022

본 연구는 인체조직기증에 대한 인식의 변화를 위해 간호대학생들을 대상으로 인체조직기증 교육프로그램의 효과를 검정하기 위한 실험설계, 동등성 대조군 전·후 설계이다. 연구대상자는 U시에 위치한 간호학전공 대학생 75명으로 실험군 38명, 대조군 37명으로 무작위로 배정하였다. 자료는 SPSS/WIN 23.0을 사용하여 분석하였다. 평균 연령 22.39±0.75세, 여성이 84.2%였으며 두 군간 일반적 특성과 사전자료 모두 차이가 없었다. 결과변수인 지식(F=-8.921, p<.001), 태도(F=-5.414, p<.001), 죽음에 대한 인식(F=-3.075, p=.004)에서 유의한 차이를 보여 인체조직기증 활성화를 위해 개발된 간호대학생 교육 중재가 인체조직기증에 대한 긍정적인 효과를 보였다. 한편, 의료인뿐 아니라 타분야의 전문가를 양성하는 교육기관에 적용할 프로그램도 개발되어야만 인체조직기증 문화의 정착과 안정이 확고해 질 것이다. 또한 보건의료 캠페인 및 공공 교육기관에서의 교육도 함께 이루어져야 한다고 제언하는 바이다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제21권12호
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• pp.836-844
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• 2020

현대 사회는 장기 및 인체조직기증에 대한 요구도가 높아지고 있으나, 우리나라에서 인체조직기증에 대하여 인식도와 기증률이 낮아 기증 활성화를 위한 현실적인 방안에 대한 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다. 본 연구는 국내외 관련 문헌고찰 및 나라별 이식 등록기구 홈페이지 자료를 참조하여, 인체조직기증과 관련한 국내 법률과 운영 제도 현황을 분석하였으며, 해외 주요 국가와 비교 고찰하였다. 본 연구를 통하여 국내 인체조직기증 활성화 방안으로 법률적 측면에서 이원화된 장기와 조직이식에 관한 법체계의 통합화, 제도 운영적 측면에서 과도한 압력이 없는 국가의 장기기증에 대한 추정적 동의 방식인 Opt-out 제도의 활성화와 사회 문화적 측면에서 대국민 홍보 활성화를 제시하였다. 그러나 추정적 동의 방식은 다양한 사회적 공론화 단계가 필요하며, 거부 의사를 위한 등록체계 운영사항에 대해 국내 실정에 맞는 이해가 있어야 할 것이다. 결론적으로 외국에 비하여 낮은 장기 및 인체조직기증을 활성화하기 위한 법적 제도 정비가 요구되며, 기증에 대한 긍정적 인식 전환, 대중 홍보 및 사후 기증자와 가족에 대한 지원 등이 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제14권11호
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• pp.407-416
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• 2016

본 연구 목적은 간호대학생과 일반대학생의 생명의료윤리의식과 인체조직 기증 및 이식에 대한 태도를 파악하고자 시도하였다. 연구대상자는 2개 대학교의 재학생 521명을 대상으로 2016년 5월 1일 부터 6월 10일 까지 실시하였다. 연구결과는 생명의료윤리의식은 4점 만점에 간호학과 학생들이 2.16점, 일반 대학생들의 2.01점 보다 높았고 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다(t=4.671, p=.000). 인체조직기증 및 이식은 5점 만점에 간호학과 학생들이 2.52점, 일반대학생들이 2.50으로 나타났으나 통계적으로 유의하지 않았다. 일반적 특성에 따른 생명의료윤리의식은 간호학과 학생들은 연령, 학년, 임상실습, 동아리 활동, 가족 중 이식경험이 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 나타내었으며, 일반대학생들은 나이, 임상실습, 종교에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다. 이상의 결과로 바람직한 윤리관 확립을 위한 교과과정의 개발과 방향을 탐색하여 생명의료윤리의식을 높이는 체계적인 교육프로그램이 필요함을 제언한다.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제46권5호
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• pp.405-413
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• 2019

Background Face transplantation has naturally evolved from reconstructive procedures. However, few institutions perform face transplantations, because it is time-consuming and it is necessary to justify non-vital organ transplantation. We investigated the process of organ donation from brain-dead patients and the possibility of incorporating face transplantation into the donation process. Methods A retrospective review was performed of 1,074 brain-dead patients from January 2015 to December 2016 in Korea. We analyzed the time intervals from admission to brain death decisions (first, second, and final), the causes of brain death, and the state of the transplanted organs. Results The patient base (n=1,074) was composed of 747 males and 327 females. The average period between admission to the first brain death decision was 8.5 days (${\pm}15.3$). The average time intervals between the first brain death decision and medical confirmation using electroencephalography and between the first brain death decision and the final determination of brain death were 16 hours 58 minutes (${\pm}14hours$ 50 minutes) and 22 hours 57 minutes (${\pm}16hours$ 16 minutes), respectively. The most common cause of brain death was cerebral hemorrhage/stroke (42.3%), followed by hypoxia (30.1%), and head trauma (25.2%). Conclusions When face transplantation is performed, the transplantation team has 22 hours 57 minutes on average to prepare after the first brain death decision. The cause of brain death was head trauma in approximately one-fourth of cases. Although head trauma does not always imply facial trauma, surgeons should be aware that the facial tissue may be compromised in such cases.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제19권11호
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• pp.137-147
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• 2018

본 연구의 목적은 간호대학생을 대상으로 생명의료윤리 교육 이수에 따른 간호대학생의 생명의료윤리 의식, 관련지식, 인식 및 태도의 차이를 파악한 서술적 조사연구이다. 간호학과 112명을 대상으로 자가 보고식 설문지를 이용하여 자료를 수집하였고 t-test, Chi-Square test, Fisher's exact probability test, Pearson's correlation coefficient로 분석하였다. 두 그룹간에 생명의료윤리 의식의 하위 영역 중 인공수정, 안락사, 장기이식에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 나타내었다. 생명의료윤리 의식은 인체조직기증 및 이식에 관한 태도, 죽음에 대한 인식, 호스피스 완화의료 인식에서 유의한 양의 상관관계가 있었다. 본 연구결과 간호대학생은 생명의료윤리 교육에 참여한 후 인공수정, 안락사, 장기이식에 대한 의식이 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였고, 생명의료윤리 의식은 인체조직기증 및 이식에 관한 태도, 죽음에 대한 인식, 호스피스 완화의료 인식과 관련이 있으므로 이를 토대로 생명의료윤리 교육과정에 죽음, 호스피스 완화의료, 인체조직기증 및 이식 관련 다양한 교육과정의 개발 및 적용에 대한 연구가 필요함을 제언한다. 또한 본 연구의 대상자가 일개 대학교를 대상으로 한 연구여서 본 연구결과를 일반화하는데 무리가 있다고 보아 추후 반복연구를 제언하는 바이다.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.406-413
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• 2004

Progress in medical science and cell biology has resulted in the transplantation of human cells and tissues from on human into another, facilitating reproduction and the restoration of form and function, as well as enhancing the quality of life. For more than 40 years, society has recognized the medical and humanitarian value of donation and transplanting organs and tissues. The standard operating procedures of hard tissues reflect the collective expertise and conscientious efforts of tissue bank professionals to provide a foundation for the guidance of tissue banking activities. Procurement of allograft tissues from surgical bone donors is a part of tissue banking. During the past decades the use of bone allografts has become widely accepted for the filling of skelectal defects in a variety of surgical procedures. In particular in the field of orthopaedic and oral and maxillofacial surgery the demand for allografts obtained from either living or post-mortem donors has increased. Hospital-based tissue banks mainly retrieve allografts from living donors undergoing primary total hip replacement for osteoarthritis or hemi arthroplasty for hip fractures and orthgnatic surgery such as angle reduction. Although bone banks have existed for many years, the elements of organized and maintaining a hospital bone bank have not been well documented. The experience with a tissue bank at Korea Tissue Bank(KTB) between 2001 and 2004 provides a model of procurement, storage, processing, sterilization and documentation associated with such a facility. The following report describes the standard operating procedures of hard tissues such as femoral head obtained from living donors.

• 의료법학
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.455-492
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• 2009

(Background) Recent biotechnological breakthroughs are shedding new lights on various ethical and legal issues about human biological material. Since Rudolph Virchow, a German pathologist, had founded the medical discipline of cellular pathology, issues centering around human biological materials began to draw attention. The issues involving human biological materials were revisited with more attention along with series concerns when the human genome map was finally completed. Recently, with researches on human genes and bioengineering reaping enormous commercial values in the form of material patent, such changes require a society to reassess the present and future status of human tissue within the legal system. This in turn gave rise to a heated debate over how to protect the rights of material donors: property rule vs. no property rule. (Debate and Cases) Property rule recognizes the donors' property rights on human biological materials. Thus, donors can claim real action if there were any bleach of informed consent or a donation contract. Donors can also claim damages to the responsible party when there is an infringement of property rights. Some even uphold the concept of material patents overtaking. From the viewpoint of no property rule, human biological materials are objects separated from donors. Thus, a recipient or a third party will be held liable if there were any infringement of donor's human rights. Human biological materials should not be commercially traded and a patent based on a human biological materials research does not belong to the donor of the tissues used during the course of research. In the US, two courts, Moore v. Regents of the University of California, and Greenberg v. Miami Children's Hospital Research Institute, Inc., have already decided that research participants retain no ownership of the biological specimens they contribute to medical research. Significantly, both Moore and Greenberg cases found that the researcher had parted with all ownership rights in the tissue samples when they donated them to the institutions, even though there was no provision in the informed consent forms stating either that the participants donated their tissue or waived their rights to ownership of the tissue. These rulings were led to huge controversy over property rights on human tissues. This research supports no property rule on the ground that it can protect the human dignity and prevent humans from objectification and commercialization. Human biological materials are already parted from human bodies and should be treated differently from the engineering and researches of those materials. Donors do not retain any ownership. (Suggestions) No property rule requires a legal breakthrough in the US in terms of donors' rights protection due to the absence of punitive damages provisions. The Donor rights issue on human biological material can be addressed through prospective legislation or tax policies, price control over patent products, and wider coverage of medical insurance. (Conclusions) Amid growing awareness over commercial values of human biological materials, no property rule should be adopted in order to protect human dignity but not without revamping legal provisions. The donors' rights issue in material patents requires prospective legislation based on current uncertainties. Also should be sought are solutions in the social context and all these discussions should be based on sound medical ethics of both medical staffs and researchers.