• Journal of Industrial Technology
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• v.26 no.B
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• pp.163-171
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• 2006

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) integrase plays a critical role in the life cycle of the HIV virus. An ability to accurately map its electrostatic potential, and then use this information to predict the manner in which DNA will bind to the active site of the catalytic domain could provide a foundation for inhibitory design. Attempts to discern the crystal structure of HIV-1 integrase have proven problematic, especially in the region of enzymatic activity, that being those residues involved in the catalysis of the integration of viral DNA into the host cell. However, there is a structural correlation in to the region of interest with avian sarcoma virus (ASV), so a homology model utilizing this similarity was constructed to approximate the behavior/structure of the undetermined portions of the HIV-1 integrase crystal. After this model was constructed and its energy minimized, electrostatic calculations were carried out on the substance, so that an electrostatic potential map was constructed. Using this information, it was determined that DNA binding was oriented so as to exploit the regions of positive potential nearby the active site, as well as the positive potential of the magnesium cofactors.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.405-416
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• 2006

We, in this thesis, examined the similarities and differences of bat patterns in China and Korea, along with a consideration of how two peoples understood bats and how their understanding of bats developed and also influenced the bat patterns. As for research period, the Ming(明) dynasty and the Qing(淸) dynasty in China and the Chosun dynasty in Korea were considered. The subjects of this study included clothes, personal ornaments, and embroidery. This research was done by comparing and analyzing the similarities and differences of two countries' bat patterns. The results of comparing and analyzing Chinese and Korean bat patterns were as follows: In terms of similarity, people of two countries understood bat patterns as the symbol of happiness. Therefore, they were used in clothes, personal ornaments, and daily necessities. In terms of difference, bat patterns of two countries had different shapes. In China, colorful and realistic single bat patterns were shown as intensive composition, whereas in Korea plain and simple bat patterns were used. These differences resulted from different way of understanding of bat patterns. It can be concluded that the bat patterns can be a great cultural commodity with high commercial values, if the traditional pattern is used as a unique element of the Oriental designs and altered and developed to attract consumers' attention.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.1037-1046
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• 2005

Using three consecutive years' harvested rices and their starches isolated from rice flours by alkaline method, it was found that no significant aging effect on rice flour and starch was observed based on following results. Proximate data of flours or starches showed in similarity, except high level of crude fat in rice flour and rice starch harvested in 2002. In SEM, the surface of aged rice flour had slightly layered shape due to possible abrasion during storage, and that of aged starch showed more smooth and less rigid polygonal shape. X-ray diffraction patterns of flours and starches were all A type, and crystallinity of rice starch harvested in 2000 had the smallest. From tristimulus colorimetry (Hunterlab Color), total color difference ($\Delta$E) calculated from L, a, and b gave less color difference with the darkest in 2002 harvested one among flours and the lightest in 2001 one among starches. WBCs of both 2002 rice flour and starch were the lowest among samples studied. At 80$^{\circ}C$, swelling power and solubility of rice starches harvested in 2000, 2001 and 2002 were 14.35, 9.75; 14.04, 9.6; and 12.49, 8.82, respectively. The highest peak viscosities measured by RVA were shown both in 2001 rice flour and in its starch. Starch and milled rice flour harvested in 2000 had higher hydrolytic $\alpha$-amylase, compared to other flour and starch samples.

• The Journal of Korean Society of Virology
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.23-31
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• 1999

Hantavirus is a genus of the Bunyaviridae family causing two serious diseases, hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS). Puumala virus is a member of hantavirus originally found in Europe, and its natural reservoir is Clethrionomys glareolus. It is also associated with the human disease nephropathia epidemica, a milder form of HFRS. To identify the hantaviruses in bats, bats were collected from Jeong-Sun, Won-Joo, Chung-Ju and Hwa-Cheon area in Korea, and nested RT-PCR was performed with serotype specific primer from M segment. Interestingly, Puumala virus was detected in bats (Rhinolophus ferrum-equinum) only from Won-Joo. The 327 bp nested RT-PCR product, was sequenced. The sequence database search indicates that the sequence is homologous to the published sequence of Puumala viruses. The sequence similarities were ranged from 71% to 97%. The highest sequence similarity was 97% with Puumala virus Vranicam strain, and the lowest was 71% with Puumala virus K27 isolate. Puumala virus Vranicam strain was isolated from a bank vole (Clethrionomys glareolus) in Bosnia-Hercegovina. Puumala virus K27 was isolated from human in Russia. This analysis confirms that bats (Rhinolophus ferrum-equinum) in Korea are natural reservoir of Puumala virus.

• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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• 2008.10a
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• pp.90-95
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• 2008

이미 국외에서는 WordNet과 같은 의미적 언어자원을 활용한 문서 유사도 측정에 관한 많은 연구가 진행되고 있다. 그러나 국내에서는 아직 WordNet과 같은 언어자원이 부족하여, 이를 바탕으로 한 문서 유사도 측정 방법이나 그 결과를 활용하는 방법에 관한 연구가 미흡하다. 기존에 국내에서 사용된 문서 유사도 측정법들은 대부분 문서 내에 출현하는 어휘들의 의미에 기반하기 보다는, 그 어휘들의 단순 매칭이나 빈도수를 이용한 가중치 측정법, 또는 가중치를 이용한 중요 어휘 추출방법들 이었다. 이 때문에, 기존의 유사도 측정법들은 문서의 문맥정보를 포함하지 못하고, 어휘의 빈도를 구하기 위하여 대용량의 문서집합에 의존적이며, 또한 특정 개념(의미)을 다른 어휘로 표현하거나, 유사/관련 어휘가 사용된 유사 문서에 대한 처리가 미흡하였다. 본 논문에서는 이에 착안하여 한국어 어휘 의미망인 U-WIN과 문맥에 사용된 어휘들의 overlap 정보를 사용하여, 단순히 어휘에 기반하지 않고, 기본적인 문맥정보를 활용하며, 어휘의 의미에 기반을 둔 문서유사도 측정법을 제안한다.

• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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• 2008.10a
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• pp.162-166
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• 2008

본 연구는 말뭉치로부터 추출된 정보를 사용하여 대화 시스템에 필요한 과정들을 통합 처리하는 시스템을 제안한다. 기존 연구는 영역 확장 시 대화 시스템의 각 과정들을 위해 많은 노력이 필요하였지만, 제안하는 방법은 말뭉치를 사용하여 각 과정들을 통합적으로 업데이트함으로서 이 문제를 해결하고자 한다. 사용자 입력문장과 말뭉치의 각 문장들 간의 유사도 계산을 통하여 의미적으로 가장 유사한 말뭉치 문장의 정보를 이용하고, 시스템 응답에 필요한 정보를 선택한다. 또한, 문맥에 관련된 정보를 자동으로 추출하여 대화 관리를 위한 대화 전이 네트워크(network)를 생성한다. 따라서, 제안 시스템은 말뭉치의 추가 및 수정만으로 새로운 영역 확장과 관리에 용이한 구조를 갖는다. 실험으로 관찰한 제안된 시스템의 성능은 유사도 계산 만족도 약 77%, 시스템 응답의 적절성 약 84%로 충분히 작업 수행이 가능한 점수를 보여주었다.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.397-402
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• 1992

The cDNA of RNA segment coding for VP7 of human rotavirus isolated from patient's stool at Seoul area was synthesized, amplified by polymerase chain reaction, field in with Klenow fragment of DNA polymerase I and cloned into pUC19. The cDNA sequence was determined and compared with that of VP7 coding RNA segments of group A rotaviruses isolates in foreign country. Over 90% sequence homology was found with serotyppe I sepcific WA1 and RE9 strains. Comparative analysis of the deduced amino acid sequences within the two variable regions (amino acid residue 87 through 101 and 208 through 221) with WA1 and RE9 strains also showed high degree of sequence similarity with each other.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.121-137
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• 1998

In this article, the authors studied the characteristics of Costumes used in the Chung Won(中原) District through Shymui(沈衣) and Dopo(道袍) which was widely used as Confucian traditional costume. It was concluded that the costumes in the Chung Won district are very similar to those of Seoul area. The reason for the similarity was due, in addition to nearness to Seoul, to the mixed cultural background during Sam Kuk(三國) dynasty and due to the influence of many returned scholars who are accustomed to the life of ruling class while in Government position in Seoul during Lee Dynasty(李朝). The traditional characteristics of Dopo in Chung Won District also is, unlike other area, very similar to Seoul. Dopo in An Dong(安東) and Kang Nung(江陵) Districts have no parting line in the back while that of Seoul area had parting line. The material used for the Dopo in An Dong area was mainly Sambae and in Seoul Moshi or Myung Ju was the major material for the normal occasion and Sambae was used for the Dopo for funerals.

• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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• 2009.10a
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• pp.44-49
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• 2009

통계기계번역에서 도메인에 특화된 번역을 시도하여 성능향상을 얻는 방법이 있다. 이를 위하여 문장의 유형이나 장르에 따라 클러스터링을 수행한다. 그러나 기존의 연구 중 문장의 유형 정보와 장르에 따른 정보를 동시에 사용한 경우는 없었다. 본 논문에서는 문장 사이의 문법적 구조 유사성으로 문장을 유형별로 분류하는 새로운 기법을 제시하였고, 단어 유사도 정보로 문서의 장르를 구분하여 기존의 두 기법을 통합하였다. 이렇게 분류된 말뭉치에서 추출한 모델과 전체 말뭉치에서 추출된 모델에서 보간법(interpolation)을 사용하여 통계기계번역의 성능을 향상하였다. 문장구조의 유사성과 단어 유사도 계산을 위하여 각각 커널과 코사인 유사도를 적용하였으며, 두 유사도를 적용하여 말뭉치를 분류하는 과정은 K-Means 알고리즘과 유사한 기계학습 기법을 사용하였다. 이를 일본어-영어의 특허문서에서 실험한 결과 최선의 경우 약 2.5%의 상대적인 성능 향상을 얻었다.

• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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• 2016.10a
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• pp.128-133
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• 2016

문장유사도 분석은 문서 평가 자동화에 활용될 수 있는 중요한 기술이다. 최근 순환신경망을 이용한 인코더-디코더 언어 모델이 기계학습 분야에서 괄목할만한 성과를 거두고 있다. 본 논문에서는 한국어 형태 소임베딩 모델과 GRU(Gated Recurrent Unit)기반의 인코더를 제시하고, 이를 이용하여 언어모델을 한국어 위키피디아 말뭉치로부터 학습하고, 한국어 질의응답 시스템에서 질문에 대한 정답을 유추 할 수 있는 증거문장을 찾을 수 있도록 문장유사도를 측정하는 방법을 제시한다. 본 논문에 제시된 형태소임베딩 모델과 GRU 기반의 인코딩 모델을 이용하여 문장유사도 측정에 있어서, 기존 글자임베딩 방법에 비해 개선된 결과를 얻을 수 있었으며, 질의응답 시스템에서도 유용하게 활용될 수 있음을 알 수 있었다.