• 대한한의학회지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.125-134
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• 2016

Objectives: The aim of this study is to develop diagnostic questionnaires for the lumbar movement system impairment syndrome. Methods: We had reviewed the previous study and literature and organized various checkable items for differential diagnosis of five different lumbar movement system impairment syndromes. Next, we selected items which can be developed as questionnaire items. Finally, we conducted face validity study with eight Korean medicine doctors and survey research for the importance score of the items with three experts. Results: We developed a diagnostic questionnaire as followings: 6 items for lumbar extension syndrome; 5 items for lumbar flexion syndrome; 6 items for lumbar rotation syndrome. With the 2 rounds of survey research, we could bridge the differences of the importance score of each items. Conclusions: Questionnaire for the diagnosis of movement system impairment syndrome was developed. With this questionnaire, objective diagnosis of lumbar movement system impairment syndrome can be expected. This tool may also be used for detecting sub-health status of musculoskeletal systems.

• 해양환경안전학회:학술대회논문집
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• 해양환경안전학회 2007년도 추계학술발표회
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• pp.139-144
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• 2007

선박에서 발생하는 진동은 여객의 안락감을 결정하거나 승조원의 근무환경에 미치는 영향이 크므로 매우 중요하다 선박에서 발생하는 진동은 선박의 속도를 좌우하는 추진방식의 발달과 가장 밀접한 관계가 있다. 이와 같이 추진력을 발생하기위하여 선박의 기관실에는 디젤엔진의 연속적인 폭발과정에서 기인하는 강력한 진동이 발생하게 된다. 진동이 인체에 미치는 피해는 생리적인 피해와 심리적인 피해로 발생하게 된다. 진동 환경에 인체가 노출되는 경우, 선내의 진동에 대한 평가는 국제표준화지침인 ISO 6954:2000(E)에 의해 정하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 선박에서 진동이 인체에 미칠 수 있는 영향을 평가하기위해 ISO 6954:2000(E)에서 규정하는 지침에 의해 선박진동의 영향이 가장 큰 기관실, 기관제어실, 각종선설 및 브리지 등에서 발생하는 진동의 크기를 측정 비교하여 평가한다.

• 한국발생생물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국발생생물학회 1998년도 제4차 학술발표대회 및 정기총회
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• pp.12-18
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• 1998

Tremendous progress has been made over the past quarter-century studying the genetics of gametogenesis and the resulting gametes and embryos. Studies merging molecular techniques and conventional cytogenetics are now beginning to bridge the gap between what we have learned about the meiotic process in males and females and what we know of the mitotic chromosomes of zygotes. Numerical abnormalities in sperm, oocytes and embryo can now diagnosed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). "At risk" couples can, therefore, have only unaffected embryos replaced in the sterus and avoid the possibility of terminating a pregnancy that might only be diagnosed as affected later gestation. Single-cell genetic analysis has also provided powerful tools for studying genetic defects arising during early human development. Recent studies of sperms, oocytes and cleavage-stage human embryos have revealed an unexpectedly high incidence. These genetic abnormalities are likely to contribute to early pregnancy loss and have important implications for improving pregnancy rates in infertile couples by assisted reproduction. The widespread use of preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) awaits further documentatio of safety and accuracy. Other issues also must be addressed. First, the ethical issues regarding germ cell and embryo screening must be addressed including what diseases are serious enough to warrant the procedure. Another concern is the use of this technology for non-genetic disorders such as gender selection. Finally, the experimental nature of these procedure must continually be discussed with patients, and long-term follow-up studies must be undertaken. Development of more accurate and less expensive assays coupled with improved assisted reproductive technology success rates may make PGD a more widely use clinical tool. The future awaits these development.velopment.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.677-687
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• 2016

Industrialization and urbanization are the two phenomena that are going relentless all over the world. The consequence of this economic success has been a massive increase in waste on one hand and increasing demand for suitable sites for construction on the other. Owing to the surplus raw materials and energy requirement needed for manufacturing synthetic fibers, applications of waste fibers for reinforcing soils evidenced to offer economic and environmental benefits. The main objective of the proposed work is to explore the possibilities of improving the strength of soil using fly ash waste as an admixture and Human Hair Fiber (HHF) as reinforcement such that they can be used for construction of embankments and land reclamation projects. The effect of fiber content on soil - fly ash mixture was observed through a series of laboratory tests such as compaction tests, CBR and unconfined compression tests. From the stress - strain curves, it was observed that the UCC strength for the optimised soil - flyash mixture reinforced with 0.75% human hair fibers is nearly 2.85 times higher than that of the untreated soil. Further, it has been noticed that there is about 7.73 times increase in CBR for the reinforced soil compared to untreated soil. This drastic increase in strength may be due to the fact that HHF offer more pull-out resistance which makes the fibers act like a bridge to prevent further cracking and thereby it improves the toughness which in turn prevent the brittle failure of soil-flyash specimen. Hence, the test results reveal that the inclusion of randomly distributed HHF in soil significantly improves the engineering properties of soil and can be effectively utilized in pavements. SEM analysis explained the change of microstructures and the formation of hydration products that offered increase in strength and it was found to be in accordance with strength tests.

• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.207-212
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• 2015

사회기반시설물인 교량은 인적/물적 자원의 신속하고 원활한 이동을 위해 지장물을 극복하도록 설계/시공되는 구조물이다. 그러므로 교량의 교축방향으로 배열되는 교각의 형상과 규모는 지형의 제약을 받을 수밖에 없다. 이러한 교각의 형상과 규모는 지진하중의 전달경로를 결정하는 연결부분 배열과 함께 연결부분과 교각에 발생하는 작용력을 좌우하게 된다. 이 연구에서는 강재받침과 철근콘크리트 기둥을 연결부분과 교각으로 하는 일반교량을 대상으로 교각 및 강재받침 배열이 다른 해석모델을 설정하여 지진해석을 수행하였다. 해석결과로 구한 교각기둥과 강재받침의 강도/작용력 비로부터 각 해석모델의 연성파괴메카니즘을 구성하고 연결부분 및 교각 배열이 일반교량의 내진성능에 미치는 영향을 연성파괴메카니즘 구성 측면에서 제시하였다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.149-162
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• 2008

Aquatic and riparian vegetation of river ecosystems are very important both in ecological and management perspectives. Vegetation surveys were conducted to understand the characteristics of riparian vegetation in the mid and lower reaches of the Nakdong River, Korea. A total of 68 families and 260 species were identified at eleven survey sites. The numbers of taxa were similar to those reported in a previous survey in 1996,but the percentage of naturalized plants increased more than two times compared to that in the previous survey. Survey sites near Yangsan Bridge and Nambu Park in Yangsan showed the highest percentage of naturalized plant species. Urbanization indices of the survey sites were high at 18.8% on average. Therophytes were the most dominant plant life form at the survey sites with 39.2% of total plants identified, followed by phanerophytes (19.2%), hemicryptophytes (18.9%), aquatic plants (13.9%), cryptophytes (5.8%), and chamaephytes (3.1%). The relative composition of hemicryptophytes decreased whereas those of therophytes and chamaephytes increased compared to those in the survey in 1996. This may be due to increase in dryness of riparian soils or degradation of riparian areas. Plant compositions at sites near Jeokpo Bridge and Hwoicheon suggest that the composition and distribution of riparian vegetation are affected by land use pattern surrounding riparian areas or human accessibility to the areas.

• Progress in Superconductivity
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.6-10
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• 2005

We have studied feasibility of single-layer second-order $high-T_c$ SQUID gradiometers in magnetocardiography. We have measured human cardiomagnetic signals using a short-baseline (5.8 mm) single-layer second-order YBCO gradiometer in partially shielded environments. The gradiometer has an overall size of $17.6\;mm{\times}6\;mm$ and contains three parallel-connected pickup coils which are directly coupled to a step-edge junction SQUID. The gradiometer showed an unshielded gradient noise of $0.84\;pT/cm^2/Hz^{1/2}$ at 1 Hz, which corresponds to an equivalent field noise of $280\;fT/Hz^{1/2}$. The balancing factor was $10^3$. Based on the same design rules as the short-baseline devices, we have studied fabrication of 30 mm-long baseline gradiometers. The devices had an overall size of $70.2\;mm{\times}10.6\;mm$ with each pickup coil of $10\;mm{\times}10\;mm$ in outer size. As Josephson elements we made two types of submicron bridges, which are variable thickness bridge (VTB) and constant thickness bridge (CTB), from $3\;{\mu}m-wide$ and 300 nm-thick YBCO lines with a thin layer of Au on top by using a focused ion beam (FIB) patterning method. VTB was 300 nm wide, 200 nm thick, 30 nm long with Au removed and CTB 100 nm wide and 30 nm long. In temperature-dependent critical currents, $I_c(T)$, VTB showed an nonmetallic barrier-type behavior and CTB an SNS behavior. We believe that those characteristics are ascribed to naturally formed grain boundaries crossing the bridges.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.297-305
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• 2016

2015년부터 한국에서 시행된 "탄소배출권 거래제"로 인해 각 분야에서 환경문제에 대응하고자 하는 움직임이 커지고 있다. 특히 환경부하량의 정확한 산출이 어려운 건설 분야에서는 ISO 14040 Series의 LCA (Life Cycle Assessment)를 적용하여 환경부하량을 산출하고자 하는 움직임이 지속되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 PSC beam 교량의 시공중 발생하는 환경부하량을 전과정 평가(Life Cycle Assessment, LCA) 방법론을 기반으로 분석하였다. 총 34개의 교량을 대상으로 분석한 결과, 건설 자재별 환경부하량은 레미콘(53.3%), 선재(9.6%), 철근(7.8%), 시멘트(6.8%) 합판(5.5%), 에너지(5.2%) 순으로 도출되었으며, 환경 범주별 환경부하량은 지구온난화(45.5%), 자원고갈(30.4%), 인체독성(10.5%), 광화학산화물생성(8.9%) 순으로 도출되었다. 향후 LCA를 기획 및 설계 단계에서 도입한다면, 환경부하를 고려한 의사결정을 수행할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 대한지구과학교육학회지
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.235-244
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• 2012

This study examined the learning tendency & social characteristics and the science camp participation attitude of the global science talented and the science gifted c. The survey was carried out on children who are taking part in Global Bridge project group and in Science Education Institute for the gifted S National University of education. The results of this study were as follows. First, the science gifted children was more superior to the global science talented, when it comes to task commitment and fluency, creativity, enthusiasm for learning on the learning tendency. Second, the science gifted children have much more sociality than the global science talented in the sense of social characteristics. The global science talented showed lack of interpersonal relationship & confidence for human relationship. Third, both parties were positive in terms of attitude which participating science camp. It was proved that science camp made a positive affect on both groups in several senses such as improving awareness & attitude of science activity and enhancing sociality. As a result, unlike ordinary program for the science gifted children, one for the global science talented in global bridge project is highly demanded that it should be considered the characteristics of the multi-cultural students. Moreover, it might be considered that educational circumstance would be needed, under which it is able to stimulates students' scientific curiosity throughout launching science hands-on program, such as systemized science camp etc.

• 인문언어
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• 제5권
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• pp.167-192
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• 2003

When Hart Crane′s poem cycle The Bridge was published in 1930, a group of influential reviewers accused Crane of immaturity, sentimentality, and lack of focus. They condemned crane′s wayward, fuzzy mysticism as backwards-looking and self-defeating. Even sympathetic critics, such as Harold Bloom, have consistently portrayed Crane′s poetry as the pyrotechnic final fizzle of late romanticism. These persistent, public reservations, however, have not prevented an impressive proliferation in secondary literature concerning Crane since the late 1960s. His promiscuity, alcoholism, erratic behavior, relative poverty, tragic death, and total commitment to art have since earned him the labels of New World Rimbaud and proto-Beat. His colorful career thus explains in part his retrospective fame. Nevertheless, living hard and dying young do not guarantee artistic immortality. This article poses questions as to why Crane has mattered so much to subsequent generations of U.S. readers and what these readers find so compelling in his poetry. The answer, I would argue, lies in Crane′s idiosyncratic use of language. Far from striving for transparency, he writes in an inimitably obstructive, artificial manner. There is something seductive and absurd in his wild use of words here, I would further argue, we discover the reason behind both Crane′s enduring appeal and his supposed inadequacy as a writer. Crane did "torture" syntax, semantics, and conventional associations, not because he saw his unusual language as an eccentric mannerism but because he saw it as a tool in the service of constructing a "myth of America" and reintegrating the human and divine. Understanding thy he considered this to be the case clarifies Crane′s achievement and illuminates why his work still seems so relevant today.