• Computers and Concrete
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.269-280
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• 2009

In this paper an experimental study of the influence of hot springs curing upon concrete properties was carried out. The primary variables of the investigation include water-to-binder ratio (W/B), pozzolanic material content and curing condition. Three types of hot springs, in the range $40-90^{\circ}C$, derived from different regions in Taiwan were adopted for laboratory testing of concrete curing. In addition, to compare with the laboratory results, compressive strength and durability of practical concrete were conducted in a tunnel construction site. The experimental results indicate that when concrete comprising pozzolanic materials was cured by a hot spring with high temperature, its compressive strength increased rapidly in the early ages due to high temperature and chloride ions. In the later ages, the trend of strength development decreased obviously and the strength was even lower than that of the standard cured one. The results of durability test show that concrete containing 30-40% Portland cement replacement by pozzolanic materials and with W/B lower than 0.5 was cured in a hot spring environment, then it had sufficient durability to prevent steel corrosion. Similar to the laboratory results, the cast-inplace concrete in a hot spring had a compressive strength growing rapidly at the earlier age and slowly at the later age. The results of electric resistance and permeability tests also show that concrete in a hot spring had higher durability than those cured in air. In addition, there was no neutralization reaction being observed after the 360-day neutralization test. This study demonstrates that the concrete with enough compressive strength and durability is suitable for the cast-in-place structure being used in hot spring areas.

• 지질학회지
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• 제54권5호
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• pp.529-544
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• 2018

잔류마그마형 온천에 속하는 동래온천은 신라시대부터 목욕용으로 이용되어온 긴 역사를 가지는 온천이다. 긴 시간 동안 온천수 개발로 인하여 동래온천의 온천수 부존량 변화가 예상되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 동래온천의 수위 변동 자료를 분석하여 온천수위의 장기적 변화 특성을 규명하였다. 1992년 1월부터 2018년 7월까지 동래온천의 두 개의 관정에서 온천수위 변동을 분석한 결과, No. 27관정에서 연 평균 지표 하 수위는 최소 71.60 m, 최대 137.70 m, 평균은 103.39 m, No. 29관정에서 최소 71.70 m, 최대 137.80 m, 평균 103.49 m로서 동절기에 온천수위가 하강하고 하절기에 상승하는 변동 특성을 보이며, 최근으로 올수록 온천수위 하강율이 커지는 경향성을 보인다. 각 관정들의 자기 상관분석 결과, 상관계수는 0.919 ~ 0.991로서 계절적인 지하수위 변동이 지속되는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 온천수위와 강수량 및 동래온천 이용량의 교차상관 분석 결과, 강수량과의 상관계수는 -0.280 ~ 0.256, 이용량과의 상관계수는 0.428 ~ 0.553으로서 온천수 이용량에 의해서 온천수위의 변동이 더 크게 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서, 1992년부터 2018년까지 동래온천 수위 자료를 이용하여 Mann-Kendall 검정과 Sen의 검정으로 경향성을 분석한 결과, 온천수위의 지속적인 하강은 여러 원인 중 온천수 이용량이 가장 주요한 원인으로 판단된다.

• 한국의사학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.61-78
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• 2001

Time and places of hot spring-bath were diverse such as at succeeding to the throne, after abdication, during Crown Prince and etc. Generally, average staying time was about 20 days. Beside the healing purpose, hot spring-bath was taken to inspect the people's conditions, to reduce compulsory labor or tax, to carry out "Kwagoh", the old state examination or to console the people.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.369-377
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• 2000

Hot spring water is petrifaction water and mixed with animals and plants disintegrated water in the underground. The ingredient are complicated and abundant. The contained element is used to facilitate the function of human body. activate the human structure movement. discharge waste material due to increase circulation and metabolism, also it can remain the homeostasis. We can not find research for spa therapy in our country. We use to drink and bath in the hot spring water bue don't have rehabilitation facilities

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2008년도 추계학술대회A
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• pp.538-543
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• 2008

A roller with a shaft and hot oil paths for pressing electrodes of polymer batteries were modeled and analyzed by FEM. There are many hot oil tubes in the roller and shaft, through which $72^{\circ}C$ hot oil flows for heating the surface of a roller and shaft. Thermal deformations and temperatures distributions of the roller and shaft were calculated and a convection boundary condition on surfaces was used. The influence of existence of a groove in the shaft on the flatness of a roller surface caused by thermal deformation was investigated. In addition, the amount of spring-back of electrodes under vacuum pressure and heating was calculated after the hot rolling process. It was shown from this study that the groove in one shaft had a favorable effect on the surface flatness.

• 소성∙가공
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.101-107
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• 2017

Aluminum alloys are widely used in automotive industry because of their high strength-to-density ratio and excellent corrosion resistance. However, conventional cold stamping of aluminum alloys leads to low formability and excessive spring-back. To overcome these problems, Hot Forming Quenching (HFQ) is applied to manufacture automotive part using aluminum alloy. The purpose of this study is to investigate effect of forming temperature on spring-back in HFQ of T6 heat treated AA6061 sheet. In this study, hat shape forming test was adopted to evaluate spring-back characteristics according to various forming temperatures. In additions, the test was also performed with warm forming conditions in comparison with dimensional accuracy of HFQed part. The experimental results showed that dimensional accuracy of HFQed part was superior to warm formed part and amount of spring-back was decreased as forming temperature rise.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지하수토양환경학회 2004년도 임시총회 및 추계학술발표회
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• pp.115-118
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• 2004

The purpose of this research is to investigate the noble gas isotope and the hydrochemical characteristics of hot springs in the Chungcheong area in Korea. This study was carried. out by the financial support of Korea-Japan joint research program of KOSEF, Noble gases are very useful tracers to investigate volatile elements circulation, because of their unique isotopic compositions in various reservoirs of the Earth. Isotopic ratios of noble gases has been carried out for If hot-spring samples from Daejon and its near areas in Korea last January 2004. Helium isotope ratio gave the evidence that helium gas of different origins(air-crust mixing origin, crust-origin and mantle-origin) is supplied into hot-spring waters in Korea. We found the distinct relationship between temperature of hot springs and helium gas origin.

• 암석학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.60-71
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• 2006

인천광역시 강화군의 석모도는 주로 흑운모 화강암과 각섬석 화강섬록암으로 구성되어 있으며, 각섬석 화강섬록암에 의해 흑운모 화강암은 남과 북으로 양분된다. 남쪽의 흑운모 화강암 지역에서는 수온이 $72^{\circ}C$에 달하는 Na-Cl형의 고온성 온천이 산출된다. 흑운모 화강암의 Rb-Sr 전암연대는 각섬석 화강섬록암을 기준으로 북쪽에 분포하는 흑운모 화강암은 $207{\pm}70Ma$이고 Sr 초기치는 0.7132이다. 그리고 주로 남쪽에 분포하는 흑운모 화강암은 $132{\pm}50Ma$이고 Sr 초기치는 0.7125로서 양 화강암체가 지각기원물질의 마그마로부터 생성되었음을 지시해준다. 남북의 흑운모 화강암과 각섬석 화강섬록암체는 칼크-알칼리계열의 마그마로부터 분화되어온 특징을 보여주며, Rb과 Y+Nb 그리고 Yb+Ta의 상관관계도는 충돌대환경에서 마그마가 형성되었음을 지시해준다. 2005년과 2006년의 3월에 채취된 온천수의 Sr 동위원소비는 0.714507와 0.714518로서 거의 변화가 없고, 이 값은 남쪽에 흑운모 화강암의 Sr 동위원소비의 현재값과 거의 일치한다. 이와 같은 온천수의 Sr 동위원소비는 석모도내 온천수가 흑운모 화강암과 밀접한 연관성이 있음을 지시해주는 것이다.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2003년도 Proceedings of ACRS 2003 ISRS
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• pp.28-30
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• 2003

Hot Spring Law of Taiwan was passed in legislative assembly on 3 June 2003. Hot springs would become one of the most important natural resources for recreation purposes. Both public and private sectors will invest large amount of capital in this area in the near future. The value of remote sensing technology is to give a critical tool for observing the landscape to find out mega-scaled geological structures, which may not be able to be found by conventional approaches. The occurrences of the hot springs in Taiwan are mostly in metamorphic and sedimentary rocks , other than in volcanic environments. Local geothermal anomaly or heat of springs transfer by liquid convection other than conduction or radiation. The deeply -seated fractures of hard rocks are the conduit of the convection of hot water, which could be as deep as 3000 meters in a hypothetical model of Taiwan. Clues to find outcrops of hot spring can be obtained by a structure-controlled model deduced by geological lineaments observed by satellite images and stereoscopic interpretation of aerial photographs. A case study conducted in Eastern Taiwan will be demonstrated.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제42권6호
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• pp.541-548
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• 2009

한반도 남동부에 위치한 동래온천은 우리나라의 대표적인 고온성 온천중의 하나이다. 동래온천수의 수질형태는 Na-Cl형이고, 상부의 일반 천부지하수는Ca(-Na)-$HCO_3$ 형으로서 서로 간에 연결성이 매우 미약하다. 이 논문에서는 동래 온천수의 $^{87}Sr/^{86}Sr$비와 AMS를 이용하여 측정한 $^{14}C$ 동위원소 년대를 토대로 동래온천수의 나이 즉 온천수-지하수-지표수-천수간의 순환속도를 토의하고자 한다. 연구결과, 2008년도의 2차례에 걸쳐 채취된 동래온천수의 $^{87}Sr/^{86}Sr$비는 0.705663-0.705688로 매우 안정된 값을 갖고 있으며, 이는 천부지하수, 지표수, 해수 및 천수보다 낮은 값이다. $^{14}C$ 동위원소 연대에 의하면, 온천수는 1271년에서 2467년 비보정연대(BP)를 보여주고, 지표수는 -495년으로 나타났다. 이는 동래온천수의 순환속도가 적어도 2500년 이상임을 지시해준다. 이와 같은 순환연대는 현재 사용되고 있는 동래온천수는 과거에 가열된 고온의 물과 현재의 천부지하수와의 혼합수임을 지시해주는 것이다.