• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.400-409
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• 2020

This descriptive research study investigated the mediating effect of positive psychological capital (PPC) on the relationship between emotional labor (EL) and job satisfaction (JS) of clinical nurses. The data was collected from 274 nurses working for two hospitals in the D city, Korea, from 7 Sep. 2016 through 23 Sep. 2016. General characteristics, EL, JS, and PPC were surveyed using structured questionnaires. Statistical analysis was performed using descriptive statistics, ANOVA, and stepwise multiple regression analysis with SPSS/WIN 21.0. The mediating effect of PPC on the relationship between EL and JS was tested using Baron & Kenny's 3-step hierarchical regression analysis. There were negative correlations between EL and JS (r=-.36, p<.001) and EL and PPC (r=-.25, p<.001) and a positive correlation between JS and PPC (r=.47, p<.001). In addition, the PPC, had a partial mediating effect (z=-3.44, p=.001) on the relationship between EL and JS. It is proposed, based on the results, to develop an organized intervention program that enhances job satisfaction by reducing emotional labor and strengthening positive psychological capital in clinical nurses.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.65-73
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• 2013

The objective of this paper is to suggest future goals and strategies for social work in hospice and palliative care in Korea by understanding its historical background. Both literature review and participant observation were performed to examine historical data relating to social work in hospice and palliative care in Korea. Also reviewed were the current trends with a focus on the roles of social workers in the said arena, qualifications, education, research and medical insurance policy. First of all, the roles of social workers do not appear to be clearly defined in the field of hospice and palliative care, which seems to lead to the lack of recognition as professional workers. The qualification standard for social workers in hospice and palliative care remains inadequate. Second, there seems to be insufficient professional social worker training resources, in terms of both the number of educators and training programs. Third, social workers in Korea produce significantly less publications than those in other professions. There is also a dearth of qualified evidence-based research that is needed to prove benefits of intervention and ultimately for policy implications. Last, the current medical insurance policy needs to be revised to secure fees for social work services and dedicated full-time social workers in hospice and palliative care. Korea needs to approach social work in hospice and palliative care with specific goals to develop future strategies. Related infrastructure and an executive structure should be established via networking and partnership with academic societies, associations and schools.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.193-200
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• 2013

Objectives : This study is to examine the effects of moxibustion at Junggeuk(CV3), Singwol(CV8) on women's urinary incontinence and quality of life. The study is a research based on the non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design. Methods : The subjects of the study were 45 women who were using either of 2 health clinics located in Ulsan. They were sampled in accordance with predetermined standards and then divided into the experimental and control groups, respectively consisting of 22 and 23 members. In treating those women through moxibustion, this researcher applied 2 sheets of 'shingigu' to each of the women on 40 min, per time basis. This experiment was conducted 6 times in total for 2 weeks on every two day basis. Data from all of the measurements were statistically processed and analyzed using SPSS/WIN 12.0. Demographic characteristics of the subjects were examined and indicated in frequency and percentage. The homogeneity test of the two groups was conducted using $x^2$-test, Fisher's exact test, t-test and Mann-Whitney U Test. Hypotheses set for the study were verified through t-test and Mann-Whitney U Test. Results : The experimental group who take moxibustion will be lower in the severeness of urinary incontinence than the control group who do not was supported(p<0.001). 2. The experimental group who take moxibustion will be higher in score for life quality than the control group who do not was supported(U=42.00, p<0.001). Conclusions : These findings suggest that moxibustion can be an effective intervention for women having urinary incontinence because it treats the symptom with no adverse effect and it is non-invasive and easily applicable.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.512-520
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• 2006

Purpose: To investigate the risk factors of arthritis, this study was carried out with 1,829 Korean women aged between 40-64 who responded to a health behavior survey. Methods: Data were extracted from the results of the 2001 National Survey on Health and Nutrition conducted by the Ministry of Health and Welfare. Results: 1 Financial difficulty and continuous anxiety about health were directly associated with arthritis. The odd ratios of these two factors of arthritis were 1.43 and 1.82 respectively. 2. With regard to the presence or absence of arthritis according to demographic characteristic, the incidence of arthritis was higher in the age between 50-64, in the group whose education level was middle school or lower, and in those who experienced the death of spouse, divorce or separation. Nevertheless, it was not significantly different according to financial status and employment status. 3. Concerning the presence or absence of arthritis according to psychological characteristic, the incidence of arthritis was found to be higher in those who were not healthy by subjective health assessment, in those who were always anxious about their health, in those who were always depressed and sad, and in those who felt heavy stress. 4. With regard to the presence or absence of arthritis according to the health behavior, the incidence of arthritis was higher in postmenopausal cases and cases who were having hormone therapy, and the incidence of arthritis was higher in those who did not drink alcohol, those with BMI higher than 25, and those who slept shorter than 7 hours a day. Conclusion: Based on the above results, it is required to provide a means applicable to communities by developing preventive education that can prevent the incidence of arthritis in middle-aged women as well as intervention programs.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.215-231
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to examine what factors affected patients who suffered from essential hypertension compliance with health behaviors, to help build a successful strategy to step up their compliance with health behaviors, and to seek effective ways to implement health education programs for patients with chronic disease. The subjects in this study were 60 people selected from among the patients who were diagnosed by physicians as having essential hypertension in S General Hospital in the city of P from April 10 through July 30, 2000, after health education was provided four times a month. The quasi- experimental design based on a control group pretest-posttest design was employed. The subjects were divided into three groups of 20 patients each： one was an experimental group to receive education in one-to-one interview, another was an experimental group to receive education as a group, and the third was a control group. The two experimental groups learned the same material through different methods, and the control group was given the same teaching materials and asked to comply with health behaviors on their own without instruction. After the three-week education was implemented in different ways, their compliance with health behaviors was measured. Collected data was analyzed by t-test, paired test, one-way analysis of variance, correlation analysis and regression analysis procedures. The findings of this study were as follows： 1. Concerning the effective type of health education, the group education produced the best results, followed by the one-to-one interviews and the sole use of print media. 2. Regarding the effect of compliance with health behaviors, the group- educated group got the highest score in compliance with health behaviors, but blood pressure lowered more significantly in the individual interview group. And the compliance with health behaviors had a significant negative correlational relationship with both systolic and diastolic blood pressure. 3. Parameter that had most significant correlational relationship with compliance with health behaviors was health locus of control, followed by self-efficacy and health perception. But there was no significant correlational relationship between compliance with health behaviors and knowledge of hypertension. 4. As a result of analyzing the impact of knowledge of hypertension, health locus of control, self-efficacy and health perception on compliance with health behaviors, self-efficacy was found to exercise most influence. Above-mentioned findings suggested that group education or one- to-one discussion would be more effective for health care for hypertension in koreans, as they could serve to have patients realize their own responsibility for health and to motivate their compliance with health behaviors, and there was a need to more positively utilize educational intervention for patients with chronic diseases, which could elevate not only compliance with health behaviors but self-efficacy.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.10
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• pp.313-321
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to identify the associated factors on the metabolic syndrome among inpatients with schizophrenia. Methods: The participants were 127 inpatients with schizophrenia from G mental hospital in G city. Collected data were analized with SPSS 22.0 using descriptive statistics, ${\chi}^2$-test, t-test and logistic regression. Results: Metabolic syndrome prevalence of the participants was 46.5%. There were statistically significant differences according to physical disease (${\chi}^2=11.51$, p<.001), body mass index (${\chi}^2=13.59$, p<.001), perception of obesity (${\chi}^2=8.38$, p<.001), and taking olanzapine (${\chi}^2=6.31$, p<.05). Conclusion: Based on the study results, the nursing intervention for prevention and management of metabolic syndrome is needed to develop and provide to schizophrenia patients.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.132-142
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• 1998

This study was conducted to investigate whether exercise therapy applied in an efficacy expectation promoting program based on the self-efficacy theory of Bandura(1977) would increase self-efficacy and metabolism in NIDDM patients. The study design was a nonequivalent control group pre-test post-test quasi-experimental desist The exercise therapy applied in the efficacy expectation promoting program was composed of a staged exercise program, a small booklet relating personal experience with diabetes mellitus and a telephone coaching program on performance accomplishment. vicarious experience and verbal persuasion, which are all induction modes of efficacy expectation. The subjects of the study were twenty eight NIDDM patients who received follow-up care regularly through the out-patient department of endocrine medicine in one general hospital which had a diabetic clinic. Fourteen were assigned to the experimental group and fourteen to the control group. The experimental group participated in the exercise therapy applied in the efficacy expectation promoting program from three to five times per week for four weeks and the control group did not have the program. The collected data were analyzed using the X²-test, t-test, paired t-test, and Cronbach's Alpha using SPSS /PC/sup +/. The results are summarized as follows 1. Experimental group had higher efficacy score than control group(t=5.98, p=.00). And. There was a significant different in the efficacy score before exercise therapy applied in the efficacy expectation promoting program and after in experimental group(t=-6.42, p=.00). 2. Experimental group did not have lower level of glucose metabolism than control group(FBS : t=.32, p=.75, HbAlC : t=.60, p=.55, pc 2hrs. glucose : t=-.29, p=.78). But, There was a significant different in the aunt of glucose metabolism before exercise therapy applied in the efficacy expectation promoting program and after in experimental group(FBS : t=3.63, p=.003, HbAlC t=4.20, p=.00, pc 2hrs. glucose : t=1.93, p=.001). 3. Levels of lipid metabolism were partly a significant different between Experimental group and control group(triglyceride t=-1.87, p=.07, HDL cholesterol : t=-.29, p=.77. body weight : t=1.78, p=.09, Total cholesterol : t=-2.17, p=.04). And, There was partly a significant different in the amount of lipid metabolism before exercise therapy applied in the efficacy expectation promoting program and after in experimental group(triglyceride : t=2.50, p=.03, HDL cholesterol : t=-.43, p=.67, body weight : t=5.34. p=.00, Total cholesterol : t=2.26, p=.04). In conclusion, it was found that exercise therapy applied in an efficacy expectation promoting program was an effective nursing intervention for increasing self-efficacy and metabolism.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.11
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• pp.7513-7523
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to investigate relationships between self-care knowledge and compliance of ischemic stroke patients with diabetic. The participants were 117 ischemic stroke patients with diabetics who were outpatients at the P university hospital. Data were collected from July 1 to August 31, 2013. Data were analyzed using SPSS 18.0., specifically descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson's correlation analysis. Total mean score and correct answer ratio of self-care knowledge were 14.69 points, 63.9%. Total mean score and compliance ratio of self-care compliance were 2.24 points, 44.8%. The correlation coefficient between self-care knowledge and compliance was a significant positive correlation (r=.54, p<.001). Among sub-elements, diet(r=.24, p=.011), medication(r=.43, p<.001), living habits(r=.19, p=.042) and cautions and warnings(r=.45, p<.001) were significant positive correlations. Based on the results of this study, we need to develop integrated nursing intervention education programs for self-care knowledge and compliance promotion of ischemic stroke patients with diabetic.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.1153-1163
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of task-oriented activities on hand functions in patients with hand injuries. From December 2011 to October 2012, sixteen patients with hand injuries at C Hospital in Changwon, Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea were randomly divided into two groups. One group was subjected to task-oriented activity and the other to general exercise. Two groups performed each activity once a day, three times a week, for four weeks. The group with the task-oriented activities was provided with the tasks according to subject-preference based on the result of Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM). To verify the effect of intervention, the following hand function measures were used: grip strength, pinch strength, and the range of opposition and abduction, Purdue pegboard test and Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH). Both groups showed significant increase in all of the hand function measures after 4-week activities(p<.05). The task-oriented activity group was significantly different from the control group in powers for tip pinch, lateral pinch and three-jaw chuck pinch, Purdue pegboard test and DASH(p<.05) except in grip strength and the range of opposition and abduction suggesting better improvement in hand functions. This study shows that task-oriented activities improve the hand functions more effectively in patients with hand injuries.

• Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.26-36
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• 2021

Purpose : This study aimed to present the incidence of pressure ulcers and identify different associated factors according to the time of occurrence of pressure ulcers in intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Methods : The participants were 313 patients who reported pressure ulcers among 2,908 patients in ICUs at a large tertiary hospital in Gyeonggi-do. Among them, 220 patients (70.3%) had a pressure ulcer before admission, and 93 patients (29.7%) reported newly developed pressure ulcers after admission to the ICU. Data were collected between August 2018 and April 2019. Along with the time of occurrence and characteristics of pressure ulcers, diverse associated factors were gathered through electronic medical records. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-tests, and 𝑥²-tests. Results : Different risk factors associated with pressure ulcers in ICU patients according to the time of occurrence were main diagnosis, score of acute physiology and chronic health evaluation, score of Richmond agitation sedation scale, level of consciousness, administered sedatives, use of a ventilator, insertion of a feeding tube, and the duration of fasting period. Conclusion : Based on the results of this study, healthcare providers, especially ICU nurses, should try to detect early signs and symptoms of pressure ulcers, taking into account the derived factors associated with pressure ulcers in ICU patients. Practical intervention programs and strategies considering the factors associated with pressure ulcers must be developed to prevent and alleviate such ulcers in ICU patients in the future.