• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제20권8호
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• pp.1247-1265
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• 2019

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) can be defined as an abnormal, progressive dilatation of the abdominal aorta, carrying a substantial risk for fatal aneurysmal rupture. Endovascular aneurysmal repair (EVAR) for AAA is a minimally invasive endovascular procedure that involves the placement of a bifurcated or tubular stent-graft over the AAA to exclude the aneurysm from arterial circulation. In contrast to open surgical repair, EVAR only requires a stab incision, shorter procedure time, and early recovery. Although EVAR seems to be an attractive solution with many advantages for AAA repair, there are detailed requirements and many important aspects should be understood before the procedure. In this comprehensive review, fundamental information regarding AAA and EVAR is presented.

• Annals of Geriatric Medicine and Research
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.157-158
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• 2018

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제41권6호
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• pp.679-686
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• 2008

배경: 조직판막에 남아있는 세포물질은 환자의 면역반응과 관련이 있고 석회화의 원인이 된다고 알려져 있으며 탈세포화 된 판막조직의 세포외 기질은 숙주세포(host cell)가 부착되고 내피화(endothelialization)되어 조직으로 재구성되게 하는 생물학적 지자체로도 사용될 수 있다. 그러므로 탈세포화는 조직판막의 면역반응 최소화와 지자체의 형성에 가장 중요한 부분이다. 탈세포화를 위해 많은 방법과 약제들이 개발 되어 왔다. 그러나 화학적 혹은 효소적 탈세포화 방법에 앞서 삼투압(osmolality)을 이용한 저장성 용액 처치에 대한 효과를 보여준 논문은 드물다. 본 연구는 탈세포화에 있어서 저장성 용액 처치의 효과를 밝히고 아울러 탈세포화 시 적절한 온도, 처치시간, sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS)의 농도를 밝히고자 시행되었다. 대상 및 방법: 돼지 판막을 여러 조건 즉 SDS농도(0.25%, 0.5%), 저장성용액 처치시간(6, 12, 24시간), 온도($4^{\circ}C$, $20^{\circ}C$)를 달리하여 일종의 이온세정 용매인 SDS를 이용하여 탈세포화를 하였다. 저장성 용액에 노출시키지 않은 군을 B군으로 하고 동 수의 돼지 판막을 같은 조건에서 SDS에 처치하기 전에 저장성용액에 노출 시켰다(A군). 저장성 용액에의 노출은 4, 7, 14시간, $4^{\circ}C$와 $20^{\circ}C$로 구분하여 각각 탈세포화의 정도를 조사하였다. 탈세포화와 세포외 기질의 보존 정도는 hematokylin-eosin (H-E) 염색으로 표본을 관찰하였다. 결과: SDS의 두 농도, 0.25%, 0.5%에서 탈세포화의 정도의 차이는 발견할 수 없었다. $4^{\circ}C$ 환경에서 24시간 SDS로 처치한 것이 A, B군 모두에서 가장 양호한 탈세포화를 소견을 보였고 $20^{\circ}C$에서는 탈세포화 정도에 차이가 없었다. 저장성 용액으로 처치한 A군 모두에서 같은 조건의 처치하지 않은 B군에 비래 더 양호한 탈세포화 소견을 보였다. $4^{\circ}C$, 14시간 저장성용액에 노출된 판막이 가장 좋은 탈세포화의 소견을 보였고, $20^{\circ}C$의 저장성 용액에 노출된 판막은 양호한 탈세포의 소견을 보였으나 심한 세포외 기질의 파괴를 관찰할 수 있었다. 결론: 판막조직의 탈세포화에 있어서 삼투압처리를 이용한 저장성 용액 처치는 매우 효과적인 방법으로서, 돼지 판막조직의 탈세포화에 꼭 적용되어야 할 방법으로 생각된다 저장성 용액에의 노출이 탈세포화에 필요한 화학적 세정제(chemical detergent)의 농도를 줄이고 이러한 세정제의 농도나 노출시간을 줄일 수 있는지 그리고 세포외 기질의 변화에 어느 정도 영향을 주는지에 대해 추가적인 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.5-17
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• 1972

It was reported that cyclodextrin has a distinctive ability to form inclusion compound with a wide variety of compounds. The authors studied the stability of acetylsalicylic acid in cyclodextrin solution. From the results of this experiment, the decomposition of Aspirin in cyclodextrin solution was progressed according to the pseudofirt order reaction and its degradation rate constant was decreased and the thermodynamic activation energy of the degradation of aspirin was accetrated with the increase of cyclodextrin Conclusively, it was considered that cyclodextrin increased the stability of aspirin in aqueous solution by its inclusion compound formation.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.1115-1122
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• 2008

Chronic renal failure (CRF) is defined as a permanent reduction in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) sufficient to produce detectable alterations in well-being and organ function. This usually occurs at GFR below 25 ml/min. In this report, is a 75-year-old woman who had back pain and diarrhea as chief complaints. She was diagnosed with CRF on March. 2008. is a 62-year-old man who had whole body weakness, anorexia and dyspepsia as chief complaints. He was diagnosed with CRF on 2008. We used herbal enteroclysis solution. which consists of Radix et Rhizoma Rhei. Concha Ostreae and Radix Glycyrrhizae or Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae. Herbal enteroclysis was done for 15 min once a day. Enteroclysis solution was controlled at 37-39 $^{\circ}C$ and inserted 15-20cm depth for intubation. We found the patient's BUN, creatinine and GFR were improved through enteroclysis. In both and , the patient's BUN and creatinine decreased, and GFR increased favorably. This result suggests that herbal enteroclysis used for CRF is effective in clinical therapy.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.165-167
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• 2014

Objective: The objective of this study is to estimate the effects of Inclear, a feminine cleanser, on sperm motility. Methods: Semen samples were obtained from infertile male patients. Following liquefaction, the raw semen samples were diluted with Ham's F-10 nutrient mixture medium containing 0.4% human serum albumin solution at a ratio of 1:3. The semen samples were subsequently centrifuged to separate the seminal plasma from the serum. The supernatant was discarded, and the pellet was resuspended. The sample was again centrifuged to remove cell debris, and the supernatant was removed. The final pellet was gently loosened by resuspension and incubated in medium alone as a control, and in a 10% solution of the medium plus Inclear. A sampling time of 30 minutes was selected on the basis of sperm transport studies. Sperm motility was evaluated with computer-assisted sperm analysis. Results: A total of 20 samples were analyzed. The mean age of patients was $34.40{\pm}2.96years$. There was no difference in sperm concentration and motility in the two samples at 0 minute and 30 minutes of incubation. In both semen samples, the sperm concentration and motility decreased after an incubation period of 30 minutes. However, there was no statistical difference between the samples. Sperm concentration and motility were not significantly different between the control and Inclear samples after 0 minute and 30 minutes of incubation. Conclusion: Inclear has no negative effects on sperm motility. This product can be recommended to pregnancy planners for vaginal hygiene and as a vaginal lubricant.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.67-75
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• 2015

Objectives: This study was carried out to analyze the single-dose toxicity of ShinYangHur (SYH) herbal acupuncture injected into the muscles of Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Methods: The SYH herbal acupuncture was made in a clean room at the Korean Pharmacopuncture Institute (KPI, Korea-Good Manufacturing Practice, K-GMP). After the mixing process with sterile distilled water, the pH was controlled to between 7.0 and 7.5. Then, NaCl was added to make a 0.9% isotonic solution by using sterilized equipment. All experiments were conducted at Biotoxtech, an institution authorized to perform non clinical studies under the regulations of Good Laboratory Practice (GLP). SD rats were chosen for the pilot study. Doses of SYH herbal acupuncture, 0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 mL, were administered to the experimental groups, and a dose of normal saline solution, 1.0 mL, was administered to the control group. This study was conducted under the approval of the Institutional Animal Ethics Committee. Results: No deaths or abnormalities occurred in any of the four groups. No significant changes in weight, hematological parameters or clinical chemistry between the control group and the experimental groups were observed. To check for abnormalities in organs and tissues, we used microscopy was used to examine representative histological sections of each specified organ; the results showed no significant differences in any of the organs or tissues. Conclusion: The above outcomes suggest that treatment with SYH herbal acupuncture is relatively safe. Further studies on this subject are needed to yield more concrete evidence.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.65-70
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to prevent nosocomial infection in patients through contact of radiographic cassettes. Data were collected from radiographers working in 29 university hospitals in Seoul in February and March 2001. Radiographic cassettes were disinfected daily in 5 hospitals, weekly in 4 hospitals, monthly in 5 hospitals, bimonthly in 1 hospital and once every three months in another hospital. 12 other hospitals do not practice regular disinfections of radiographic cassettes. Gauze soaked in disinfectant solution is used in 7 hospitals while 11 hospitals used cotton and cloth soaked in disinfectant solution to clean the radiographic cassettes. 26 hospitals used 99% alcohol based disinfectant solutions while 3 hospitals used 75% alcohol based disinfectant. 26 hospitals use of intercourse cassettes outpatients and in patients. In 26 hospitals, all patients shared the same set of radiographic cassettes used in the hospitals, or in 26 hospitals, separate sets of radiographic cassettes are used for outpatients and inpatients. Separate sets of cassettes are used for ICU and inpatients in 6 others hospitals. 23 hospitals used the same sets of radiographic cassettes for all their patients. radiographic cassettes are cleaned in wash area in the study room of the radiographic department in 17 hospitals. 12 other hospitals do not have designated cleaning areas for the cassettes. All radiographers practiced hands washing with soap. All 29 hospitals surveyed have infection control committee. However, only 9 out of the 29 hospitals surveyed provided Infection disinfections control education to radiographers. Only 3 hospitals have radiographers sitting in the infection control committee. Infection management education is conducted in 63 hospitals annually, twice a year in 1 hospital and once every 3 months in 2 hospitals.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.240-263
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• 2021

One of the biggest challenges that the software industry is facing today is to create highly efficient applications without affecting the quality of healthcare system software. The demand for the provision of software with high quality protection has seen a rapid increase in the software business market. Moreover, it is worthless to offer extremely user-friendly software applications with no ideal security. Therefore a need to find optimal solutions and bridge the difference between accessibility and protection by offering accessible software services for defense has become an imminent prerequisite. Several research endeavours on usable security assessments have been performed to fill the gap between functionality and security. In this context, several Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) approaches have been implemented on different usability and security attributes so as to assess the usable-security of software systems. However, only a few specific studies are based on using the integrated approach of fuzzy Analytic Network Process (FANP) and Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) technique for assessing the significant usable-security of hospital management software. Therefore, in this research study, the authors have employed an integrated methodology of fuzzy logic, ANP and TOPSIS to estimate the usable - security of Hospital Management System Software. For the intended objective, the study has taken into account 5 usable-security factors at first tier and 16 sub-factors at second tier with 6 hospital management system softwares as alternative solutions. To measure the weights of parameters and their relation with each other, Fuzzy ANP is implemented. Thereafter, Fuzzy TOPSIS methodology was employed and the rating of alternatives was calculated on the foundation of the proximity to the positive ideal solution.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.27-32
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• 2013

Background: Minimal infusion of cardioplegic solution (CPS) during aortic surgery using total circulatory arrest (TCA) may reduce several potential side effects: clamping on a diseased aorta, insult of coronary ostia, and edema. Materials and Methods: From 2006 to 2009, 72 patients underwent aortic surgery without infusion of cardioplegic solution at the initiation of circulatory arrest. The diagnoses were acute aortic dissection (44), aneurysm (22), and intramural hematoma (6). Results: The duration of TCA, the lowest nasopharyngeal temperature, bypass time, and aortic clamp time was 45 minutes, $16.4^{\circ}C$, 162 minutes, and 100 minutes, respectively. The amount of CPS was 1,050 mL, and 15 patients underwent surgery without CPS. The average inotrope score was 113 points (range, 6.25 to 5,048.5 points) corresponding to the dopamine infusion of 5 mcg/kg/min for 1 day. Seven patients showed a level of creatine kinase-MB above 50 ng/mL, postoperatively, compared with the average of 12.75 ng/mL. The ischemic change was found on electrocardiogram in 5 patients, postoperatively. There was no cardiac morbidity requiring mechanical assist. The average of intensive care unit stay and postoperative hospital stay was 40 hours (range, 15 to 482 hours) and 11 days, respectively. Conclusion: Minimal infusion of only retrograde CPS during rewarming without initial infusion at TCA in aortic surgery is feasible and can be used with acceptable results.