• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제47권6호
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• pp.558-562
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• 2014

Cover cropping and liquid manure application are considered as effective ways to replace the use of chemical fertilizer in orchard. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of cover crop species and liquid manure application rate on green manure production, leaf mineral content, fruit quality and soil chemical properties in pear orchard. The treatments include rye and hairy vetch as cover crops, two liquid manure application levels based on N and $K_2O$ requirement on each cover crop species, and chemical fertilizer as control. Green manure production was higher in hairy vetch than in rye. K content of pear leaves and soil exchangeable K content increased in N based liquid manure application treatments. The yield was higher in rye + liquid manure and fertilizer treatments, and fruit quality was not different between the treatments. Taking all of these into account, rye + $K_2O$ requirement-based liquid manure application is recommended in pear orchard for not only sufficient nutrient supply but also prevention of any problem related with soil $K_2O$ accumulation in pear orchard in long-term perspective.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.601-614
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• 2018

Chitosan with a natural antimicrobial property has been introduced to protect horticultural crops from diseases as an environmentally friendly method. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the pre-harvest application of chitosan on growth and quality during the late stage of fruit development and on the simulated marketing of the peach fruit (Prunus persica L.). The application of chitosan with calcium chloride ($100mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$) three times at one week intervals 4 weeks before the harvest significantly increased the fruit weight, changed the fruit shape, and reduced the fruit length/diameter ratio giving the peach fruits a round oblate shape. The calcium treatment contributed to enhancing or maintaining the storage potential by increasing the flesh firmness. However, at higher concentrations of $CaCl_2$, i.e., > $600mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$, the positive effects of the chitosan application were offset, and fruit growth was not affected by calcium alone. The application of the chitosan/calcium mixture delayed fruit softening; however, this effect was shortened when the storage temperature was $20^{\circ}C$ rather than $15^{\circ}C$. The internal quality of the fruit was profoundly affected by the concentration of calcium added to the chitosan, and delayed fruit maturation was observed at a higher concentration of calcium. The pre-harvest application of chitosan with calcium contributes to the enhancement of food safety by inhibiting the occurrence of diseases during postharvest handling. Considering the above results, chitosan has the potential to improve both the yield of peach fruits and their storability. Because chitosan can enhance the freshness and shelf-life of fresh produce, it is necessary to examine its effects on other horticultural crops.

• 인간식물환경학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.329-339
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• 2021

Background and objective: This study was conducted to obtain empirical data for deriving necessary items for the creation and management of gardens in urban agricultural parks while maintaining the publicness of the place by examining the difference in perception among park visitors about the gardens in the public parks. Methods: A survey was conducted on users of urban agricultural parks in 6 locations and 113 copies of the questionnaire were collected. After understanding the demographic characteristics and the current use of the garden, we identified the importance of the necessary items for the public gardens. Results: 108 subjects(95.6%) responded that gardens are needed in urban parks, for psychological and emotional health (26.2%) and for interaction and friendship with family and neighbors(23.2%). For use of garden crops, most were private sales(96 subjects, 64.4%), and both sales preferred to partially donate their crops. Most used communal gardens operated by public institutions(30.1%). It was found that 96.4% of the respondents were satisfied with gardening activities, and 107(94.7%) of them showed their intention to participate in the gardening in the future. The Kaiser Meyer Olkin value was .848 and the significance level was .001, proving the validity of factor analysis. The factors were named composition elements(Factor 1), management items(Factor 2), convenience elements(Factor 3), and operational facilities(Factor 4). In the survey on the creation and management of gardens in urban agricultural parks, there were no statistically significant differences, but all items had correlations. Conclusion: The results have reflected the needs of actual users in establishing the plans to operate urban gardens, thereby having great utility value as the basic data for continuous garden management. Further research can be conducted to derive detailed elements that can guarantee sustainability of urban gardens and suggest high-quality data for management of gardens in urban agricultural parks.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.225-233
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• 1991

시설원예(施設園藝) 재배(栽培)가 집단화(集團化)되어 있는 순천시(順天市), 승주(昇州), 보성지역(寶性地域)에 분포(分布)하는 시설(施設) 원예지(園藝地)의 오이, 고추, 상추, 토마토 및 가지 등의 근권토양(根圈土壤)과 뿌리를 채취(採取)하여 근권(根圈)중의 포자밀도(胞子密度)와 기주작물(寄主作物) 뿌리의 감염양상(感染樣相)을 조사(調査)한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 토양(土壤)의 화학적(化學的) 특성(特性)은 우리나라 밭 토양(土壤)의 평균치(平均値)를 상회(上廻)하고 있으며, 전기전도도(電氣傳導度)(EC) 조사결과(調査結果)는 0.73~1.00mS/cm수준(水準)을 보이고, 수도작(水稻作) 윤환재배(輪換栽培)가 불가능(不可能)한 지역(地域)의 포장(圃場)은 1.34~1.75mS/cm범위(範圍)였다. VA균근균(菌根菌)의 포자밀도(胞子密度)는 건토(乾土) 1g당 시설재배지(施設栽培地)에서 최저(最低) 4.8개에서 최고(最高) 20.2개의 범위(範圍)를 보이고, 노지(露地) 재배지(栽培地)보다 시설재배(施設栽培) 토양(土壤)의 포자밀도(胞子密度)가 높게 나타나고 있으며, 토양산도(土壤酸度)가 비교적(比較的) 낮은 지역(地域)(pH 4.9부근)은 Acaulospora속(屬)과 Gigaspora속(屬)이 우점(優占)하였고 중성(中性)에 가까운 곳(pH 6.3 부근)은 Glomus속(屬)이 우점(優占)하고 있었다. 조사(調査)된 작물(作物)들의 감염율(感染率)은 38%~70% 범위(範圍)를 보였고 시설재배지(施設栽培地)의 가지와 고추에서 가장 높은 70.0%와 66.0%를 각각 나타냈다. 기주식물(寄主植物)들의 근권토양(根圈土壤)의 포자(胞子) 크기별 분포(分布)는 상추, 오이 및 토마토의 경우 $75{\mu}m{\sim}106{\mu}m$범위(範圍)가 가장 많았고, 고추와 가지에서는 $75{\mu}m{\sim}250{\mu}m$ 범위(範圍)가 많았다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.903-920
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• 2020

Since its first demonstration as a practical genome editing tool in the early 2010s, the use of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR) along with the endonuclease Cas9 (CRISPR/Cas9) has become an essential choice for generating targeted mutations. Due to its relative simplicity and cost-effectiveness compared to other molecular scissors, i.e., zinc finger nuclease (ZFN) and transcription activator-like effector nuclease (TALEN), the CRISPR/Cas9 system has been shown to have a massive influence on genetic studies regardless of the biological kingdom. Although the system is in the process of being established, numerous protocols have already been released for the system and there have been various topics of CRISPR related papers published each year in ever-increasing manner. Here, we will briefly introduce CRISPR/Cas9 system and discuss the variants of the CRISPR system. Also, their applications to crop improvement will be dealt with mainly ornamental crops among horticultural crops other than Arabidopsis as a model plant. Finally, some issues on the barriers restraining the use of CRISPR system on floricultural crops, the prospect of CRISPR system as a DNA-free genome editing tool with efficient facilitators and finally, the future perspectives on the CRISPR system will be described.

• 한국농업기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농업기계학회 2006년도 하계 학술대회 논문집
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• pp.237-240
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• 2006

• Mycobiology
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.115-118
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• 2000

To determine the degree of variability among the host plant species in their abilities to become colonized by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), the inoculum for AMF was collected from the various sites in Korea and was inoculated to the three horticultural plants; Tagetes patula, Torenia fournieri, and Salvia splendens. After 4-month growth under greenhouse, mycorrhizal root colonization rates and spore density were measured. The roots of T. patula showed higher colonization rate than both plants of T. fournieri and Salvia splendens. The mycorrhizal root colonization was influenced by both of the AM fungal inoculum and the host species or their interactions. The combination of the host and fungal species was suggested to be important for the application of AMF to horticultural crops.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.348-354
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• 1996

This study was carried out to investigate factors influencing on the groundwater quality at controlled horticulture in Honam area in 1995. The deeper groundwater sampling, the lower concentrations of $NH_4-N$ and $NO_3-N$ were observed. There was no difference in concentrations of $SO_4\;^{2-}$ and $Na^+$ in the groundwater below 15m. Contents of $NH_4-N$, $NO_3-N$ and $PO_4\;^{3-}$ in groundwater were the highest at rice transplanting season(the late May) and that of $SO_4\;^{2-}$, $Na^+$ and $Cl^-$ were the highest at dry season(the mid-February). Continuous cultivation of horticultural crops showed higher concentration of $NH_4-N$, $NO_3-N$, $PO_4\;^{3-}$, $Na^+$ and $Cl^-$ in groundwater than rotational culture with rice. The longer cultivation years with horticultural crops, the higher concentrations of $NO_3-N$, $PO_4\;^{3-}$, $SO_4\;^{2-}$ and $Cl^-$ were shown, and constitutional ratio of $NO_3-N$ among the anions increased gradually. Nitrate-N level, exceeded 20mg/l, the critical level for agricultural usage, frequently at Yongjinmyeon Wanju and Janglockdong Kwangju, and $PO_4\;^{3-}$ levels were higher at Seogtandong Iksan than the other places.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.29-37
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• 2011

Commercially managed bees are available for pollination services and are used in large commercial fields, small gardens, or enclosures such as greenhouses and screen houses. This paper describes the current status and agricultural utilization of commercially managed bumblebees as well as bumblebee rearing techniques in Korea. We surveyed the use rate and number of bumblebees for the pollination of 10 major horticultural crops and fruit trees in Korea; in 2009, the use rates were approximately 7.9% and 2.8%, respectively. The use number of bumblebees as pollinators was more than 64,345 colonies, which included 51,400 colonies for 10 major horticultural crops and 12,945 colonies for 10 major fruit trees in 2009. The value of bumblebees as pollinators in 2009 in Korea was estimated at more than 5,100,000,000 won. We also describe feeding, rearing room conditions, colony initiation, mating and diapause breaks to establish year-round mass rearing techniques of the bumblebee Bombus ignitus.

• 한국식물병리학회지
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.668-675
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• 1998

강원 고랭지의 대표적 지대인 평창의 대관령, 홍천의 내면 그리고 횡성의 둔내지역에서 재배되고 있는 주요 원예작물에 대해 1994년$\sim$1997년까지 4년에 걸쳐 실시한 병해조사의 결과는 다음과 같다. 1) 배추와 무에서는 순무모자이크바이러스(TuMV)가 '92년부터 고랭지에 다발생하여 '94년과 '96년에 피해가 심하였으며, 이 바이러스병과 함께 무름병의 발생이 심한 편이었으며, 최근에는 무사마귀병의 피해고 '96년부터 점증 추세에 있으며 수년 전까지 피해가 심했던 뿌리 마름병은 최근 발생이 지극히 저조한 점이 특이하다. 거의 모든 채소작물에서 무름병, 잿빛곰팡이병, 노균병, 흰가루병, 잘록병, 검은무늬병 등의 발생이 심한 것이 특징인데 저지대와 달리 고랭지 기후환경과 무관하지 않았을 것이다. 한편 조사기간 중 새로운 미기록종으로는 셀러리의 바이러스(BBWV)와 잿빛곰팡이병(Botrytis cinerea), 메론의 점무늬병(Cercospora citullina), 딸기의 흰가루병(Erysiphe polygori), 양상추의 흰가루병(Erysiphe cichoraceaium) 등이 밝혀졌으며 기주 미기록으로는 파슬리의 무사마귀병(Plasmodiophora brassicae)이 밝혀진 것이 특이하다. 2)여러 가지 화훼작물에는 주로 바이러스병, 잿빛곰팡이병, 시들음병, 흰무늬병 등의 발생이 많았으며 특히 자생 나리류에 흰무늬병(Cercospora spp.) 발생이 심하였다. 미기록종으로는 꽃도라지의 시들음병(Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. eustomae), 바이러스병(BBWV, CMV), 균핵병(Sclerotinia sclerotiorum), 잿빛곰팡이병(B. cinerea), 카네이션의 반점병(Cladosporium echinulatum), 용담의 시들음병(Fusarium oxysporum), 잎마름병(Alternavia dianthi) 등과 Phytoplasma에 의한 스타티스의 빗자루병, 리아트리스의 빗자루병, 자생나리류의 흰무늬병(Cercospora sp.), 스토크의 TuMV 등이 동정되었다.