• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.511-519
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• 1992

식품의 가열살균공정에 있어서 자동화는 에너지 소비의 성력화와 품질과의 관계 최적화를 위한 필수조건 중의 하나이다. 이를 위하여 마이크로컴퓨터를 이음한 자동화 시스템을 개발하였다. 시스템의 성능 및 정확도는 고형식품으로 사용한 명태 고기풀의 가열살균과정에서의 열침투곡선과 열확산도의 정확도로써 검토하였다. 자동화 시스템을 이용하여 측정한 명태 고기풀의 열침투곡선은 전형적인 고형식품의 열침투곡선을 나타내었다. 열침투곡선으로 부터 계산된 열확산도의 경우, 일정 살균온도에서는 다른 조건의 변화에 관계없이 일정한 값을 나타내었다. 가열살균온도를 변화시켜 구한 열확산도를 문헌상에 보고된 열확산도 추정식으로 구한 값과 비교하였을 때, 큰 차이를 보이지 않았으며 그 차이는 $\pm10.0\%$이내였다.

• 무역상무연구
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• 제13권
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• pp.1013-1032
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• 2000

At present, the scale of Electronic Commerce through internet has been rapidly increasing due to the development of information & communication technology, and aggregated to 2.4 billion dollar in America last year (1998). The market scale of worldwide electronic commerce is also presumed to be about 130 billion dollar in 2000, and to occupy more than 20% of the whole world trade in world 2020. Since the right of trademark, despite of being effective only in registered nations on the principle of territorialism, is unified on the cyber space of internet without domestic barrier or local limitation which make it easier to conduct the distribution of information rapidly through the address-internet domain name, those are very important that the systematic dispute-solving plan on problems such as decision of its Act and international jurisdiction to be established, in an effort to prevent the newly emerging dispute instances such as trademark infringement and improper competitiveness. In addition, it is natural that on the threshold of the electronic commerce age which formed with an unified area without the worldwide specific regulation, each country including us makes haste with the enactment of "electronic commerce Act" aiming at coming into force in 1999, in keeping with getting through "non-tariff law on electronic commerce" by U. S. parliament on May, 1998. In view of the properties of electronic commerce transactions through internet, there are the large curtailment of distributive channel, surmounting of restrictions on transaction area, space and time and the easy feedback with consumer and the cheap-required capital, from which the problems may arise - registration of trademark, the trademark infringement of domain name and the protection of prestigious trademark. Therefore, it is necessary to take the counter-measure, with a view of reviewing the infringement of trademark and domain name and the instances of each national precedent and to preventing the disputes. The improvement of the persistent system should be needed to propel the harmonious protection of those holding trademark right's credit and demanders' expectant profit by way of the righteous use of trademark.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.113-118
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• 2006

The effects of dietary Rhus verniciflua Stokes supplementation (0%, 2%, 4% and 6%/feed) on meat color, water-holding capacity (WHC), lipid oxidation and fatty acid composition in m. longissimus from Hanwoo (Korean cattle) beef during refrigerated storage were investigated. The $L^*$, $a^*$, $b^*$ and $C^*$ values of 4% group were significantly (p<0.05) higher than those of the other groups for 7 days of storage. The $a^*$, $b^*$ and $C^*$ values declined gradually during storage in all of the groups and the decline was more rapid in control group. The metmyoglobin (%) was significantly (p<0.05) increased during storage time in all of the groups, but the 4% group had a lower rate of metmyoglobin accumulation during storage. WHC was significantly (p<0.05) higher in the 2% and 4% groups than in the other groups. The TBARS (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances) value of day 0 was not significantly (p>0.05) different among 4 diet conditions, but the TBARS value after 5 days of storage was significantly (p<0.05) higher in the control group than in other groups. The proportions of C18:1, MUFA, UFA and MUFA/SFA ratio were significantly (p<0.05) higher in the meat from Rhus verniciflua Stokes-supplemented Hanwoo than in the control group. Consequently, the meat from Rhus verniciflua Stokes-supplemented Hanwoo showed higher color stability, WHC, unsaturated fatty acids and retarded lipid oxidation compared to the control meat. In particular, dietary Rhus verniciflua Stokes supplementation with 4% extended storage life compared to the other groups.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제29권12호
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• pp.1782-1789
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• 2016

This study evaluated the effect of vacuum and modified atmosphere (40% $CO_2+60%$ $N_2$, MA) packaging on the chemical composition, physicochemical properties and sensory attributes of chill-stored meat from 10 fallow deer (Dama dama) bucks at 17 to 18 months of age. The animals were hunter-harvested in the forests of north-eastern Poland. During carcass dressing (48 to 54 h post mortem), both musculus longissimus muscles were cut out. Each muscle was divided into seven sections which were allocated to three groups: 0, A, and B. Samples 0 were immediately subjected to laboratory analyses. Samples A were vacuum-packaged, and samples B were packaged in MA. Packaged samples were stored for 7, 14, and 21 days at $2^{\circ}C$. The results of the present study showed that the evaluated packaging systems had no significant effect on the quality of fallow deer meat during chilled storage. However, vacuum-packaged meat samples were characterised by greater drip loss. Vacuum and MA packaging contributed to preserving the desired physicochemical properties and sensory attributes of meat during 21 days of storage. Regardless of the packaging method used, undesirable changes in the colour, water-holding capacity and juiciness of meat, accompanied by tenderness improvement, were observed during chilled storage.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제33권8호
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• pp.505-511
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• 2009

선박의 대형화에 따른 풍압면적의 증가 및 갑작스런 돌풍 등 자연환경의 급격한 변화 등으로 묘박 중인 선박이 주묘 되는 현상이 자주 발생되고 있다. 특히, 선박운항자의 관점에서는 풍속 및 파랑 등의 외력 변화에 따른 주묘 발생 시점 및 주묘 형태, 주묘시의 속력과 주변 선박 또는 장애물과의 충돌 가능성 등을 고려한 적절한 대응 방안이 모색되어야 한다. 본 논문은 실습선 한바다호가 단묘박으로 묘박 중 기상이 점점 악화되면서 실제로 주묘가 발생한 현상을 검토한 것으로, 묘박 당시의 풍압력, 유압력, 표류력, 선체운동 그리고 파주력 등을 분석하여 주묘의 발생 가능성 및 한계 외력을 고찰하였다. 또한, 당시의 외력 조건하에서 발생한 주묘패턴을 분석하여 선수방위 변화량, 스윙폭, 주묘 속도 등을 확인하였다.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제24권7호
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• pp.1817-1825
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to examine the fracture toughness of the welded pipe from the viewpoint of FATT for the S38 and S42 steels used widely as the pipe material. Post weld heat treatment(PW HT) was carried out like following conditions: temperature of 67$0^{\circ}C$, I hour of holding time and cooling in furnace. Fracture toughness was obtained by measuring the crack opening displacement(COD) of the notched specimens over the range of temperature from -14$0^{\circ}C$ to -$25^{\circ}C$. Hardness values at fusion line near around were the highest and the microstructures at welded zone were coarsened. Regardless of the pipe materials, COD and temperature curves of the as-welds were moved toward higher temperature compared with those of the parents. However, COD and temperature curves of the PWHT specimens were positioned at lower temperature compared with those of the as-welds. The more heat input causes to decrease the COD values at the constant temperature. It was verified through the recrystallization treatment that PWHT was attributed to move toward lower temperature region considerably due to the improved plastic deformation at the same applied COD value of 0.3mm and softening effect. In case of the weldment of S38 steel, cleavage fracture was observed at -105$^{\circ}C$ unlike the structural steels, in which brittle fracture mode was generally shown at - 196$^{\circ}C$.

• 폴리머
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.29-37
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• 2000

메탄올/물의 혼합용매에 아닐린 단량체, 산화제, 도판트 그리고 PEO를 넣어 일정시간 교반한 후, 용액을 캐스팅하여 용매를 증발시켜 전도성 고분자인 폴리아닐린 (PANi)과 열가소성 매트릭스 고분자인 폴리에틸렌옥사이드(PEO)가 혼합된 블렌드를 얻었다. 블렌드 내의 중합된 PANi의 양이 많아질수록 전기전도도가 증가함을 알 수 있었고, PANi의 함유량이 11 wt%만 되어도 전기전도도가 약 0.15 S/cm값을 나타내었다. 교반조 내의 체류시간에 따라 PANi/PEO 블렌드의 형태학이 변함을 관찰하였으며, 이러한 형태학이 전기전도도에 영향을 미침을 알았다. 또한 도판트의 분자크기가 커질수록 제조된 블렌드의 전기전도도가 증가함을 관찰하였다. 매트릭스 고분자로 사용된 PEO 분자량을 변화시키며 블렌드를 제조하였을때, PEO의 분자량이 클수록 제조된 PANi/PEO 블렌드의 전기전도도가 증가함을 관찰하였다.

• 한국건설관리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건설관리학회 2006년도 정기학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.702-707
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• 2006

건설자재의 경우 물량 확보 차원과 소량 반입의 어려움, 공정 지연 등의 이유로 인하여 현장에 상당량의 재고를 보유하여 왔다. 특히 철근의 경우 변동요인이 많아 일반적으로 1개월 이상의 여유 재고를 보유하여 왔다. 하지만 이렇게 재고의 규모가 필요이상으로 과도할 경우 재고유지비용이 증가하게 되고 자재적치에 많은 공간이 소요되어 현장 내 이동에 불편을 겪을 수도 있으며 생산성이 저하 되어 낭비요인으로 작용하게 된다. 반면에 재고량이 부족할 경우에는 예상치 못했던 수요가 발생하거나 자재수급에 어려움이 생기는 경우 대응하기가 어려우며 자재부족에 따라 작업수행에 지연을 가져오게 되어 추가비용을 발생시킨다. 본 연구는 건설현장의 여러 가지 자재 중에서 구성 비율이 가장 높고 지속적인 수요에 의해 작업이 이루어지는 철근자재를 대상으로 재고관리 현황을 살펴보고 적정 재고관리 방안을 제시하였다. 먼저 일반적인 재고의 개념 및 재고관리 시스템에 대하여 살펴보고 철근 가공 ${\cdot}$ 조립과정의 적용성 여부를 판단하였다. 이후 자재의 리드타임 변이와 리드타임 동안의 자재의 수요율 변이를 고려하여 자재의 재주문 시점을 언제로 할 것인지를 결정하고 주문비용 및 재고유지비용, 자재 수요량을 고려하여 주문량을 얼마로 할 것인지를 결정하는 방법을 제시하였다.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제29권7A호
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• pp.786-793
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• 2004

cdma2000 IxEV-DO 네트워크의 역방향 링크에서와 같은 자율적 전송률 제어 (ARC, Autonomous data Rate Control) 구조는 다중 QoS 환경에서의 다양한 QoS 보장 및 RoT (Rise over Thermal) 제약 조건을 만족시키지 못하는 문제가 있다. 이에 따라, 본 논문에서는 cdma2000 기반의 역방향 링크 시스템을 위한 자원 관리 기술로서, MWGF (Modified Weighted G-Fair) 스케줄러를 제안하고, 다중 QoS 서비스 환경에서 성능을 분석하였다. 제안된 스케줄러는 QoS 요구를 고려한 우선 순위를 제공할 뿐만 아니라 RoT-filling 기법을 이용해서 RoT 정규화를 보장함으로서 CDMA 시스템의 로딩 (loading)을 유지하는 구조로 설계되었다. 모의실험을 통하여, 제안된 스케줄러는 자율적 전송률 제어 구조에 비하여, 약 29 - 40 % 정도의 실시간 서비스의 전송 시간이 단축되는 것을 보였으며, 약 1.0 - 1.3 dB의 낮은 평균 수신 RoT 레벨을 유지하여 낮은 시스템 로딩을 제공함을 보였다. 이와 같은 낮은 시스템 로딩은 여분의 간섭량을 타 서비스 또는 타 셀에 제공하여 시스템 전체의 용량을 증가시킬 수 있게 된다.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.29-38
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• 1999

Three kinds of soil surface applied herbicides and three kinds of foliage applied herbicides were used to study weed control effect, appropriate concentration, phyto-toxicity against trees and economical efficiency of weed control on trees, Pinus thunbergii, Picea abies, Chamaecyparis obtusa, Quercus accutissima, and Fraxinus rhynchopylla in a nursery. The results were obtained as follows; 1.The control effect of the soil surface applied herbicides showed that the three herbicides; Alachlor, Pendimenthalin and Simazine were alike in their holding effect of weed development, and the sensibility of weed spp. on the herbicides was different. The mean control effect was 58~89%. 2. The weed control effect of the foliage applied herbicides demonstrated that Paraquat dichloride was the best of 84~95% and followed by Glufosnate ammonium and Glyphosate. Especially when the half of its standard amount was treated, the effect of Paraquat dichloride was higher than the other herbicides. 3. Generally, the weed control effect became better as the concentration of the herbcide getting higher. As the concentration of the herbicide got higher, the restraining effect of weed development was continued for a long time in the soil surface applied herbicides, while the weed control effect appeared earlier in the foliage applied herbicides. 4. As the result of the soil surface treatments, 20% of short seedings of Fraxinus rhychopylla treated with twice amount of standard Alachlor died and the rest seeding showed low growth. In the other treatments, there was neither harmful effect of herbicides on the seedings nor growth decrease of them compared to those weeded by men. 5. When treated with foliage applied herbcides, leaves were partially of and discolorated in most treatments. About 0.4~6.2% of Fraxinus thynchopylla, which had short seedings died, and there was no difference in growth with the other treatments. 6. The herbicides showed better economical efficiency over 68% than weed control by men. Especially, Alachlaor of the soil surface applied herbicides showed the highest efficiency(77.6%), while Paraquat dichloride of the foliage applied herbicides was the best(70.3%)..