• Journal for History of Mathematics
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.233-248
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• 2015

Year 2014 was very special to Korean mathematical society. Year 2014 was the Mathematical Year of Korea, and the International Congress of Mathematicians "ICM 2014" was held in Seoul, Korea. The year 2014 was also the 330th anniversary year of the birth of Joseon mathematician Hong JeongHa. He is one of the best, in fact the best, of Joseon mathematicians. So it is worth celebrating his birth. Joseon dynasty adopted a caste system, according to which Hong JeongHa was not in the higher class, but in the lower class of the Joseon society. In fact, he was a mathematician, a middle class member, called Jungin, of the society. We think over how Hong JeongHa was able to write his mathematical book GuIlJib in Joseon dynasty.

• Journal for History of Mathematics
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.163-183
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• 2017

In this study we reveal that there were positive changes after the practicums of pre-service math teachers, in that, they changed contents of class and the way of explanation in order to enhance students' understanding, and provided opportunities for students to participate in the class. In addition, they made more use of textbooks in their class instead of depending on their experience acquired before the practicums. However, no difference was found before and after their practicums, neither in their review of lessons nor in their use of simple 'question and answer' strategies. In this regard, we suggest continuous researches be conducted in order to enhance pre-service mathematics teachers' teaching ability, especially those which is hard to be acquired in a short period of time. And, reflecting the results of the research, systematic development and operation of the curriculum are required in the teacher training institutes.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.108-113
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• 2000

An important process for making a new class of polymeric material is called microcellular plastics invented at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Many researches for microcellular plastics have been done in various ways and fields. But a research for the polymer which has previous history has not been tried yet. In this paper, weight gain of $CO_2$ was measured in a polymer matrix which had previous history and no history. In each case, experimental data for solubility and diffusivity was shown. A model for $CO_2$ solution process in molecular range was made. The conclusion of this paper is that the previous history has an effect on diffusivity but not solubility and the previous history made by $CO_2$ in supercritical state makes diffusivity of $CO_2$ larger.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.33-37
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• 1970

Class III malocclusions are difficult to treat and take more time than any other types. But if such problems are detected at the earliest opportunity, we may gain the best possible correction consistent with the limitations imposed by morphogenetic pattern. The question of whether a patient has false or real Class III malocclusion is not important. Therapy wilt eleminate the malrelationship, in any event. Graber said, 'It has been my experience that many so-called 'pseudo' Class III's are full-blown Class III's later on during the prolific growth period.' The authors have attempted early treatment of a Class III malocclusion of 8-year old girl, who has the familial history of Class III malocclusion.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.113-123
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• 2008

Objectives: Obesity is chronic condition which can severely influence health. People with a high percentage of body fat (%BF) have high prevalence of hypertension and hypercholesterolemia. Abdominal obesity (AO) seems to play a major role in the development of cardiovascular disease, diabetes and hyperlipidemia. This study investigated the %BF and AO of workers in the automobile manufacturing industry. Methods: The subjects were categorized by sex, age, job class, drinking history and smoking history. %BF and AO were measured by using bioelectrical impedance analysis (Jawon Medical, Seoul, Korea). We analyzed the relationship between age, sex, job class, drinking history, smoking history and %BF and WHR into frequencies, $X^2$-test using the SPSS Ver. 12.0. Results: Regarding the relationship between sex and %BF, AO, there was statistically significant difference as men had a significant higher level of %BF and AO than women. There was a positive correlation between age and both %BF and AO. Workers in their 40s especially ran level of AO up. In job class, office workers were apt to have a higherlevel of %BF and AO than production line workers. %BF and AO of the non-drinker group showed a lower level than the drinker group. On the other hand, the ex-smoker group had higher levels of %BF and AO than the non-smoker or current-smoker groups. Conclusions: The above results showed that men, the advanced in years, office workers, drinkers and ex-smokers had high levels of %BF and AO.

• The Journal of Korean Medical History
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.77-87
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• 2020

Objective : The Annals of the Joseon Dynasty is a primary historical record that has provided a great deal of information about what the Joseon Dynasty was like. However, as of yet, we know very little about the medical officers in Joseon dynasty, such as their government posts and official ranks. The purpose of this study is look in to the activities, government posts, and official ranks of the medical personnel by examining Yeongjosillok. Methods : First, I selected historical records containing '醫' in Yeongjosillok. Then, I organized medical officers' name by reading each record. I screened historical records in Yeongjosillok with their names to analyze their activities, government posts, and official ranks. When there was limited information available, I referred to The Daily Records of Royal Secretariat of Joseon Dynasty. Results : I found 262 historical records in Yeongjosillok containing '醫'. Then I found 26 people who served as medical officers in Yeongjosillok. Also, l found that 11 government posts and 7 official ranks were awarded to them throughout the 110 historical records in Yeongjosillok and The Daily Records of Royal Secretariat of Joseon Dynasty. Conclusion : Through this study, I was able to examine the detailed activities of unknown medical officers by studying the historical records in Yeongjosillok and The Daily Records of Royal Secretariat of Joseon Dynasty. Under the Joseon Dynasty's class-based society, the middle class had various restrictions. However, I found that medical officers that belonged to the middle class received exceptional treatment despite their social status.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.149-161
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to investigate and analyse the revised contents of the history class in the Korean Decimal Classification(KDC), 5th edition, and then identify problems and propose the revised contents for the KDC, 6the edition. Major analysed areas are divided into four. First, geographic area table is discussed. It includes extension of the geographic area table, emphasis of hierarchical structure in the geographical area, revision of North Korean geographical names, extension of subgeographical structure of major nations in the world, and revision of nations in the central and west Asia. Second, Korean time period is extended. Third, the notes of entries of the Chinese and Japanese history areas are shorten. Fourth, the geographical and personal names are changed their native pronunciation, specially Chinese and Japanese. For the revision of the KDC, 6th edition, four areas are discussed: first, Korean geographic areas would be categorized by broaden area, second, the areas are arranged from the capital of the nation to others, third, foreign geographical names would be used their native names, and last, time period would be categorized by years.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.6 no.6
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• pp.43-55
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• 2002

This study intends to consider the characteristics of Tudorian costume and find out how the thoughts and cultures in those days had influences on the costume trends of low and middle class. In terms of the Tudorian costume which generated new cultural mainstreams along with blossomed civil culture, this study focuses on the characteristics and trends of costume at low and middle class, which have been little addressed in studies on western costume history or related fields, turning from the costume of upper class based on wealthy noblemen who showed off its dignity and authority along with jewelry and gorgeous ornamental craftsmanship. This study used related pictures, museum material and other literatures as its reference. It first looked into the general characteristics of western costume and considered the characteristics of costumes popularized in professionals at middle class such as apprentice, yeomen and low-class people. Professional or other middle class almost typically used to wear tunic, doublet, shirts, coat or long gown. Black was mainly used as clothes color. Similarly to upper class, silk or velvet was very often used as material. People at low class enjoyed wear costumes with simple and easy style for working. They also preferred natural color and cotton or wool as material. This study intended to find out which type of costumes people at low and middle class enjoyed wearing, rather than compare costume between such two classes.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.10
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• pp.112-144
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• 2004

Oral history has value that steps over the class consciousness and party feeling that records have, and enables a general representation of a human experience. Beside, It must be managed urgently because a collection of oral history has unique and limited. However, domestic related institution do not keep management for release and use of oral history in their mind are only concentrating on accession. Lately, National History Compilation Committee passes through faithful planning procedures and is collecting an oral history collection project. A merit of this project is to have attempted an image photographing. This study is propose that to examines over the all steps to say oral history collection activity to information service and a preservation from collection planning of organization. However, this study is insufficient in the management method how it is connected if does in order to manage the oral history which is collected with a part of a record in a archival institution because this study was only for the purpose of management of oral history. This problem will be studied through a process of checking the real thing of oral history. This study proposed general methodology for oral history management, if institution had a plan of collection and management or had some collection result.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.61 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 2024

In this paper, we introduce the notion of Gorenstein (m, n)-flat modules as an extension of (m, n)-flat left R-modules over a ring R, where m and n are two fixed positive integers. We demonstrate that the class of all Gorenstein (m, n)-flat modules forms a Kaplansky class and establish that (𝓖𝓕_m,n(R),𝓖𝓒_m,n(R)) constitutes a hereditary perfect cotorsion pair (where 𝓖𝓕_m,n(R) denotes the class of Gorenstein (m, n)-flat modules and 𝓖𝓒_m,n(R) refers to the class of Gorenstein (m, n)-cotorsion modules) over slightly (m, n)-coherent rings.