• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.297-316
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• 2003

Classification of archival collections in China is usually divided into two approaches, arrangement classification and retrieval classification. Focusing on arrangement of archives, this paper reviews what is the content and principle of arrangement, and how these principles are applied to actual arrangement of records and archives in China. The review examines the historical archives of Rep. of China, in the Second Historical Archives of China. It is expected that current review could enlighten studies on arrangement of historical archives created by Government-General of Chosun.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.11
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• pp.123-143
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• 2005

1. Introduction : From the Memorial to the Records, From the Records to the Archives 2. Archivists and Historians : the Records Keeping, Appraisal and Selection 3. Records and Historical Materials in the Historical Narrative 4. the Relation of the Facts and Theory in the History 5. Conclusion In this essay I considered the relations of records and history, namely the process on the selection and choice from the records to the archives and the historical materials and in the process the role on the archivists and historians and difference and the relation of the facts and theory in the history. Archival science posits that an archives is the whole of the documents made or received in the course of purposeful activity, and of the relationships among those documents. Archival theory posits that it is the primary function of the archivists to maintain unbroken, continuing custody of societal archives, and to protect their integrity by keeping them physically and intellectually uncorrupted. The ultimate purpose of archival endeavors is to hand down to the next generations a reliable, trustworthy, and complete testimony of societal actions so that they can constitute sources of, and foundations for, future decision making. However, historical science searches for the truth in the historical facts, explains the cause and origin of the matters and reflects on th knowledge about the why and how the events happened. And history is firmly rooted on the philosophy. The goal of historian is analysing the nature of meaning of past in the society and tracing up the change and process of the transition. Archival science means historical source studies and other related disciplines. On the other hand archival management is the principle of respect for original order and the importance of original forms and conditions. Thus the relations between archival science and archives management are not one-sided but mutual. Archival science and historical studies, archivists and historians need to link more closely in order to hand down the contemporary memorial, the common memorial of mankind to the future.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.6
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• pp.225-262
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• 2002

Chief Consultant Archives Government Archives & Records Service -table of contents- 1. Introduction 2. Relationship of Historical Studies and Archive 3. Relationship of Archives and Archives 4. Conclusion; Historians, Archives, and Archivists, and Their Roles This essay is mainly written for historians who may have "little or limited experience" in dealing with archives and archivists in their course of historical research. It may sound very ridiculous to say that "historians have little or limited experience" in using archives but it is also true that many Korean historians have depended on various compiled editions of historical materials or personally donated and/or collected materials when they do research, rather than they would visit archives and search for the materials by themselves. This is the main reason for that the public archives in Korea have not served historians well and effectively, and vice versa, that historians have not visited archives sometime with no knowledge of archives, and have not requested opening of archives for their research. It is a simple fact that historian's study depends on the records he/she uses. Without records, there should be no history. Use of archives for historical research is a common thing and a must in modern archives. Records are selected to be preserved in archives for their preservation as well as their future use. Who select the records as archives? Archivists do mostly. Then, what are the criteria for the archivists to chose records as permanent preservable archives? Answers to this fundamental question have been provided by many historians and archivists. The closest answer may be that selecting archivists would be better trained and equipped with historical research and knowledgeable of the major trends in historical research. With his/her own experience of historical research and tracing the trends of historical studies and materials used in the historiography, they could chose better and appropriate records for future use using their prudence and discretion. It also means that historians have had influence on archivists in their selecting archives by providing the theme and context of historical studies of the time. Though not necessarily becoming a historian themselves, selecting or appraising archivists should understand the process of creating the records and should know how they become archives. This is a precondition to become a good archivist. But that's not all. They must know how the archives are used and what archives are used for what purposes. Among many other roles of modern archivists, selecting and describing the archives are the foremost tasks of an archivist. Archivists therefore developed modern methods to select future archives based on functional analysis and records series concept rather than a record file or item as a unit of selection. Historians are users or consumers of the archives held in the archives building or repository. The quality of their study depends on the "quality" of the materials they use. With the help of archivists not to mention of reference service, historians owe much to archivists in having an access to the materials they need, intellectually and physically. Too many closed archives and too long closed archives in the archives repository would benefit neither historians nor archivists. However, archivists can mostly react only to archive requests and demands made by historians for more wide accessibility. Using the FOIA, as in the U.S., or the Information Opening Act, as in case of Korea, historians can promote the use of historical materials as well as promoting accountability and transparence for the benefit to society as whole. In this context, it is vary desirable to establish a close professional relationship between historians and archivists even in the age of information society. At present, historians need more understanding of operation and importance of archives while archives administration need to realize the potential archival demands from research community and civil movement for clean government.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.4
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• pp.131-161
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• 2001

This paper is to examine the bibliographical description of the revolutionary historical archives and the standardization of the archives management in China. The standardization in the field of records and archives management was not initiated on its own way but as a part of national - leveled standardization. As a first step National Committee on Technical Standardization of Literature was established, followed by the establishing of Committee on Technical Standardization of Micro - filming and Committee of Technical Standardization of Paper Form. The standardization of the records and archives management was carried out in the context of functions of these three committees. In 1983 the standardization in the sphere of records and archives management speeded up, when the National Archives Administration formed small organizations which led the standardization work all over the country. A committee of standardization originated from small organizations and it brought a great progress of the standardization. If some opinions on standardization were submitted from records offices or related offices, they were examined by the committee of standardization. The opinions that were submitted by the committee of standardization were examined by the National Archives Administration which proclaimed it officially. The Chinese government commenced to establish the bibliographical data centre for historical archives and materials on the basis of this process of standardization. In the case of the revolutionary historical archives the description was made on the level of sources(provenance), which was sent to the bibliographical data centre for historical archives and materials. The Chinese government set digitalizing as a goal in records and archives management in the middle of 1990's. It was regulated that the description of records item that should be transferred to the center must be digitalized. However, the description of the file level was not made separately being reflected in the process of description of item level. (The second part of the paper will be released in the next volume).

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.7
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• pp.75-105
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• 2003

Russian State Historical Archive (Rossiiskii gosudarstvennyi istoricheskii arkhiv - RGIA) received its present name in June 1992, and before 1961 was known as TsGIA. RGIA holds the major records of high-level and central state and administrative institutions and agencies of tsarist Russia from the eighteenth century to 1910s (except the records of the Army, Navy, and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs), as well as fonds of social organizations, institutions, and individuals of prerevolutionary Russia. The main goal of this article is to assist understanding russian principle on arrangement and classification archives with its historical development focusing on one of the biggest historical archive in Russia. The primary set of historical records in RGIA remain arranged in 3-steps classification system: fond (collection) -- opis' (inventory) -- delo (file). In this general survey of RGIA author offers detailed information on the collection of archives and the system for classification of its huge amounts of primary sources in connection with influence upon historical studies. Despite the general economic crisis Russian archives are struggling to keep their doors open for public research and are exerting their energies in present electronic information to scholars and other researchers from throughout the world. The result, however, is not rewarded enough, considering the effort involved.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.53
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• pp.161-200
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• 2017

This study aims to examine the current status of school archives and suggest improvements. To do that, in-depth interviews were conducted with seven principals of schools in J city, which participated in the School Archives Project initiated by 'J' Office of Education, and a record manager in charge of the project. The interviews consist of four parts: 1) perceptions about the overall project, 2) acquisition of historical manuscripts of the schools, 3) arrangement and preservation of the historical manuscripts, and 4) services in the school archives. The results found that the principals had difficulties in managing the archives by themselves and requested continual financial and human resource support from the J Office of Education. This study suggests the future direction of the School Archives Project as well as recommendations for improving the current status of manuscript management in the schools.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.8
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• pp.3-56
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• 2003

The purpose of the present study lies in understanding the historical context as well as regulatory and administrative restraints of records and archival management system of Korea, with the case of Korean Government Archives and Records Service(GARS). Insights gained from the historical analysis of GARS are expected to provide strategies to develop and reinvent GARS so that the national agency could be the basis of reforming Korean archival system in the future. The present study firstly reviews historical context of 1960s and 1970s, during which GARS was established, as well as its role and hierarchical standing in Korean administrative system. Second, its organizational system is analyzed, focusing on the extent of its specialization and organizational independence. Third, the study proposes to develop strategies to reinvent GARS through reinforcing the public records and archives management act(1999).

• Journal of Korean Society of Archives and Records Management
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.109-126
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• 2017

This study deals with the theoretical analysis of important audiovisual archives, specifically regarding the historical context of the given theme. The study will feature a historical review of the concept, which is the basis for audiovisual archive research, followed by the specificities of audiovisual archives in sharp contrast to public archives, libraries, and museums. Audiovisual archives will also be covered primarily regarding documentaries as well as places and institutions. The study will conclude with various issues of audiovisual archives in today's digital age. The study hopes to contribute to the growth of audiovisual archive research in Korea and the establishment of various audiovisual archives that will be addressed on a national level both in policy and in practice.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.5
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• pp.209-242
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• 2002

Bibliographical Description for Revolutionary Historical Archives is created to describe records at the item level. It defines descriptive elements, punctuations, formats and methods. Descriptive elements are composed of 20 elements, each of which is either mandatory or optional. Mandatory elements are: repositories codes, documents codes, dates, creators, title, classification codes, and subject vocabularies. Abstracts were previously included in card cataloging and are removed in the computerized system. New elements, such as "uncontrolled vocabularies," "name of places," "personal names," "organizational structures" and "meetings," are added to allow keyword search. Considering that subject vocabulary searches are the most important in computerized systems, however, Guidelines for the Subject Indexing for Revolutionary Historical Archives as well as Subject Headings, as a result from the Guidelines, are created. The most extraordinary features in Chinese archival description are said to be the Guidelines for the Classification Indexing for Revolutionary Historical Archives and Materials as well as the Classification Scheme, both of which are created to allow subject search of records content. It is because Chinese practice of records management distinguishes the classification for arrangement from that for retrieval. Chinese archival description is, therefore, composed of bibliographic description rules, subject headings, and the classification scheme for retrieval.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.359-384
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• 2016

This study aims to develop digital archives for honam catholic history institute. To achive the goal, this study considers historical archives of honam catholic history institute. Also, this study proposed an effective archiving method based on OSS(open source software) for contents collection, management, preservation and service. Archiving of local cultural contents can contribute to the local development along with cultural industry policy. This study performed interview with people in charge of management of archives to extract general requirements for implementation of local archives. With the results, this study limitations of current archives management and considerations of implementation of local archives. This study proposed a method to effectively solve the limitations through the processes.