• Clinical Pain
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.54-58
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• 2020

Skeletal muscle metastasis of gastric cancer is extremely rare and is associated with various symptoms. Here, we report on a 60-year-old woman with right hip pain after excessive walking. Two years earlier, the patient had been treated for advanced gastric cancer (surgery, adjuvant chemotherapy). Upon magnetic resonance imaging, diffuse muscle swelling and high signal intensity were observed in T2-weighted images of the right hip muscle. However, the FDG uptake in the right gluteal muscles was not obviously increased. Pathological examination of muscle biopsy revealed metastatic adenocarcinoma of stomach origin. The patient was treated with chemotherapy, and the swelling and pain in the right hip are progressively improving.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.323-330
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• 2011

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of using a pressure bio-feedback unit (PBFU) and a pelvic belt (PB) on the electromyographic (EMG) signal amplitude of the gluteus medius (Gmed) and the quadratus lumborum (QL) during hip abduction exercise when lying on the side. Methods : Twenty able-bodied volunteers (10 male, 10 female) were recruited for this study. The EMG signal amplitude was randomly measured during hip abduction with preferred hip abduction (PHA), with PBFU, and with PB. The surface EMG signal was recorded from the Gmed and the QL. Data were analyzed using a one-way repeated ANOVA. Results : Muscle activity of Gmed was significantly higher in PBFU and in PB than in PHA (p<.05). There were no significant difference between PBFU and PB(p>.05). Muscle activity of the QL was significantly lower in PB than in PHA(p<.05). The Gmed/QL muscle activity ratio was also significantly higher in PBFU and in PB than in PHA(p<.05), with no significant difference between PBFU and PB (p>.05). Conclusion : Based on these findings, using a PBFU and a PB is an effective method to disassociate QL use from Gmed use during hip abduction exercises when lying on the side.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.24-31
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of the hip internal rotation on gluteal and erector spinae muscle electromyographic (EMG) activity during treadmill walking. Eleven healthy subjects were recruited. All subjects performed treadmill walking while maintaining the hip in neutral position (condition 1) and in internal rotation (condition 2). Surface EMG activity was recorded from four muscles (gluteus maximus (GM), gluteus medius (GMED), tensor fascia latae (TFL), and erector spinae (ES)) and the hip internal rotation angle was measured using a three dimensional motion analysis system. The gait cycle was determined with two foot switches, and stance phase was normalized as 100% stance phase (SP) for each condition using the MatLab 7.0 program. The normalized EMG activities according to the hip rotation (neutral or internal rotation) were compared using a paired t-test. During the entire SP of treadmill walking, the EMG activities of GM in condition 1 were significantly greater than in condition 2 (p<.05). The EMG activities of TFL and ES in condition 2 were significantly greater than in condition 1 (p<.05). The EMG activities of the GMED in condition 1 were significantly greater than in condition 1 (p>.05) except for 80~100% SP. Further studies need randomized control trials regarding the effect of hip internal rotation on the hip and lumbar spine muscle activity. Kinetic variables during gait or going up and down stairs are also needed.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.16-23
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• 2022

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of adding hip abductor strengthening to conventional rehabilitation on muscle strength and physical function following total knee replacement (TKR) for knee osteoarthritis. Design: Randomized controlled trial Methods: Thirty-five participants were randomly allocated to exercise groups I (n=18) and II (n=17). Group I underwent hip abductor training and conventional rehabilitation for 30 min per day, 5 days per week for 4 weeks. Group II underwent conventional rehabilitation for 30 min per day, 5 days per week for 4 weeks. The participants in both groups also received continuous passive motion therapy for 15 min per day, 5 days per week for 4 weeks. To investigate the effect of the intervention, the Biodex dynamometer was used to measure the peak torque of both knee extensors and hip abductors. This study used the Knee Outcome Survey-Activities of Daily Living Scale (KOS-ADLS) to assess physical function, as well as the figure-of-8 walk test (F8W) and the stair climb test (SCT). Results: According to the interventions, exercise groups I and II showed significantly improved muscle strength and KOS-ADLS, F8W, and SCT scores (p<0.001). Compared with that of exercise group II, exercise group I showed significantly improved hip abductor strength (p<0.001) and KOS-ADLS, F8W, and SCT scores (p<0.05). Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that the combination of hip abductor strengthening and conventional rehabilitation is an effective exercise method to increase hip abductor muscle strength and physical function after TKR.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.49-57
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to investigate the dynamic balance and activity of internal oblique muscle, multifidus muscle, gluteus maximus muscle, biceps femoris muscle during the Y balance test following the wearing of pelvic compression belt. Forty healthy adults were recruited for this test. The dynamic balance score was estimated as the following: (anterior+posteromdial+posterolateral)/($3{\times}leg$ length)${\times}100$. The electromyography signals were measured through %reference voluntary contraction, which was normalized by reference voluntary contraction of Y balance test without wearing the pelvic compression belt. The paired t-test was carried out to compare the dynamic balance score and the activity of the trunk and hip extensor with and without the wearing of pelvic compression belt. The dynamic balance score of the Y balance test when wearing pelvic compression belt was significantly than when measured without wearing the pelvic compression belt (p<.05). The muscle activity of the internal oblique and the multifidus was significantly decreased when wearing pelvic compression belt (p<.05). The muscle activity of the gluteus maximus was significantly increased when wearing pelvic compression belt (p<.05). However, there was no significant difference in hamstring muscle activity, with or without wearing the belt (p>.05). In conclusion, this study shows that the wearing of pelvic compression belt affects trunk muscle and hip extensor muscle activity related to the pelvic mobility and stability and increases dynamic balance and also contributes to the stabilization of the external pelvic stabilization.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.23-28
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• 2018

Purpose: This study examined the effectiveness of iliopsoas self-stretching on the hip extension angle, gluteus maximus (GM) activity, and pelvic compensated angle during prone hip extension (PHE) in subjects with iliopsoas shortness. Methods: Twenty-healthy subjects with iliopsoas shortness were recruited. Electromyography (EMG) was used to examine erector spinae (ES), multifidus (MF), GM, and biceps femoris (BF) while performing PHE. An electromagnetic tracking motion analysis device was used to measure the pelvic compensations. The pelvic compensations while performing PHE were considered to be anterior tilting and rotation. A modified Thomas test was used to monitor the hip extension angle before and after iliopsoas self-stretching. A paired t-test was used to investigate the significant difference after iliopsoas self-stretching during PHE. The level of statistical significance was set to ${\alpha}=0.05$. Results: Muscle activity of GM and hip extension angle were significantly greater after iliopsoas self-stretching compared to that before iliopsoas self-stretching during PHE (p<0.05). BF and pelvic rotation angle were significantly lower after iliopsoas self-stretching compared to that before iliopsoas self-stretching during PHE (p<0.05). The muscle activity of ES was not significantly different between PHE before and after iliopsoas self-stretching (p>0.05). Conclusion: Iliopsoas self-stretching can be effective in selectively strengthening the GM muscles with minimized pelvic compensation in subjects with iliopsoas shortness.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.105-115
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• 2017

Continuous lifting and carrying of babies constitutes a serious physical burden, leading to issues such as muscle fatigue and pain in child-care workers. However, there is a lack of research on the pressure and subjective comfort of baby carriers that are commercially available in the market. Therefore, this study was intended to determine the most comfortable and least burdensome type of baby carrier. This was done by analyzing muscle activity and pressure when subjects carried babies using three types of baby carriers. The types of baby carriers evaluated included a 'baby carrier of thin shoulder straps without back support band (X-type)', a 'baby carrier with a back-support band and without a hip sheet (H-type)', and a 'baby carrier with back support band and hip support (H-hip type). The subjective comfort of subjects wearing each type of baby carrier was investigated and compared to the objectively measured data. As a result, the X-type baby carrier showed the heaviest pressure on the shoulders and the subjective comfort was found to not be good. On the waist region, the H-type and H-hip type baby carriers showed significantly less muscle activation than the X-type baby carrier. However, subjects showed a stronger preference for the X-type baby carrier on the waist region, despite greater muscle activation. This appears to be because although the back-support band disperses the weight and thus improves physiological comfort; the wearers feel cramped and thus, lower their psychological comfort.

• Hip & pelvis
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.18-24
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• 2022

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine whether there is a correlation between the type and stability of intertrochanteric fractures caused by low-energy trauma and gluteus muscle volume. Materials and Methods: A total of 205 elderly (>65 years) patients with intertrochanteric fractures caused by low-energy trauma treated from January 2018 to December 2020 were included in this study. The mean age of patients was 81.24 years (range, 65-100 years). Fractures were classified according to the Jensen modification of the Evans classification. The cross-sectional area of the contralateral gluteus muscle (minimus, medius, and maximus) was measured in preoperative axial computed tomography slices. An analysis and comparison of age, body mass index (BMI), weight, height, and the gluteus muscle area in each fracture type group was performed. Results: In the uni-variable analysis, statistically significant taller height was observed in patients in the stable intertrochanteric fracture (modified Evans 1 and 2) group compared with those in the unstable intertrochanteric fracture (modified Evans 3, 4, and 5) group (P<0.05). In addition, significantly higher BMI-adjusted gluteus muscle area (gluteus muscle area/BMI) was observed for the stable intertrochanteric fracture group compared with the unstable intertrochanteric fracture group except for the BMI-adjusted gluteus minimus area (P=0.112). In multivariable analysis, only the BMI-adjusted gluteus maximus (P=0.042) and total gluteus areas (P=0.035) were significantly higher in the stable group. Conclusion: Gluteal muscularity around the hip, especially the gluteus maximus, had a significant effect on the stability of intertrochanteric fractures.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.127-133
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• 2008

Purpose : The purpose of this study was carried out to review the correlation between foot shape(supination foot, pronation foot) and low back pain, hip abduction muscle and ankle lateral sprain. Methods : By using internet, we research the PubMed, Science Direct, KISS, DBpia We selected the article between 1990 and 2007. Key words were supination foot, pronation foot, balance. Results : Normal control balance of human body needs a optimal anatomical alignment and function of musculoskeletal and central nerve system that control continuously to integrate. Especially ankle and foot complex play an important role in postural control because it is located distal part in human body. Supination foot brings to chronic ankle sprain or chronic ankle instability and range of motion limitation due to the weakness of lateral ankle muscle. Pronation foot brings to knee injury because of lower leg internal rotation force. Conclusion : Excessive supination and pronation foot happen to muscle imbalance. Especially weakness of hip abduction or injury of ankle lateral muscle or low back pain are due to abnormal balance and anatomical alignment.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.40-46
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• 2016

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect on multifidus and external oblique abdominis muscle activation during hip contraction of three types (concentric, isometric, eccentric) in standing position. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: Twenty healthy adult men volunteered to participate in this study. Muscle activation was recorded from gluteus maximus, both multifidus, and both external oblique abdominis by surface electromyography (EMG) while holding position in the type of gluteus maximus contraction. EMG values were normalized by maximum muscle contractions (% maximum voluntary isometric contraction). All subjects performed hip extension with three contraction methods. The type of gluteus maximus contraction using Thera-band was composed of concentric contraction (type 1), isometric contraction (type 2), and eccentric contraction (type 3). To measure muscle activation on the gluteus maximus contraction type, each position were maintained for 5 seconds with data collection taken place during middle three seconds. Muscle activation was measured in each position three times. Results: For the results of this study, there was no significant difference within three contraction patterns of the gluteus maximus (concentric, isometric, and eccentric) each both multifidus, both external oblique abdominis, and gluteus maximus. And there was no significant difference among both multifidus, both external oblique abdominis, and gluteus maximus each hip extension contraction type. Conclusions: These findings suggest that specific contraction types of the gluteus maximus does not lead to a more effective activation of the multifidus, external oblique abdominis, and gluteus maximus.