• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.31 no.9
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• pp.1446-1456
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• 1998

Bones are important parts in sustaining the shape of the body, but they are also metabolic organs which undergo bone remodeling by constant bone resorption and formation. Osteoporosis, the typical metabolic bone disease, is characterized by a reduction in bone mineral density (BMD). Women more than men are at risk fir osteoporosis-related fractures, especially in the lumbar spine, wrist, and hip region. Risk of fracture depends on one's BMD, which open determined by the peak bone mass value achieved at skeletal maturity and followed by subsequent age-and menopause-related bone loss. Genetic and environmental factors are known to play a key role in bone metabolism and diet is considered as one of the important environmental factors. The purpose of the present study was to assess the status of BMD and bone mineral content(BMC) to clarify the relationships between dietary intakes and the risk of osteoporosis in adult women in Taegu. Subjects were 130 healthy females in between 20 and 69 years of age. BMD and BMC of the lumbar spine(venebrae L2-4) of the subjects were measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. The average age of the subjects was 47.4${\pm}$11.7 years old, the average weight was 57.2${\pm}$8.4kg, the average age of menarche was 16.6${\pm}$1.9 years old and the average age of menopause was 48.4${\pm}$5.3 years old. The nutrient intakes of the subjects measured by the convenient method were generally lower than the level of RDA. The result of nutrient intake assessed has shown that the average energy intake was 1701${\pm}$316kca1 which is 85.1% of the RDA and the average calcium intake was 485.4${\pm}$172.3mg which is 69.3% of the RDA. The intakes of protein, vitamin A, vitamin B$_1$, niacin were greater than the RDA, whereas the remaining nutrient intakes were lower than the RDA. The average BMD of the subjects was shown to be 1.06${\pm}$1.09g/$\textrm{cm}^2$. The highest BMD of 1.24${\pm}$0.14g/$\textrm{cm}^2$ was noticed in the subjects of 30s compared to 20s, 40s, 50s, 60s. The BMD values were compared by the relative body weight(R3W) of the menopause subjects, and it was found that the underweight group had significant lower BMB while the rest of the groups did not have any differences in BMD. The most strongly correlated nutrient with BMD among the menopause subjects appeared to be calcium. The women whose Ca intakes were higher than 500mg showed the significantly higher BMD than those with Ca intakes lower than 500mg. This study suggests that the most effective way to prevent osteoporosis and to reduce the incidences of fractures seems to be minimizing bone loss through the adequate intake of calcium as well as avoiding underweight, especially in menopausal women. (Korean J Nutrition 31(9) . 1446-1456, 1998)

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.34-48
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• 2019

Background: Fall-related injuries in older adults are a major health problem, and the risks and mechanisms of these injuries should be affected by race, culture, living environment, and/or economic status. Objects: Research articles have been systematically reviewed to understand fall-related injuries in older adults in South Korea. Methods: 128 published research papers have been found through the Korea Citation Index and the Korean Studies Information Service System, and reviewed in various perspectives, including incidents, fall death rates, medical costs, causes, injury sites and types, locations where falls occurred, prevention strategies, scholarly fields interested in fall injuries, and the role of physical therapy. Results: Fall-related injuries were found to be more common in women than in men, and the number of incidents increased with age, with the highest rate found in individuals over 85 years old. Risk of fall injury was associated with education level, comorbidities, and fear of falling. Common places where falls occurred included the bathroom, living room, stairs, and hallway. Common types of injury included bruises, fractures, and sprains in the lower extremities. Intervention strategies included exercise programs, education, and protective clothing. Scholarly fields interested in fall-related injuries in older adults included medicine, nursing, physical therapy, occupational therapy, physical education, pharmacology, oriental medicine, biomedical engineering, design, clothing, and textiles. Physical therapy intervention using proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation has been used to improve one's balance. Conclusion: Any movement during the activities of daily living can lead to a fall. Physical therapists are highly educated to analyze human movements and should be involved in more research and practices to solve fall-related injuries in older adults.

• Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association
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• v.55 no.3
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• pp.244-252
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• 2020

Purpose: Total femoral replacement (TFR) is an extreme form of limb salvage. Considering the rarity of this procedure, reports have focused on the complications and a proper indication is unclear. This study analyzed 36 patients with TFR who were asked the following: 1) prognostic factors related to survival in patients who underwent TFR with a tumoral cause; 2) overall implant and limb survival; 3) complications, functional outcome, and limb status for patients surviving for more than 3 years. Materials and Methods: According to the causes for TFR, 36 patients were categorized into three groups: extensive primary tumoral involvement (group 1, 15 cases), tumoral contamination by an inadvertent procedure or local recurrence (group 2, 16 cases), and salvage of a failed reconstruction (group 3, 5 cases). The factors that may affect the survival of patients included age, sex, cause of TFR, and tumor volume change after chemotherapy. Results: The overall five-year survival of the 36 patients was 31.5%±16.2%. The five-year survival of 31 patients with tumoral causes was 21.1%±15.6%. The five-year survival of 50.0%±31.0% in patients with a decreased tumor volume after chemotherapy was higher than that of increased tumor volume (p=0.02). The five-year survival of 12 cases with a wide margin was 41.7%±27.9%, whereas that of the marginal margin was 0.0%±0.0% (p=0.03). The ten-year overall implant survival of 36 patients was 85.9%±14.1%. The five-year revision-free survival was 16.6%±18.2%. At the final follow-up, 12 maintained tumor prosthesis, three underwent amputation (rotationplasty, 2; above knee amputation, 1), and the remaining one had knee fusion. Among 16 patients with a follow-up of more than three years, 14 patients underwent surgical intervention and two patients had conservative management. Complications included infection in 10 cases, local recurrences in two cases, and one case each of hip dislocation, bushing fracture, and femoral artery occlusion. Conclusion: Patients showing an increased tumor volume after chemotherapy and having an inadequate surgical margin showed a high chance of early death. In the long-term follow-up, TFR showed a high infection rate and the functional outcome was unsatisfactory. Nevertheless, this procedure is an inevitable option of limb preservation in selected patients.