• Title/Summary/Keyword: Hind-foot

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Comparison Study of Static and Dynamic Plantar Foot Pressure between Chronic Low Back Pain Patients and Normal Adults (만성 요통 환자와 정상 성인의 정적, 동적 족저압 비교 연구)

  • Lee, Jeon-Hyeong;Kim, Gi-Chul;Seo, Hyun-Kyu;Park, Youn-Ki
    • The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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    • v.19 no.1
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    • pp.49-54
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    • 2013
  • Background: The purposed of this study is to examine the static and dynamic plantar foot pressure in chronic low back pain patients and normal adults. Methods: The subjects were divided into a group of 30 patients with chronic low back pain and a control group of 30 healthy persons. While static posture and dynamic posture at comfortable walking speeds, the low back pain group and the control group measured their plantar foot pressure and the trajectory of their center of pressure (COP) using the Matscan(R) system. Independent t-tests were measured to compare differences in plantar foot pressure characteristics between the left side and right side of the low back pain group and the control group. Results: In the comparison of differences in plantar foot pressure characteristics between the left side and right side of the low back pain group and the control group, the anteroposterior (AP) displacement of COP showed significant differences (p<.05). Although the low back pain group and the control group did not show any significant differences in leg length, weight distribution, mediolateral (ML) displacement of COP, static contract area, dynamic contract areas (p>.05), increases in the contract area values were shown in the hind foot in general. Conclusion: In this study, it was shown that patients with chronic low back pain were walking with short AP displacement of the COP as a compensatory action to avoid pain.

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Changes in Gait Parameter with Adolescent Idiopatic Scoliosis

  • Kim, Su-Hyon;Kim, Hyun-Jin
    • The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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    • v.26 no.3
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    • pp.136-139
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    • 2014
  • Purpose: The purpose of this study will demonstrate that relationship between scoliosis and gait factor and foot weight bearing in ambulation. Methods: Subjects were 40 elementary students. A normal control group consisted of a total of 20 children without any known musculoskeletal disorders and an AIS group of 20 children with mild AIS (defined by a Cobb angle between 10 and $25^{\circ}$) were recruited. Measurements were scoliometer screening test, Cobb angle, gait parameter (rate of swing/stance phase, gait velosity), foot weight bearing (entire, fore, hind). Results: Scoliometer screening test (P = 0.000) and X-ray Cobb angle (P = 0.000) significant difference of group which was significantly higher in the AIS group. Gait parameter not showed significant difference. Forefoot weight bearing was significantly higher in the AIS group than more normal group. Conclusion: It seems that the results of weight bearing analysis in ambulation may be used in modifying rehabilitation programs for individual needs of patients with idiopathic scoliosis.

Unilateral Talonavicular Coalition: A Case Report (편측성 거주상 골결합증: 증례 보고)

  • Ahn, Jungtae;Moon, Myung-Sang;Sung, Ki-Sun;Kwon, Ki-Tae
    • Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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    • v.20 no.1
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    • pp.36-38
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    • 2016
  • Tarsal coalition is an abnormal union between two or more bones of the hind- and mid-feet, which can occur at various rates from cartilaginous to osseous union. Talonavicular coalition is reported less frequently than calcaneonavicular or talocalcaneal coalition and has been associated with various abnormalities, including symphalangism, clinodactyly, ray anomaly, clubfoot, other tarsal coalitions, and a ball-and-socket ankle joint. Patients with talonavicular coalitions are usually asymptomatic and rarely require surgical treatment. We review the literature and report on a case of 59-year-old male patient with talonavicular coalition.

Tarsal Coalitions (족근 골 결합)

  • Park, Yong-Wook;Seo, Il-Woo
    • Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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    • v.16 no.3
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    • pp.141-147
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    • 2012
  • A tarsal coalition is an abnormal union between 2 or more tarsal bones of the hind- and midfoot, which can be congenital or acquired. The documented overall incidence of tarsal coalition is 1% or less. The resulting abnormal articulation leads to accelerated degeneration within adjacent joint. Pain is often diffuse, exacerbated by strenuous activity or following an ankle sprain. The findings on physical examination is protruded mass, diminished range of motion of the involved joint. It is possible to identify of tarsal coalitions with conventional radiography, but CT scanning necessary to evaluate of the size, location, characteristic and preoperative planning of tarsal coalitions. The initial treatment for a tarsal coalition is conservative, but tarsal coalitions unresponsive to conservative treatment, are managed by coalition resection, or arthrodesis in case of presence of degenerative changes.

Heterotopic Ossification of Distal Tibiofibular Syndesmosis after Ankle Fractures (족관절 골절 후 발생한 원위 경비 인대의 이소성 골형성)

  • Chung, Hyung-Jin;Choi, Yun-Seok;Choi, Jung-Yun
    • Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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    • v.10 no.1
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    • pp.88-91
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    • 2006
  • Purpose: To evaluate the effect on clinical course of heterotopic ossification of distal tibiofibular syndesmosis after ankle fractures. Materials and Methods: From June 2001 to May 2004, we found nine cases of heterotopic ossification of distal tibiofibular syndesmosis after ankle fractures. There were 8 male patients and 1 female patient; their mean age was 42 years old. There were 6 Weber type B and 2 Weber type C fractures, and there is 1 case with posterior malleolus fracture only. Among them, 8 ankle fractures were operated. Follow up period was averaged for 14 months. We were able to review radiographs at initial injury and to review clinical menifestation and radiographs at last follow up. We used an ankle-hindfoot scoring system of AOFAS which combined symptom, function and alignment with maximum score of 100 point. Results: In all cases ankle dorsiflexion and plantarflexion were not significantly different from that of the contralateral side. The patients who had developed heterotopic ossification in distal tibiofibular syndesmosis had a similar functional score. The mean ankle-hind foot score was 94 points. Conclusion: We concluded that the heterotopic ossification of distal tibiafibular syndesmosis after ankle fractures had little effect on clinical course and range of motion of ankle joint.

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The Function and Symptoms of Ankle Joint in the Distal Tibial Fractures Treated by Nailing (족관절 기능과 증상을 중심으로 평가한 경골 원위부 골절에서의 금속정 치료 결과)

  • Kim, Byoung-Min;Bae, Su-Young;Roh, Jae-Young
    • Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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    • v.12 no.1
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    • pp.86-92
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    • 2008
  • Purpose: To evaluate the safety and prognostic factors of intramedullary nailing of distal tibia fractures in terms of function and symptoms of the ankle joint. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 22 distal tibial fractures with intramedullary nailing. The mean duration of follow-up was 43 months. We reviewed medical records to describe each case. We measured radiographic parameters such as fracture configuration, arthritic change of the ankle joint and status of reduction. We also assessed clinical results by AOFAS ankle hind foot scoring system, degree of pain by VAS and range of motion to find out prognostic factors for functional result of the ankle joint. Results: Bone healing was obtained in all cases without any wound complications. Mean AOFAS ankle score was 94. There were 4 cases with mild (VAS<3/10) ankle pain and 2 cases with mild limitation of ankle motion. The comminution of fracture had a significant relationship with delayed angular deformity of ankle joint (p=0.032). There was no other significant parameter affecting ankle joint function except the location of nail-end. Conclusion: Intramedullary nailing in distal tibia fracture is a safe and effective procedure. But further study may need to evaluate the relationship between the position of nail-end and the function of ankle joint.

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Effect of Step-up and Step-down Hyperthermia on Skin of Mice (온열요법시 온도변화가 정상조직에 미치는 영향)

  • Choi, Ihl-Bohng;Kim, Choon-Yul;Bahk, Yong-Whee
    • Radiation Oncology Journal
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    • v.6 no.2
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    • pp.155-161
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    • 1988
  • The usefulness of hypertermia for cancer therapy have well been established. The purpose of the present investigation was to ascess the effect of step-up $(42^{\circ}{\rightarrow}44^{\circ}C$ sequence) and step-down $(44^{\circ}{\rightarrow}42^{\circ}C$ sequence) heating on the skin of the hind foot of the mouse. Hyperthermic treatments were given by immersion the hind foot of the mouse in circulating water baths. Skin response was studied by the leg reaction, which was scored according to a numerical scoring system proposed by Urano et al (1980). The results were as follows 1. The skin damage of $44^{\circ}C$ control group was more severe than $42^{\circ}C$ control group (P<0.05), except for 15 min. heating group. 2. The Skin damage of step-down group was more severe than step-up group (P<0.05). 3. The skin damage of $44^{\circ}C$ control group was more severe than step-up group when there is no difference in $44^{\circ}C$ heating time of step-up group from $44^{\circ}C$ control group (P<0.05). 4. In step-down group, the skin damage was more severe than $44^{\circ}C$ control group after preheating 45 min at $44^{\circ}C$ (P<0.05). Therefore, the above findings suggest the normal tissue damage by step-up heating was correlated with heating time of post step-up. The dropping of heating temperature in late phase had more severe damage of the skin than that in early phase during hyperthermia, and so contineous control of satisfactory temperature should be considered as the one of the most important factor for prognosis, complications of clinical hyperthermia

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Analysis of Clinical and Radiographic Outcome of the Reconstructive Surgery for the Cavovarus Foot Deformity (요내반족 변형에 대한 재건수술의 임상적 및 방사선학적 결과 분석)

  • Jung, Hong-Geun;Park, Jae-Yong;Lee, Dong-Oh;Eom, Joon-Sang;Chung, Seung-Hee
    • Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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    • v.18 no.2
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    • pp.62-67
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    • 2014
  • Purpose: Reconstructive surgeries for equinocavovarus foot deformities are quite variable, including hind-midfoot osteotomy or arthrodesis, soft tissue procedure, tendon transfers, etc. Comprehensive evaluation of the deformity and its etiology is mandatory for achievement of successful deformity correction. Few studies in this field have been reported. We report on the clinical and radiographic outcome of reconstruction for cavovarus foot deformities. Materials and Methods: The study is based on 16 feet with cavovarus foot deformities that underwent bony and soft tissue reconstructive surgery from 2004 to 2008. We evaluated the etiologies, varieties of surgical procedures performed, pain score, functional scores, and patient satisfaction and measured the radiographic parameters. Results: The average age at the time of surgery was 39.4 years old, with a male/female ratio of 9/4 and an average follow-up period of 23.9 months (range, 12~49 months). The etiologies of the cavovarus deformity were idiopathic 7 feet, residual poliomyelitis 5 feet, Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease 2 feet, and Guillain-Barre syndrome and hemiplegia due to cerebrovascular accident sequela 1 foot each. Lateral sliding calcaneal osteotomies were performed in 12 feet (75%), followed by Achilles tendon lengthening and plantar fascia release in 11 feet (69%), and first metatarsal dorsiflexion osteotomy/arthrodesis and tendon transfer in 10 feet (63%). Visual analogue scale pain score showed improvement, from an average of 4.2 to 0.5 points. American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society ankle-hindfoot score showed significant improvement, from 47.8 to 90.0 points (p<0.05). All patients were satisfied. Ankle range of motion improved from $27.5^{\circ}$ to $46.7^{\circ}$. In radiographic measurements, calcaneal pitch angle improved from $19.1^{\circ}$ to $15.8^{\circ}$, Meary angle from $13.0^{\circ}$ to $9.3^{\circ}$, Hibb's angle from $44.3^{\circ}$ to $37.0^{\circ}$, and tibio-calcaneal axis angle from varus $17.5^{\circ}$ to varus $1.5^{\circ}$ Conclusion: We achieved successful correction of cavovarus foot deformities by performing appropriate comprehensive reconstructive procedures with improved functional, radiographic measures and high patient satisfaction.

Effects of Acupuncture applied to Food Samli on the Rat Model of Knee Arthritic Pain (족삼리(足三里) 전침(電鍼)이 백서(白鼠)의 슬관절염(膝關節炎) 통증(痛症)에 미치는 영향(影響))

  • Park, Sung-Ik;Koo, Sung-Tae;Hwang, Jae-Ho;Shin, Jong-Keun;Sohn, In-Chul;Kim, Kyung-Sik
    • Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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    • v.21 no.1
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    • pp.113-127
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    • 2004
  • Objectives : The usage of acupuncture has gained popularity as an alternative method of treatment for certain chronic pain conditions. However, the efficacy of acupuncture in various diseases has not been fully established and the underlying mechanism is not clearly understood. In the present study, the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) applied to foot samli$(ST_{36})$ on the carrageenan-induced knee arthritic pain was examined. Methods : A common source of persistent pain in humans is the knee arthritis. Knee arthritis was induced by injection of 2 % carrageenan $50\;{\mu}l$ into the knee joint cavity. When rats developed pain behaviors, EA was applied for 30 min. under enflurane anesthesia with repeated train stimuli at the intensity of 10X of muscle twitch threshold. The weight bearing force of the hind limb was measured for an indicator of pain level after each manipulation. Results : The average weight borne by the hind limb during normal gait was 55% of total body weight, which was reduced to less than 10% after knee arthritis. EA improved the weight bearing of the arthritic hind limb significantly for the duration of 4 hr. EA applied to $ST_{36}$ point produced a significant improvement of stepping force of the arthritic foot lasting for at least 4 h. However, $GB_{31}$ point did not produce any significant increase of weight bearing force. The analgesic effect was specific to the acupuncture point since the analgesic effect on the knee arthritis model could not be mimicked by EA applied to a nearby point, $GB_{31}$. The relations between EA-induced analgesia and endogenous nitric oxide(NO) and inducible NO synthase(iNOS)/neuronal NOS was also examined. Results were turned out that both NO production and nNOS/iNOS protein expression which is increased by arthritis were suppressed by EA stimulation applied to $ST_{36}$ point. Conclusions : The data suggest 1) that EA produces a potent analgesic effect on the rat model of chronic knee arthritis pain in a point specific manner and 2) that EA-induced analgesia modulate endogenous NO through the suppression of nNOS/iNOS protein expression.

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Ankle Lesions, Associated with Anterior Soft Tissue Impingement (전방 연부조직 충돌과 동반된 족관절 병변)

  • Sung, Il-Hoon;Kim, Suk-Hwan;Shim, Kyu-Dong;Lee, Jun-Hwan;Kang, Chang-Nam
    • Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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    • v.14 no.2
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    • pp.115-118
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    • 2010
  • Purpose: To evaluate clinical features of ankle lesions, associated with anterior soft tissue impingement. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 21 patients who had chronic anterior ankle pain as initial symptom and associated ankle lesions with anterior soft tissue impingement. Based on preoperative radiologic findings, physical examination intra-operative findings, appropriate procedures were done for lesions by either arthroscopic or minimal open procedure or combined. Clinical evaluation was done using American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society, ankle-hind foot score (AOFAS score) and visual analog scale (VAS) on last follow up. Results: Associated lesion(s) to anterior soft tissue impingement of the ankle were 16 cases of osteochondral lesion of talus, 14 cases of bony impingement, 6 cases of ankle lateral instability, 5 cases of loose body, 4 cases of os subfibulare. AOFAS score was $58.9\;{\pm}\;5.1$ preoperatively and $74\;{\pm}\;9.1$ on last follow up. Clinical satisfaction score using VAS showed excellent in 3 cases, good in 11, fair in 3, poor in 4. Conclusion: The patients who had anterior soft tissue impingement would have various associated lesions on their ankle. In such cases, preoperative counseling for variety of postoperative results would be needed.