• Ocean Systems Engineering
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.85-99
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• 2024

Ocean surface currents have an essential role in the Earth's climate system and significantly impact the marine ecosystem, weather patterns, and human activities. However, predicting ocean surface currents remains challenging due to the complexity and variability of the oceanic processes involved. This review article provides an overview of the current research status, challenges, and opportunities in the prediction of ocean surface currents. We discuss the various observational and modelling approaches used to study ocean surface currents, including satellite remote sensing, in situ measurements, and numerical models. We also highlight the major challenges facing the prediction of ocean surface currents, such as data assimilation, model-observation integration, and the representation of sub-grid scale processes. In this article, we suggest that future research should focus on developing advanced modeling techniques, such as machine learning, and the integration of multiple observational platforms to improve the accuracy and skill of ocean surface current predictions. We also emphasize the need to address the limitations of observing instruments, such as delays in receiving data, versioning errors, missing data, and undocumented data processing techniques. Improving data availability and quality will be essential for enhancing the accuracy of predictions. The future research should focus on developing methods for effective bias correction, a series of data preprocessing procedures, and utilizing combined models and xAI models to incorporate data from various sources. Advancements in predicting ocean surface currents will benefit various applications such as maritime operations, climate studies, and ecosystem management.

• 아태비즈니스연구
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.431-444
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• 2023

Purpose - This study applies the traditional Structure-Conduct-Performance (SCP) model from industrial organization theory to investigate the relationship between market structure and performance in China's banking industry. Design/methodology/approach - For analysis, financial data from the People's Bank of China's "China Financial Stability Report" and financial reports of 6 state-owned banks and 11 joint-stock banks for the period 2010 to 2021 were collected to create a balanced panel dataset. The study employs panel fixed-effects regression analysis to assess the impact of changes in market structure and ownership structure on performance variables including return on asset, profitability, costs, and non-performing loan ratios. Findings - Empirical findings highlight significant differences in the effects of market structure between state-owned and joint-stock banks. Notably, increased market competition positively correlates with higher profits for state-owned banks and with lower costs for joint-stock banks. Research implications or Originality - State-owned banks demonstrate larger scale and stability, yet they struggle to respond effectively to market shifts. Conversely, joint-stock banks face challenges in raising profitability against competitive pressures. Additionally, the study emphasizes the importance for Chinese banks to strengthen risk management due to the increase of non-performing loans with competition. The results provide insights into reform policies for Chinese banks regarding the involvement of private sector in the context of market liberalization process in China.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.247-259
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• 2024

This study assessed the effectiveness of brand image communication on consumer perceptions of cruelty-free fashion brands. Brand messaging data were gathered from postings on the official Instagram accounts of three cruelty-free fashion brands and consumer perception data were gathered from Tweets containing keywords related to each brand. Web crawling and natural language processing were performed using Python and sentiment analysis was conducted using the BERT model. By analyzing Instagram content from Stella McCartney, Patagonia, and Freitag from their inception until 2021, this study found these brands all emphasize environmental aspects but with differing focuses: Stella McCartney on ecological conservation, Patagonia on an active outdoor image, and Freitag on upcycled products. Keyword analysis further indicated consumers perceive these brands in line with their brand messaging: Stella McCartney as high-end and eco-friendly, Patagonia as active and environmentally conscious, and Freitag as centered on recycling. Results based on the assessment of the alignment between brand-driven images and consumer-perceived images and the sentiment evaluation of the brand confirmed the outcomes of brand communication performance. The study revealed a correlation between brand image and positive consumer evaluations, indicating that higher alignment of ethical values leads to more positive consumer assessments. Given that consumers tend to prioritize search keywords over brand concepts, it's important for brands to focus on using visual imagery and promotions to effectively convey brand communication information. These findings highlight the importance of brand communication by emphasizing the connection between ethical brand images and consumer perceptions.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.546-554
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• 2018

본 연구는 졸업 직전 간호학생들의 전공만족도, 간호역량성취도, 업무기대감 간의 관련성을 중심으로 진로계획에 미치는 영향을 파악하기 위한 서술적 상관관계 연구이다. 연구자료는 D시와 K시 소재 두 개 대학의 졸업을 앞둔 간호학생 255명이 자가보고식 설문지에 기입하는 방식으로 2016년 1월4일부터 1월7일까지 수집되었다. 자료는 SPSS와 AMOS를 사용해 기술분석, Pearson's correlation coefficients, t-test, bootstrapping을 활용한 SPSS macro, 경로분석을 실시하였다. 연구결과로, 간호학생들의 전공만족도, 간호역량성취도, 업무기대감은 유의미한 상관관계가 있으며, 전공만족도와 간호역량성취도는 업무기대감에 유의미한 영향을 미쳤다. 또한 롤 모델의 유무에 따라 전공만족도와 간호역량성취도가 업무기대감에 미치는 영향이 달라지는 조절효과가 있었다. 전공만족도는 졸업 후 진로계획에 직접적인 영향은 유의미했으나, 전공만족도가 업무기대감을 거쳐 진로계획에 미치는 간접적인 효과는 유의미하지 않았다. 반면, 간호역량성취도가 졸업 후 진로계획에 미치는 직접적인 영향은 유의미하지 않았으나, 간호역량성취도가 업무기대감에 영향을 미침으로써 진로계획에 영향을 미치는 간접적인 효과는 유의미한 것으로 나타나, 업무기대감이 간호역량성취도와 향후 진로계획 간의 관계에 매개요인으로 작용하는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 간호학생의 졸업 후 진로계획을 위해 전공만족도와 간호역량성취도를 향상시킴으로써 업무기대감을 강화하고, 이를 위해 임상전문가와의 적극적인 상호작용으로 롤 모델을 형성하고, 향후 간호업무 수행을 위한 동기와 목표를 탐색할 수 있는 교육방안이 강화되어야 함을 시사한다.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.93-101
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• 2016

Purpose - As more consumers pursue high quality products at reasonable prices, Korean retail companies are increasing investment in expanding their outlet stores. Despite the growing importance of the outlet business, there has been very little empirical research on consumers' outlet shopping behaviors. This study aimed to investigate the relationships between consumers' perceived product value (performance quality, value for money, and social value) of outlet stores and overall shopping satisfaction and the effect of shopping satisfaction on outlet store loyalty. Research design, data and methodology - The authors developed a structural model in which performance quality, value for money, and social value of products are proposed to affect overall outlet shopping satisfaction, thus increasing customer loyalty. To analyze the research model, data were collected from 88 shoppers at suburban outlets. SPSS 21.0 and AMOS 21.0 were utilized to test the hypotheses. The unidimensionality of each construct was supported from the results of the reliability test with Cronbach's α and confirmatory factor analyses. Correlation analysis was performed and the results warranted the nomological validity of the measures. The fit statistics of the overall model analysis demonstrated an acceptable fit(X²(₁₆₁)=171.651, p=.000; X²/df=1.546; GFI=.821, NFI=.879, TLI=.942, CFI=.953, RMR=.035, RMSEA=.079). Results - The findings are as follows. First, consumers' perceived value of product performance quality had a significant positive effect on overall outlet shopping satisfaction. Consumers, who evaluate performance quality of the product more positively, tend to express stronger satisfaction and happiness about outlet shopping experience. Second, consumers' perceived social value of outlet products influenced their overall satisfaction significantly. Consumers who believe that products of outlet stores enhance self-concepts are more likely to satisfy with outlet shopping experience. However, consumers' perception of outlet products on value for money was not found to significantly influence overall shopping satisfaction. Finally, overall shopping satisfaction had a significant and positive influence on loyalty. Conclusions - While outlet retailers have traditionally focused on promoting competitively priced merchandise, the results of this study suggest that customers' overall satisfaction with outlet shopping is influenced more by the non-price-related product values. In the context of an outlet shopping environment, performance quality and social value of the products were found to be more critical predictors of customer overall satisfaction. Therefore, it would not be efficient for outlet retailers to highlight economic value of their merchandise. Instead, they need to investigate the performance quality of the products regularly and try to deliver quality guaranteed goods to enhance customer satisfaction. Also, outlet retailers should differentiate their businesses by carrying more unique and prestigious brands and emphasize higher social value and symbolic meanings of their products. As competition among outlet retailers are getting fierce, retail companies need to focus on strengthening customer loyalty with a long-term perspective. With a deeper understanding of the relationship between consumers' perceived product values and shopping satisfaction, outlet retailers will be able to develop customer loyalty strategies effectively and to achieve competitive advantage.

• 사회복지연구
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.389-411
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• 2012

본 연구는 노인들의 음주문제 발달궤적과 심리사회적 예측요인을 분석하는 데 그 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 한국복지패널 1차 조사에서 3차 조사까지에 해당하는 2006년부터 2008년까지의 자료에서 노인 연령에 해당하는 만 65세 이상의 남녀를 대상으로 연구를 진행하였다. 자료의 분석은 다수준 성장곡선 모델을 적용하여, 음주문제의 발달 궤적과 음주문제의 초기 값(intercept) 및 변화율(slope)의 예측요인을 밝히고자 하였다. 주요 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 무조건적 다수준 성장곡선 모델을 수행한 결과, 노인의 음주문제는 첫 번째 측정시기인 2006년에서 세 번째 측정시기인 2008년까지 평균적으로 매년 조금씩 감소하고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 둘째, 조건형 다수준 성장곡선 모델을 수행한 결과, 연령이 낮을수록, 남성일수록, 결혼한 상태일수록, 종교가 없을수록, 빈곤층일수록, 스스로를 건강하지 않다고 인식할수록, 사회적 관계에 만족하지 않을수록 음주문제의 초기 값이 높은 것을 알 수 있다. 또한, 사회적 관계 만족도는 음주문제 변화율에 유의미한 예측요인으로 나타나 사회적 관계 만족도에 따라 노인의 음주문제 변화추이가 달라짐을 알 수 있다. 연구 결과를 바탕으로 다음과 같은 시사점을 얻을 수 있다. 첫째, 지역사회의 광범위한 사회복지현장에서 2차 예방차원으로 노인의 음주문제를 다룰 필요성이 있으며, 심리 사회적 위험요인들을 완화시킬 수 있는 다양한 프로그램의 개발이 필요하다. 둘째, 노인 문제음주자의 회복을 위해서 건강한 사회적 지지망의 유지 및 형성을 촉진시키는 것이 중요한 개입으로 필요함을 알 수 있다.

• 감성과학
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.741-752
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• 2010

본 연구는 매력적인 도시브랜드개성 창출과 이의 활용을 위해, 도시의 문화자원의 도시브랜드개성에 미치는 영향을 규명하고, 관광객과의 호의적인 관계 구축 및 충성도를 이끌어내기 위한 방안을 도출하고자 시도되었다. 실증분석결과는 다음과 같이 요약된다. 첫째, 도시 문화자원은 문화프로그램, 문화인프라, 문화인력으로 구성된다. 둘째, 도시브랜드개성은 혁신성, 평온함, 세련성, 신뢰성, 역동성으로 각각 분류되었다. 셋째, 도시의 문화자원은 도시브랜드개성 형성에 정(+)의 영향을 주며, 각각 상의한 역할을 하는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 도시브랜드개성은 도시브랜드만족도와 도시브랜드몰입도에 각각 정(+)의 영향을 준다. 다섯째, 도시브랜드 만족도와 도시브랜드몰입도는 도시브랜드 충성도에 각각 정(+)의 영향을 준다. 이와 같은 결과는 효과적인 도시의 문화자산은 독특한 도시브랜드개성을 창조하며, 지속가능한 경쟁 우위 원천으로써, 도시의 매력을 효과적으로 전달하는 커뮤니케이션도구임을 시사한다.

• 한국사회복지학
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• 제59권2호
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• pp.303-325
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• 2007

본 연구는 마케팅적 관점의 브랜드 자산 개념을 비영리조직인 자선모금기관의 기부시장에 적용하여 마케팅 활동과 브랜드 자산 간 관계를 실증적으로 분석하고자 하였다. 이를 통해 자선모금기관에서 차별화된 가치창출, 전략적 포지셔닝, 그리고 지속적 기부관계 유지를 위한 마케팅 활동에의 시사점을 확인하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 체계적 조사절차에 따라 자료를 수집하고 구조방정식(SEM)을 활용하여 연구모형을 검증하였다. 분석결과, 마케팅 믹스 중 촉진은 브랜드 인지와 연상/이미지에, 절차는 인지된 품질, 브랜드 연상/이미지, 브랜드 충성도에 각각 정(+)적인 영향을 미쳤고, 브랜드자산 구성요소 중에서는 브랜드 연상/이미지가 유일하게 브랜드 자산에 정(+)적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 기부상품의 특성과 현재 우리나라 기부시장의 발달특성이 반영된 것이라 하겠다. 따라서 자선모금기관은 고객이 인지하는 차별화된 가치를 창출하고 긍정적 브랜드 연상/이미지 구축을 위한 신뢰증진적 촉진전략과 접근용이한 절차개발에 보다 노력해야 할 것이다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권24호
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• pp.10949-10955
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• 2015

Liver cancer is one of leading digestive malignancies with high morbidity and mortality. There is an urgent need for the development of novel therapies for this deadly disease. It has been proven that asparagus polysaccharide, one of the most active derivates from the traditional medicine asparagus, possesses notable antitumor properties. However, little is known about the efficacy of asparagus polysaccharide as an adjuvant for liver cancer chemotherapy. Herein, we reported that asparagus polysaccharide and its embolic agent form, asparagus gum, significantly inhibited liver tumor growth with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) therapy in an orthotopic hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tumor model, while significantly inhibiting angiogenesis and promoting tumor cell apoptosis. Moreover, asparagine gelatinous possessed immunomodulatory functions and showed little toxicity to the host. These results highlight the chemotherapeutic potential of asparagus polysaccharide and warrant a future focus on development as novel chemotherapeutic agent for liver cancer TACE therapy.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제38권11호
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• pp.966-974
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• 2015

Despite the presence of toll like receptor (TLR) expression in conventional $TCR{\alpha}{\beta}$ T cells, the direct role of TLR signaling via myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) within T lymphocytes on graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) effect after allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT) remains unknown. In the allo-SCT model of C57BL/6 ($H-2^b$) ${\rightarrow}$ B6D2F1 ($H-2^{b/d}$), recipients received transplants of wild type (WT) T-cell-depleted (TCD) bone marrow (BM) and splenic T cells from either WT or MyD88 deficient (MyD88KO) donors. Host-type ($H-2^d$) P815 mastocytoma or L1210 leukemia cells were injected either subcutaneously or intravenously to generate a GVHD/GVL model. Allogeneic recipients of MyD88KO T cells demonstrated a greater tumor growth without attenuation of GVHD severity. Moreover, GVHD-induced GVL effect, caused by increasing the conditioning intensity was also not observed in the recipients of MyD88KO T cells. In vitro, the absence of MyD88 in T cells resulted in defective cytolytic activity to tumor targets with reduced ability to produce IFN-${\gamma}$ or granzyme B, which are known to critical for the GVL effect. However, donor T cell expansion with effector and memory T-cell differentiation were more enhanced in GVHD hosts of MyD88KO T cells. Recipients of MyD88KO T cells experienced greater expansion of Foxp3- and IL4-expressing T cells with reduced INF-${\gamma}$ producing T cells in the spleen and tumor-draining lymph nodes early after transplantation. Taken together, these results highlight a differential role for MyD88 deficiency on donor T-cells, with decreased GVL effect without attenuation of the GVHD severity after experimental allo-SCT.