• Journal of the Korean Society of International Agriculture
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.465-474
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• 2011

Agricultural environment of Lam Dong province, which is located in central highland area, is totally different from that of other lower areas in Vietnam. In Lam Dong province, abundant plant resources were naturally grown such as pine trees, taxus, and wild orchids, which can grow in high mountainous area. In Lam Dong, the field proportion of perennial crops was higher than that of annual crops. However, the field proportion and yields of vegetables were highest among the all cultivated crops, estimating 38% (36,552ha) and 72% (993,082MT), respectively. Especially in Da Lat, vegetables, flowers, orchids, and industrial crops were mainly produced because this area is geographically close to Ho Chi Minh city. And also in Da Lat, 64% (8,447ha) and 36% (4,777ha) of farm fields were used for producing annual and perennial crops, respectively, and the yields of fresh vegetables in this area was estimated to 213,478MT which was 21.5% of the whole yields in Lam Dong province. Thus Korea, Taiwan, Japan, France, and Holland have invested to agriculture in Da Lat for producing and exporting flowers, vegetables, and tea. In 2009, flower cultivation area of Da Lat was over 55% in Lam Dong province and average amount of values were 9,781 million USD, which was higher than that of al other crops. Thus following strategies could be suggested for the development of agriculture in Lam Dong province. The first, agricultural cooperation with Da Lat, Lam Dong, should be characterized to horticulture and floriculture, followed by supporting both appropriate R&D techniques and equipments. And then agricultural system should be made in relationship with the local companies. Finally, agricultural cooperation program should be conducted toward the direction for both donor and recipient countries.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.33-40
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• 2014

To control Bemisia tabaci on tomato, we applied five different combinations of chemical treatments as below: 1) treatment of combinations of cyantraniliprole on the root area and leaf with the existing registered chemicals three times; 2) treatment of combinations of cyantraniliprole on the root area and dinotefuran + emamectin benzoate on the leaf with the existing registered chemicals three times; 3) treatment of combinations of dinotefuran on the root area and cyantraniliprole on the leaf with the existing registered chemicals three times; 4) treatment of combinations of dinotefuran on the root area and dinotefuran + emamectin benzoate on the leaf with the existing registered chemicals three times; 5) untreated control plot (Table 1). Twenty days after treatment ($17^{th}$ Aug.), the number of population of B. tabaci was zero on the 1, 2, 3, 4 treatments of combinations, and only 2 individuals were found on the 5 treatment of combination per each 20 plant. On $17^{th}$ Sep., in the last observation, the average number of population of B. tabaci was 10.3, 10.3, 10.6 on the 1, 2, 3 treatments of combinations on the 20 plants per each combination, however, the average number of 23.3 and 37.6 were examined on the 4 and 5 treatments of combinations, respectively. TYLCV was not occurring on the 1 and 2 treatments of combinations, and presented only 3% and 17% on the 3 and 4 treatments of combinations, respectively, which indicates that the treatments (1-4) should be effective on TYLCV control as considering that 33% of TYLCV occurred on the untreated control plot. However, after the third flowering period, there is no difference among the five combinations. The amount of products was 9,148g and 9,698g on the 1 and 2 treatments of combinations, respectively, which was the most among the 5 combinations. The number of fallen fruits and the average weight of fruits showed the similar tendency.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.94-106
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• 2011

The muddy water occurrence possibility of reservoir were analyzed by considering GIS based soil erosion model, sediment delivery ratio and effective reservoir capacity. For the purpose, the weakness factors for the establishment of countermeasures of basin were analyzed by evaluating input factors of RUSLE model based on spatial data such as DEM, soil map, landcover map and so on. The potential of soil erosion was estimated considering highland upland. The sediment yields of Chungju-Dam and Soyanggang-Dam showed the highest result in sediment yield using sediment delivery ratio with considering basin area. The sediment concentration of Imha-Dam and Chungju-Dam showed the highest value as 0.791 $kg/m^3/yr$ and 0.526 $kg/m^3/yr$ respectively in sediment concentration with considering effective reservoir capacity. Especially, sediment yield of Imha-Dam was about 2.36 times lower than Soyanggang-Dam, but the sediment concentration was 1.90 times higher preferably, because the effective reservoir capacity of Imha-Dam was about 4.48 times lower. This study calculated sediment concentration using the 10 years mean rainfall event and could consider the aspects of soil, terrain, landcover, cultivation condition and effective reservoir capacity of each basin effectively through the results. Therefore, these quantitative sediment concentration data could be used to estimate the potential of high density turbid water for reservoir and applied with effective tools for the management of reservoir.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.87-92
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• 2002

Soil erosion is detrimental to sustain soil productivity in north Korea, since agriculture of this country depends largely upon the slope land in mountainous area. Taking any measure for protection from erosion should be based on prediction of soil loss. Estimation of rainfall factor, R, in north Korea for the Universal Soil Loss Equation was attempted. The monthly precipitation data of the twenty six locations provided by the Korean Meteorological Adminstration were used. From the relationship between II_30 and the July-August precipitation concentration percents, the regional adjustment factor was obtained. The rainfall factor was calculated with the monthly precipitation data and the regional adjustment factor. The annual precipitation in north Korea ranged from 606 to 1,520mm, and the July-August precipitation concentration percents were 34.4 to 53.8. The regional adjustment factor ranged from 0.53 to 1.33 showing lower value in the highland and east coastal region than in the mid mountainous inland and west region. The R-factor value estimated from the monthly precipitation and the regional adjustment factor ranged from 107 to 483, which was lower than average value in south Korea.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.304-317
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• 2020

This study conducted selected two sites in Geumnamhonam and four sites in Honam-Jeongmaek for vegetation survey with consideration to the location environment and anthropogenic impacts to investigate the vegetation structures of the Geumnamhonam-Jeongmaek·Honam-Jeongmaek ridge areas. Using TWINSPAN (two-way indicator species analysis), each of the two ridge areas were categorized into seven plant communities. The differential species in the TWINSPAN technique indirectly represent the environmental factors of plant communities, and the community types of the two ridge areas were divided based on environmental factors such as altitudes above sea level, soil moisture, and disturbance. These results were in harmony with the environmental factors of the DCA (detrended correspondence analysis) axis 1. In the low-lying areas of both ridge areas, afforestation tree species such as Pinus rigida and P. thunbergii were in competition with native tree species. As such, in the low-lying areas, artificial vegetation disturbance was severe due to afforestation and development projects. In relatively highland areas, such as upper slopes, and top areas, in the ridge, the vegetation type with the dominance of Quercus mongolica, Q. variabilis, and P. densiflora was preserved well. As for differences between the two ridge areas, communities dominated by Q. mongolica were distributed widely in Geumnamhonam-Jeongmaek because of the altitudes above sea level, and the latitude of this ridge area are higher than those of Honam-Jeongmaek. On the other hand, communities dominated by P. densiflora were distributed along with communities dominated by Q. mongolica, and communities dominated by Q. variabilis appeared in Honam-Jeongmaek because it is adjacent to the south coast. In quantitative vegetation analysis such as TWINSPAN and DCA, changes in species composition and the extracting environmental factors that cause the changes are important. To that end, the removal of accidental emergent species, the establishment of an investigation plan that assumes environmental factors, and the selection of the optimal analytical method suitable for the characteristics of the survey data are necessary.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.15 no.10
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• pp.1428-1432
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• 2002

Thirty-six (20 wethers and 16 rams) adult Gansu highland finewool sheep with an average liveweight of $19.42{\pm}1.83kg$ were used. The sheep were allocated to 4 treatments and confined in individual feeding stalls. The 80 day feeding trial was divided into 2 periods of 38 and 42 days. The sheep had access to clean water and were fed chopped wheat straw ad libitum. Daily supplemented diets of 150 g for the first period and 200 g for the later period were provided. The 4 types of supplements were: Wheat bran type (I), which is the traditional feeding practice in the area and the control group; Linseed cake type (II); Linseed cake+poultry litter type (III); Poultry litter+distiller grains type (IV). The digestibility trial was conducted using a total collection method at the end of the first period in the feeding trial. The results showed that the digestibilities of DM, OM, CP, CF, NDF and ADF in group II and III were increased to more than 50%. CP and NDF digestibility in group II were significantly increased by 23.6% and 25.5% respectively over group I (p<0.01) and by 10.1% and 13.1% respectively over group III (p<0.05). The digestibility of DM, OM, CP, CF, NDF and ADF in group IV was lower than group I by 4.4 to 8.4% (p>0.05). Compared to group I, group II and III increased straw intake by 17.6% (p<0.01) and 10.8% (p<0.05). The ADG increased from 16.2 g in group I to 45.3 g and 32.8 g (p<0.01) in group II and III respectively. The ratio of supplement intake to gain decreased from 10.7 in group I to 3.9 and 5.4 (p<0.01) in group II and III respectively. The ratio of supplement cost to gain also decreased by 60.0% and 64.3%, respectively. The wool growth rate and wool strength in these 2 groups were noticeably improved. This significantly enhanced the wool's textile value. The above parameters in group IV were lower than in group I, except the ratio of supplement cost to gain. This research indicates that local low quality nitrogen resources could be used effectively and economically to improve the utilization of wheat straw fed to sheep on smallholder farms under harsh loess plateau conditions in the winter.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2010.05a
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• pp.1457-1460
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• 2010

최근 기후변화로 인해 태풍 등과 같은 집중성 강우가 많이 발생하고 있고, 강우시 유출 등으로 인한 유역내 발생하는 토양침식으로 인해 유역의 하천을 비롯하여 유출구에서의 탁수 및 유사 발생 문제는 우리나라 뿐만 아니라 전 세계적으로 심각한 환경문제로 대두되고 있다. 강우시 유역에서 발생하는 이러한 탁수문제를 효과적으로 해결하기 위하여 여러 최적관리기법 (Best Management Practices, BMPs) 들이 제안되어왔다. 본 연구의 목적은 볏짚매트 사용으로 인한 토양유실 저감 실측자료를 바탕으로 볏짚매트를 다양한 경사지 밭에 적용하였을 경우 유역에서의 토양유실 저감효과를 평가하기 위한 모델링 기법을 개발하는데 있다. 볏짚 매트의 효과를 Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) 모형으로 모의하기 위해서는 볏짚매트의 효과를 모형에서 반영할 수 있는 인자를 선택하여 최적의 인자값을 산정해야 한다. 본 연구에서는 유사 저감 효과 실험 결과를 VFSMOD-W 모형을 이용하여 USLE P 인자값을 도출하였으며, 경사도에 따른 USLE-P 값을 산정하여, SWAT 모형에 입력자료로 사용하였다. 분포형 모형과는 달리 준분포형 모형인 SWAT 모형은 소유역내 수문학적 반응단위별로 유출, 유사, 그리고 비점오염 발생을 평가하는데 이때 Hydrologic Response Unit (HRU)의 지형정보가 활용된다. 이 지형정보는 SWAT 유사 평가시 매우 민감한 변수중의 하나이기 때문에 유역 단위 유사 평가시 정확한 지형자료의 입력이 요구된다. 그러나 SWAT 모형은 소유역내 HRU의 경사도 및 경사장을 직접 산정하지 않고, 소유역의 평균경사도를 기준으로 하여 산정된 경사도를 소유역내 모든 HRU에 동일하게 적용하는 단점이 있다. 본 연구에서는 준분포 모형인 SWAT 모형의 단점을 개선하기 위하여 SWAT Spatially Distributed (SD)-HRU를 적용하였다. 이를 통해 다양한 경사지 밭에서의 볏짚매트의 효과를 분석할 수 있게 되었다. 볏짚매트 미적용시 모의 기간내 유사량 총합은 74,954.42 ton 이고, 월평균 유사량은 814.72 ton 으로 산정되었고, 볏짚매트를 적용하였을 경우 모의 기간내 (2000년 1월 - 2007년 8월) 유사량 총합은 48,460.55 ton 이고, 월평균 유사량은 526.75 ton 으로 볏짚매트를 적용하지 않았을 때보다 약 35.35 % 저감된 값을 보였다. SD-HRU를 적용하고 각 농경지의 경사도에 따라 USLE P 값을 수정하여 볏짚매트에 의한 효과를 분석하였을 때, 볏짚매트를 적용하지 않았을 때 보다 볏짚매트를 적용하였을 때 모의 기간내 약 35% 정도의 유사량이 감소된 것을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구결과에서 보여주는 바와 같이 고랭지 지역에서의 영농활동 시 볏짚매트를 설치한다면 강우시 발생하는 토양유실을 효과적으로 저감시킬 수 있을 것이라 판단된다.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.697-708
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• 2016

As the needs for fast wireless communication technology in various fields, including companies, individuals, etc., grows, many research projects related to the coverage of propagation are being carried out for plaining optimized communication services. On the other hand, there are some limitations in surveying and analyzing propagation in highland areas. To provide a better communication service of a new service, a range of radio environment conditions based on a wide radio bandwidth (selection of propagation model, correction of value in accordance with radio bandwidth, etc.) should be considered. In particular, radio environment conditions are becoming increasingly sophisticated. By the early detection of real-time changes in the radio spectrum, which is based on an examination and research of regional occupied band width condition, proper measures should be established. To make a proper solution of above, the basic real-time analysis of spectrum distribution status by regional groups is necessary. In addition, the establishment of prompt measures should be enable by stored or analyzed radio data. In an attempt to predict reliable propagation coverage, this thesis examines the limited propagation data with HTZ Warfare, which were collected from domestic high land sites faced with limited access. Furthermore, a comparative result value evaluation for an optimized propagation model was performed through testing simulations, and frequency-dependent and propagation model-dependent analysis.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.43-47
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• 2005

To investigate control efficacy of flusulfamide GR (granule) on Chinese cabbage clubroot caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae, experiment was accomplished in field located in Gangneungshi alpine area contaminated by P. brassicae. Flusulfamide GR provided control value of 84.6% and that was statistically significant difference from standard fungicides containing untreated control. To investigate ratio of reduction of resting spore according to fungicide treatment, soil of Chinese cabbage field before and after fungicide treatment were sampled and investigated density of resting spore. Resting spore density was not uniform in soil before fungicide treatment. Therefore, to investigate control efficacy of fungicide against clubroot, investigation on resting spore density was conducted before experiment and reflected in experimental design. Flusulfamide GR and DP (dust powder) provided 64.2% and 63.7% of reduction of resting spore on field soil after fungicide treatments. This result indicated that control efficacy of the fungicides was correlated with reduction of resting spore of P. brassicae. The increasing rate in fresh weight of above-ground part of Chinese cabbage by flusulfamide DP and GR, fluazinam DP and trifloxystrobin SC (suspension concentrate) was 14.3%, 13.0%, 13.8% and 3.8%, respectively. From above result, flusulmide GR have outstanding control efficacy against clubroot of Chinese cabbage and is effectively decreasing of resting spore density in soil.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2019.10a
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• pp.53-53
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• 2019

방울다다기양배추는 아직까지 국내에서는 소비자들에게 인지도가 낮은 작물이지만 최근 식생활 및 소비 패턴이 변화하면서 편의성, 차별성 등이 중요시면서 미니 과일, 미니채소류에 대한 관심이 증가하고 있다. 또한 외국의 도입 채소류에 대한 관심이 증가하면서 2013년 방울다다기양배추 수입량이 36톤이었던 것이 2015년에는 14.3배가 증가한 515톤으로 증가하였다. 이를 통해 방울다다기양배추가 가지고 있는 기능성과 미니채소에 대한 관심으로 지속적으로 소비가 증가할것으로 예상되고 있다. 이와같이 증가추세에 있는 방울다다기양배추의 수입을 대체하기 위해서는 국내 재배면적 확대가 필요하나 저온성 작물인 방울다다기양배추는 고온기 남부지역에서는 재배가 어려워 제주지역의 겨울재배 작형으로 제한되어 재배가 되고 있다. 따라서 제주지역의 겨울재배 작형과 연계하여 강원도 고랭지의 서늘한 여름 기후를 이용하여 단경기인 9~11월에 생산할 수 있는 여름재배 작형을 개발할 필요성이 있어 시험을 수행하였다. 본 시험은 2018년~2019년 태백 철암의 노지(표고 750 m)에서 시험품종은 "브릴리언트"를 이용하여 3월 하순 파종하여 50일 육묘하여 5월 10일 포장에 정식하였다. 흑색멀칭한 시험포장에 $80{\times}30cm$부터 $80{\times}60cm$까지 10 cm 간격으로 차이를 두고 정식하였으며 정식 전 N-P-K = 20-15-20 kg/10 a를 시비하였고 시험포장은 수확까지 병해충 방제 등 주기적으로 관리하면서 생육특성 및 수량성을 조사하였다. 재식거리별 생육상황을 비교한 결과 초장은 처리간 큰 차이가 없었고 경경은 재식거리가 커질수록 증가하는 경향이었다. 또한 엽장 및 엽폭은 처리간의 경향이 없었으며 엽수는 재식거리가 커질수록 증가하였고 $80{\times}30cm$ 처리시 80매내외였던 것이 $80{\times}50cm$ 이상일 경우 100매 이상으로 증가하였다. 재식거리별 구의 특성을 조사한 결과 구경은 처리간 큰 차이는 없었으나 재식거리가 커질수록 구경이 다소 증가하였으며 구중도 증가하는 경향이었다. 방울다다기양배추의 구의 엽수는 처리간 큰 차이가 없었고 경도 및 당도도 큰 차이가 없었다. 처리별 수량은 $80{\times}40cm$와 $80{\times}50cm$ 처리에서 수량이 다소 증가하였고 상품화율은 $80{\times}50{\sim}60cm$ 처리에서 80%이상으로 높았다. 따라서 방울다다기양배추의 여름 고랭지 재배시 재식거리는 $80{\times}50cm$ 처리시 생육 및 엽수 증가에 따른 구의 형성이 증가하여 수량성이 높아지고 상품화율도 증가하였다.