• 한국해양학회지:바다
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.40-49
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• 2004

강원도 삼척 호산해역에서 해조장의 회복에 결정적 역할을 할 것으로 짐작되는 둥근성게(Strongylocentrotusnudus) 개체군에 대한 생태학적 연구를 수행하였다. 2002년 6월의 예비연구를 통해 조하대에 3개 실험구(인공해조장. 갯녹음지역, 자연해조장)를 설정하고, 8월, 10월, 12월에 둥근성게의 분포와 섭식률, 포식압, 포식자 조합을 추정하였다. 둥근성게의 서식 밀도는 자연해조장에서 가장 낮았으나, 각경(test diameter)의 중위수는 가장 큰것(Kruskal-Wallis test, 8월, p<0.001; 10월, p=0.036)으로 나타났다. 둥근 성게의 먹이 섭식률을 추정하기 위한 실험(enclosure cage experiment)은 자연해조장에서 수행되었으며, 8월과 10월에 각각 160, 13.8 mg seaweed/g sea urchin/day로 추정되었다. 둥근성게에 대한 상대적인 포식압의 실험구 간 비교를 위해 수행된 포박실험 (tethering experiment)으로부터 자연해조장의 포식압이 다른 두 실험구에 비해 상대적으로 높은 것으로 나타났다. 실험 도중 현장에서 관찰된 포식자는 대부분 무척추동물인 것으로 나타났으며 어류 포식의 증거는 찾을 수 없었다. 죽은 성게나 산 성게를 담은 통발을 이용하여 포식자 조합을 파악하기 위한 실험을 하였다. 둥근성게의 포식자는 복족류 Neptuned arthritica와 별불가사리 Asterina pectinifera, 집게류 Pagurus cf. samuelis, 그리고 게류에 속하는 Atergatis integerrimus 등이며, 집게류인 Paguristes barbatus와 게류인 Actaea subglobosa도 가능성이 있는 포식자인 것으로 추정되었다 실험구 간 대비되는 관찰 결과로부터 (1)성게의 낮은 서식 밀도와 관련된 요인은 포식압이며, (2) 이는 조사 해역의 백화 현상의 발생, 유지와 낮은 포식압 간 가능한 상관관계를 제시하는 것으로 해석되었다.

• 한국소성가공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소성가공학회 2005년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.410-413
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• 2005

The results of an experimental and analytical study of composite pressure hull on buckling pressure are presented for LRN 300. Composite tensile test was done to know the composite material properties applied FE analysis for URN composite. We predicted the buckling and post buckling analysis of composite laminated cylindrical panels under external compression by using ABAQUS /Standard[Ver 6.4]. To obtain nonlinear static equilibrium solutions for unstable problems, where the load-displacement response can exhibit the type of nonlinear buckling behavior, during periods of the response, the load and/or the displacement may decrease as the solution evolves, used the modified Riks method. The modified Riks method is an algorithm that allows effective solution of such cases [7]. Experiments were conducted to verify the validation of present analysis for cross-ply laminated shells. The shells considered in the study have two different lamination patterns, $[{\pm}45/0/90]_{18s\;and}\;[/0/90]_{18s}$. Cylindrical panel of experiment and analysis have the radius of 200mm, length of 210mm and 60 degree of cutting angle. The critical load from experiment is $69\%$ of that of numerical analysis, because the fracture of matrix was generated before buckling. So URN 300 is not proper to use at the condition under high external pressue.

• International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.18-23
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• 2006

Cutting by a high speed laser cutting machine is one of most effective technologies to improve productivity. This paper has presented the cutting characteristics and optimal cutting conditions in a high speed feeding type laser cutting machine by using Tacuchi method in the design of experiment. An L9(34) orthogonal array is adopted to study the effect of adjustment parameters. The adjustment parameters consist of cutting speed, laser power, laser output duty and assistant gas pressure. The surface roughness of sheet metal is regarded as a quality feature. Analysis of variance is performed in order to evaluate the effect of adjustment parameters on the quality feature of laser cutting process.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.183-188
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• 2016

Engine oil plays an important role in the mechanical lubrication and cooling of a vehicle engine. Recently, engine development has focused on the adoption of gasoline direct injection (GDI) and turbocharging methodology to achieve high-power and high-speed performance. However, oil dilution is a problem for GDI engines. Oil dilution occurs owing to high-pressure fuel injection into the combustion chamber when the engine is cold. The chemical components of engine oil are currently developed to accommodate gasoline fuel; however, bio-alcohol mixtures have become a recent trend in fuel development. Bio-alcohol fuels are alternatives to fossil fuels that can reduce vehicle emissions levels and greenhouse gas pollution. Therefore, the chemical components of engine oil should be improved to accommodate bio-alcohol fuels. This study employs a 2.0 L turbo-gas direct injection (T-GDI) engine in an experiment that dilutes oil with fuel. The experiment utilizes a variety of fuels, including sub-octane gasoline fuel (E0) and a bio-alcohol fuel mixture (Ethanol E3~E7). The results show that the lowest amount of oil dilution occurs when using E3 fuel. Analyzing the diluted engine oil by measuring density and moisture with respect to kinematic viscosity shows that the lowest values of these parameters occur when testing E3 fuel. The reason is confirmed to influence the vapor pressure of the low concentration bio-alcohol-fuel mixture.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.102-108
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• 2007

The characteristic properties of aluminum, high strength stiffness to weight ratio, good formability, good corrosion resistence, and recycling potential make it the ideal candidate to replace heavier materials in the car to respond to the weight reduction demand within the automotive industry. In this paper, FE simulation was carried out to design an appropriate extrusion die for the automobile control arm. Based on the FE simulation result, a new die design has been proposed for uniform material flow in the cross section of extruded product. And then the welding pressure, extrusion load, and the tendency of mandrel deflection were estimated to verify high quality. In the extrusion experiment, it was possible to produce sound product without defects.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제45권6호
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• pp.631-636
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• 2008

In this paper, numerical analysis based on the RANS equation and the Realizable ${\kappa}-{\varepsilon}$ turbulence model is carried out for flows around an axisymmetric body at three Reynolds numbers($1.22{\times}10^7$, $1.0{\times}10^8$, $1.5{\times}10^8$) and the numerical results are compared with experiments data. Computed velocity distributions agree well with experiments as the Reynolds number increases. Pressure distributions agree well with the results of the potential flow except the tail region but differ from experiments for the parallel middle body as well as tail region. Pressure gradients show a good agreement with those of potential flow and experiment except the tail region. Friction coefficients show that the numerical results generally are lower than the experimental results estimated from the measured velocity. The difference of friction coefficients between the calculation and the experiment increases with growing of a boundary layer.

• 한국철도학회논문집
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.487-491
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• 2007

고속철도 건설시, 선로 중심 간격 및 시공기면폭의 감소는 건설비용의 절감을 가져온다. 그러나, 선로 중심 간격의 축소는 열차 주행 풍압의 증가의 여러가지 안전성 문제를 야기할 수 있으므로 기술적 검토와 공기역학적 연구가 수행되어야 한다. 본 연구에서는 호남 고속철도에 적합한 선로 중심간격을 검토하는데 필요한 차량 주행 안정성을 해석하기 위하여 선로 중심간격 변화로 인한 교행 열차 풍압을 예측하였으며, 이를 실차 실험 결과를 토대로 공력영향을 평가하였다.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.191-196
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• 1994

Captopril, an inhibitor of angiotensin converting enzyme, is also known to inhibit the degradation of bradykinin. We examined the effects of intracerebroventricular (ICV) captopril on the central pressor response to bradykinin in normotensive, 2-kidney, 1 clip Goldblatt (GHR) and deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-salt hypertensive rats. Captopril (1 mg) and bradykinin (5 nmol) were administered into the right lateral cerebral ventricle, and blood pressure and heart rate were continuously monitored throughout the experiment. ICV captopril alone did not affect the blood pressure within 10 minutes but it significantly augmented the central pressor response to bradykinin in GHR. On the contrary, captopril was without effect on the pressor response to bradykinin in normotensive and DOCA-salt rats. These findings indicate that endogenous kinins are not critical in regulating arterial pressure in normotensive and DOCA hypertensive rats. However, in GHR, an enhanced activity of the brain kallikrein-kinin system in maintaining the high blood pressure is suggested.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제19권8호
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• pp.1989-1998
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• 1995

Characteristics of the flame propagation for normal and abnormal combustion in hydrogen premixture in a cylindrical constant-volume combustion chamber are studied numerically. A detailed hydrogen oxidation kinetic mechanism, mixture transport properties and a model describing spark ignition process are used. The calculated pressure-time history of the stable deflagration wave propagation agrees well with the experiment. The ignition of the premixture in the unburned gas, initiated by the hot spot, causes a transition from deflagration to detonation under some initial temperature and pressure. Under the initial conditions with high temperature and pressure, excessive ignition energy initiates a strong blast wave and a detonation wave that follows. The chemical reaction in the detonation wave is much more vigorous than that in the deflagration wave and the peak pressure in the detonation wave is much higher than the equilibrium value.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.36-44
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• 2020

This study analyzed the deformation behavior of the high density polyethylene (HDPE) bottle in the blow molding process. We carried out finite element (FE) simulations using ANSYS Polyflow. First, the axisymmetric model was executed by 2D FE-simulation to determine the change of bottle wall thickness during the molding process. Then, the square model of the bottle was executed by 3D FE-simulation to gauge the effects of gas pressure on the change of wall thickness. The experiment results showed that the FE-simulations were able to upgrade the quality of the HDPE bottle in the blow molding process. These results can be used as guidance in adjusting gas pressure, as well as be extended for further study to determine process parameters such as temperatures, forming velocity, parison shape, etc.