• 대한간호학회지
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• 제39권5호
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• pp.700-708
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• 2009

Purpose: This study was done to test the validity and reliability of the Adolescent Mental Problem Questionnaire (AMPQ) for Korean high school students. Methods: The AMPQ was designed to assess adolescents', mental health status and problem behavior (Ahn, 2006). A methodological study design was used with exploratory factor analysis, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and a fitness of the modified model for validity. Also, Cronbach's alpha coefficients and alternative-form method for reliability were used. AMPQ was tested with a sample of 36,313 high school students. The participants consisted of 18,701 males and 17,612 females. Results: Seven factors were extracted through factor analysis: 'Psychiatric problems', 'Delinquency', 'Academic troubles', 'Family problems', 'Hazardous behavior', 'Harmful circumstance', 'Eating problems'. These factors explained 51.1% of the total variance. The fitness of the modified model was good ($X^2$=38,413.76, Goodness of Fit Index [GFI]=.94, Adjusted Goodness of Fit Index [AGFI]=.93, Comparative Fit Index [CFI]=.95, Root Mean Square Error of Approximation [RMSEA]=.05), and concurrent validity with Korea-Youth Self-Report [K-YSR] was .63. Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the 31 items was .85. Conclusion: The results of present study suggest that the modified AMPQ instrument may be useful for efficiently assessing mental health status and problem behavior in late adolescent, high school students.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제29권10호
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• pp.1303-1308
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• 2000

Objectives : It has been known that vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF), as an endothelial cell-specific mitogen, induces angiogenesis, and possesses vascular permeability and procoagulant properties. Peritumoral brain edema(PTBE) is a common accompaniment of malignant gliomas. It results from microvascular extravasation of plasma and proteins through the interendothelial spaces. The correlation between pathological grading, PTBE, neovascularization, and the expression of VEGF were analyzed in 31 patients with astrocytic tumors. Methods : Astrocytic tumor samples(8 astrocytomas, 14 anaplastic astrocytomas, and 9 glioblastomas) from 31 patients( 21 males and 10 females : average age $37{\pm}24$ years) who underwent surgery were examined retrospectively for the expression of VEGF and CD31(microvasculature) immunohistochemically. The extent of PTBE was examined by using preoperative CT or MRI as an edema index(EI). In addition to VEGF and CD31, several causative factors including tumor size, histologic type were compared with EI. Results : Only one of 8 astrocytomas, and majority of high grade(21 of 23 anaplastic astrocytomas and glioblastomas) tumors demonstrated PTBE(p<0.05). The majority of high grade tumors showed higher expression of VEGF (p<0.01). High grade tumors showed even higher CD31 expression(p<0.05), however, there was no close correlation between expression of VEGF and CD31. The EI was increased significantly, just as VEGF(p<0.01), but CD31 expression was not correlated with high EI. Conclusion : These data suggest that VEGF expression is closely correlated with PTBE and histological grading in astrocytic tumors. Microvasculature(CD31) in tumors is highly correlated with histological grading, however, shows no correlation with the expression of VEGF and PTBE.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.565-574
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• 2016

This study investigated eating behaviors of high school students (209 males and 230 females) in Daegu region by gender. As a result of analyzing breakfast intake frequency, 'Not rarely eat' showed the highest (25.1%), followed by '5 times a week' (24.4%), '2 times a week' (17.3%), '3 times a week' (15.0%), '1 time a week' (11.6%), and '4 times a week' (6.6%). Regarding reasons for skipping breakfast, 'lack of time' showed the highest percentages. For their breakfast, 53.5% of students ate boiled rice with side dishes. Regarding reasons for skipping breakfast, 'buy and eat snack' showed the highest percentages. Regarding favorite breakfast menu, 'rice roll, rice ball, rice burger' showed the highest percentage (55.4%), followed by 'bread & cereal' (28.7%) and 'fruits & vegetable' (7.7%). Regarding purchase of breakfast alternatives, 'Yes' was highest. Considering actors for choosing a breakfast alternative, there is a need for 'convenience of food consumption', 'spending less time', 'easy cooking', 'favorite menu' and 'taste' of the breakfast alternative. When asked how much they like breakfast alternative menus, they responded that they liked 'rice roll, rice ball, rice burger' (3.91), 'bread & cereal' (3.67), 'fruit & vegetable' (3.66), 'noodle' (3.39), 'porridge' (3.18) and 'rice cake' (3.07). This result shows that breakfast menus should be developed according to high school students preferences.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.24-32
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• 2002

Objective : Few studies have examined the relationship between the risk of cancer and exposure to pesticides in Korea or in other East Asian that have until recently used chlorophenoxy herbicides. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the exposure to pesticides and cancer incidence. Methods : We conducted a prospective cohort study with a follow-up period of 13 years (1985-1998). The subjects included 2,687 male and 3,589 female Kangwha Island residents, Koreans aged fifty-five or more as of March 1985, who received a personal health interview and completed a health examination survey. A Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate relative risks(RR). Results : At baseline, the mean age of the study participants in 1985 was 66.4 for males and 67.1 for females. During the 13 years follow-up, a total of 300 incidents of cancer in males and 140 in females developed. In males, the total cancer incidence in the highest group was RR, 1.4 (95%. CI=1.0-1.9), p for trend=0.041, for digestive organ cancer Incidence in the highest group, RR, 1.5 (95% CI=1.0-2.3), p for trend=0.057, for stomach cancer, incidence in the highest group, RR, 1.6 (95% CI=0.9-2.8), p for trend=0.094, for gallbladder cancer incidence in the highest group, RR, 9.1 (95% CI=1.1-77.0), p for trend=0.014 were elevated according to the higher frequency of pesticide use per year. In particular, the risk of gallbladder cancer was very high. Although not significant, the risk of liver cancer was higher than in the non-exposed group (in the highest group, RR, 2.0(95% CI=0.7-5.9)). In females, although not significant, breast cancer incidence in the highest exposure group was higher than in the non-exposed group (in the highest group, RR, 4.7 (95% CI=0.5-27.9)). Conclusions : This study demonstrates that Korean farmers who use pesticides, particularly males, have a significantly higher total cancer incidence, particularly from digestive organ cancers such as, stomach, gallbladder, and liver cancer. In particular, the risk of gallbladder cancer was very high.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제48권9호
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• pp.79-87
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether employed mothers' extended working hours have effects on childcare style and work-family conflicts. The data came from the 2007 Korean Longitudinal Survey of Women and Family(KLoWF) of the Korean Women's Development Institute. 475 females with preschoolers or elementary-school children were used in this study. The major findings can be summarized as follows: (1) Weekly average working hours varied by education, salary, and the presence of preschoolers. (2) The time of childcare was significantly shorter in mothers who work more than 50 hours/week (3) Mothers who worked more than 50 hours/week felt significantly high work-family conflict. These analyses pointed to the importance of obeying the law related to working hours as the most important thing to sustain work-family balance. Institutional foundations should be enabled to keep legal working hours.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.193-207
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to investigate pre-service elementary teachers' attitudes towards science teaching using 'Dimensions of Attitude Toward the Teaching of Science (DAS)'. After confirming the factors and reliabilities of the translated questionnaire by pilot test (N=68), the survey was administered online at one national university of education in Korea (N=527). The pre-service teachers generally thought elementary science education is important and did not believe gender difference in students and in teachers. Science education majors than other majors, males than females, and those who completed high school science track than humanity track had more positive attitudes toward science teaching in elementary school. The extent of teacher education curriculum completion had a little effect on the pre-service teachers' attitudes toward science teaching. The implications for teacher education were discussed.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.115-126
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• 2000

The purpose of hisstudy was to explore effects of adolescents age sex and parental types on the types guilty and correlations between the Rule violation types and guilty types. A All of 698 middle school students and high school students in Pusan were administered Questionaires. The major findings of this study were as follows: Younger adolescents reported more guilty feelings than older adolescents in all types of guilty. Female adolescents reported more in selfish type guilty than males. Parental induction induced adolescents reported lower rates of violation in all types of rule violation than older adolescents. Male adolescents reported more violation in public related rule violation and property damage rule violation than females. There were negative relation between all guilty types and all Rule violation, These results were discussed and its implication and following study were suggested.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제36권6호
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• pp.646-652
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• 2003

This study was performed to determine the iron status of the adolescent Korean girls before and after menarche. The 101 subjects aged 11-13 years who attending in an elementary school in Mokpo were recruited. They were divided into pre-menarche (A) group or post-menarche (B) group based on their menstruation status. The latter subjects were sub-divided into one of the four groups according to the times of their menstruation B-I( $\geq$ 3 times), B-II (4-6 times), B-III (7-9 times) or B-W ( $\geq$ 10 times). In the total subjects, dietary iron intake, 11.3 mg/day, was below the Korean RDA for iron, the percentage of heme iron to total iron intake, 15%, and the bioavailability of dietary iron, 12.3%, seemed to be low. And their body iron storage, 140.8 mg, seemed to be insufficient. However, they tended to meet body's iron requirement in the cell level. Red blood cell number (RBC), hematocrit (Hct), and hemoglobin (Hb) level in the total subjects were 4.5 1012/I, 39.3%, and 13.0 g/㎗, respectively. The subjects in B group had lower (p<0.05) RBC and Hct compared to those in A group and the prevalence of iron-deficiency anemia tended to be high. Serum iron, ferritin, and soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) and sTfR:ferritin ratio were 86.7 $\mu\textrm{g}$/d, 17.6 $\mu\textrm{g}$/l, 3.58 mg/1, and 230, respectively. Those four indices were not significantly different among the groups. The results of this study imply that, although there a tendency to affect negatively iron status, menstrual blood loss in adolescent females does not deteriorate obviously their iron status during the relatively short period up to 1 you. However, it should be better to improve their iron status after starting menarche by increasing iron intake, especially heme-iron, and enhancing factors for iron absorption.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.444-451
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• 2000

This study was conducted to investigate how body size and weight control experience affect the nutrient intakes and the health status of adolescent females. The survey was carried out by self-questionnaires with 463 female high school and college students in Daegu. Analysis of data was done by using a t-test, and ANOVA with the SAS computer program. The average height, weight and BMI of the subjects were 161.2 cm, 53.4 kg, and 20.51 kg/$m^2$ respectively. However, 25.1% of the subjects belonged to the underweight group when we divided the subjects into 3 groups- underweight, normal-weight, overweight-according to their present body size. The average Fe intake of the subjects was less than 50% of the Korean recommended dietary allowances. The dietary intakes of energy and Vit. A were significantly higher in the underweight group than in other groups. However, no significant differences among body size groups were observed in the dietary habit score and the nutritional knowledge score. It also appeared that the dietary habit score and the nutritional knowledge score of the weight control attemptees were worse than those of the non-attemptees. The physical health status of the subjects significantly differed according to weight control experience, and the psychological health status of the subjects differed with present body size. The physical health condition of the weight control attemptees was worse than the non-attemptees. and the psychological health condition of the overweight group was worse than other groups. The results indicated that unnecessary weight control in adolescent females induces unhealthy food behavior which is linked to undesirable health status.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.27-38
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• 2017

Maintaining adequate fluid balance is essential for all biological functions in the body. The purpose of this study was to evaluate vulnerability to dehydration by analyzing age, gender, body mass index (BMI), and blood lipid parameters in health checkup examinees who visited Sahmyook Seoul Hospital for comprehensive health checkups. In a binary logistic regression analysis stratified by age and body mass index the odd ratio for dehydration was as high as 3.317 (95% CI: 1.666~6.605) in the 50s age group, 4.224 (95% CI: 2.038~ 8.755) in the 60s age group, and 4.610 (95% CI: 1.943~10.940) in the above 70s age group compared to 20s reference age group. Aged females showed greater vulnerability to dehydration with significance levels of P<0.01 and P<0.001. Compared to a normal weight (BMI: 18.5~22.9) the odd ratio was higher in males with an under weight (BMI: less than 18.5) (5.130 [95% CI: 1.631~16.132]) and in females with an over weight (BMI: 23.0~24.9) (1.500 [95% CI: 1.065~2.114]). In conclusion, our results showed that vulnerability to dehydration increased with age and was higher in under weight males and over weight females than that in normal weight.