• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제57권2호
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• pp.225-231
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• 2019

우리나라의 경우 지상에 설치된 고압 천연가스 배관과 건축물 간의 최소 이격거리는 가스기술기준(KGS code)에 의해 규제된다. 이 논문을 통해 이러한 최소 이격거리를 관련된 KGS 코드를 개정한 기술적 근거를 보여주고자 한다. 이격거리를 설정하는 접근 방법으로 합리적 사고 시나리오에 의한 피해기반 접근법을 적용하였는데 배관에 부착된 1인치 분기 라인이 파손되어 제트화재가 발생한 시나리오를 선정하였다. 여기서 공업지역에 종사하는 작업자에 대해 비공업지역에 있는 사람들보다 더 높은 허용가능 복사열 플럭스를 적용하였다. 그 이유는 공업지역에 종사하는 근로자는 일반 대중들 보다 더 짧은 시간 안에 비상 대피가 가능하기 때문이다. 이 사고 시나리오에 대한 피해영향 분석 결과로부터 지상에 설치된 고압 천연가스 배관과 건축물 간의 최소 이격거리로서 비공업지역에서는 30 m, 공업지역에서는 15 m로 KGS 코드 개정을 제안하였다. 코드 개정안은 KGS 코드 위원회(가스기술기준위원회)에 채택되어 현재 시행 중이다.

• 열처리공학회지
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.277-283
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• 2016

The influences of cooling pressure of quenching process on the mechanical properties such as hardness, impact endurance and anti-thermal fatigue behaviour of STD61 steel were investigated. The specimens were heat-treated using a vacuum furnace in which they were austenitized at $1,030^{\circ}C$ for 1hour under the pressure of $10^{-3}$ torr and cooled with quenching gas of various pressure, i.e. 1, 2 and 6 bar. According to the observation on the specimens prepared with quenching from austenizing temperature, the mechanical properties of the samples with higher quenching pressure were better than those of prepared at lower quenching pressure. The samples prepared with high quenching pressure showed the more homogeneous microstructure with finer carbides. The size of carbides such as VC and (Fe, Cr)C in quenched specimens decreased with increasing gas quenching pressure. It is considered that the rapid cooling with pressure may restrict the formation and growth of carbide.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2009년도 제38회 동계학술대회 초록집
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• pp.233-233
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• 2010

Magnetic random access memory (MRAM), based on magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) and CMOS, is a prominent candidate among prospective semiconductor memories because it can provide nonvolatility, fast access time, unlimited read/write endurance, low operating voltage and high storage density. The etching of MTJ stack with good properties is one of a key process for the realization of high density MRAM. In order to achieve high quality MTJ stack, the use of CoFeB and IrMn magnetic films as free layers was proposed. In this study, inductively coupled plasma reactive ion etching of CoFeB and IrMn thin films masked with Ti hard mask was investigated in a $Cl_2$/Ar gas mix. The etch rate of CoFeB and IrMn films were examined on varying $Cl_2$ gas concentration. As the $Cl_2$ gas increased, the etch rate monotonously decreased. The effective of etch parameters including coil rf power, dc-bais voltage, and gas pressure on the etch profile of CoFeB and IrMn thin film was explored, At high coil rf power, high dc-bais voltage, low gas pressure, the etching of CoFeB and IrMn displayed better etch profiles. Finally, the clean and vertical etch sidewall of CoFeB and IrMn free layers can be achieved by means of thin Ti hard mask in a $Cl_2$/Ar plasma at the optimized condition.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2009년도 제38회 동계학술대회 초록집
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• pp.213-213
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• 2010

Magnetic random access memory (MRAM), based on magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) and CMOS, is one of the best semiconductor memories because it can provide nonvolatility, fast access time, unlimited read/write endurance, low operating voltage and high storage density. For the realization of high density MRAM, the etching of MTJ stack with good properties is one of a key process. Recently, there has been great interest in the MTJ stack using MgO as barrier layer for its huge room temperature MR ratio. The use of MgO barrier layer will undoubtedly accelerate the development of MTJ stack for MRAM. In this study, high-density plasma reactive ion etching of MgO films was investigated in an inductively coupled plasma of $Cl_2$/Ar gas mixes. The etch rate, etch selectivity and etch profile of this magnetic film were examined on vary gas concentration. As the $Cl_2$ gas concentration increased, the etch rate of MgO monotonously decreased and etch slop was slanted. The effective of etch parameters including coil rf power, dc-bais voltage, and gas pressure on the etch profile of MgO thin film was explored, At high coil rf power, high dc-bais voltage, low gas pressure, the etching of MgO displayed better etch profiles. Finally, the clean and vertical etch sidewall of MgO films was achieved using $Cl_2$/Ar plasma at the optimized etch conditions.

• 한국추진공학회지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.10-16
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• 2004

원통 다발형 그레인의 연소시험 결과 저주파 불안정 현상이 나타났다. 그 원인은 원통 그레인 내면의 압력과 외면의 압력차(압력 비평형)가 주원인임을 알 수 있었으며, 그레인 반경방향으로 홀을 뚫어 그레인 내면에 상승된 압력을 외면으로 빠르게 확산되도록 하여 안정된 연소현상을 얻을 수 있었다. 그러나 고온 조건에서도 안정된 연소 현상을 얻기 위하여 직경 3mm 흘 7개를 뚫게 됨에 따라 가스발생량의 증가가 많이 둔화되어 격자를 사용하는 방법을 연구하게 되었다. 격자를 사용함으로써 큰 와류(large vorticity)를 소멸시켜 그레인에 홀을 뚫지 않고도 안정된 연소를 얻을 수 있었으며 가스 발생량도 점진적으로 증가시킬 수 있었다. 가로${\times}$세로 격자는 5${\times}$5, 그레인은 격자에 고정시키지 않을 때 가장 좋은 결과를 얻을 수 있었다.

• 천문학회보
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.117.2-117.2
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• 2011

We probe 12CO J=2-1 and 13CO J=1-0 properties of a Virgo disk galaxy, NGC 4402 which is located near the cluster center. Our goal is to study the impact of intra cluster medium (ICM) on the molecular gas of a galaxy in the cluster environment. It has been believed that cluster galaxies are deficient in atomic hydrogen gas (HI gas) compared to their field counterparts and now there is much evidence that low density ISM can be easily removed by ram pressure caused by ICM wind. Meanwhile, no significant molecular gas deficiency of the cluster galaxy population has been found yet they show overall lower star formation rate than galaxies in the field, and it is still controversy whether dense ISM can be also stripped by the ICM wind or not. NGC 4402 with truncated HI disk($D_{HI}/D_{opt}$ ~ 0.75 and only 36%of HI gas compare to field galaxies of a similar size) and a disturbed gas morphology, appears to have strong ongoing ram pressure. Using high resolution 12 and 13CO data of NGC 4402 from a Sub Millimeter Array (SMA), we probe the molecular gas properties under strong ICM pressure. We discuss how its star formation activity and hence the global color of NGC4402 would be changed in the future.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제44권5호
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• pp.468-475
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• 2006

압축성이 큰 케이크에 의한 여과에서는 압력의 증가가 여과속도를 거의 향상시키지 못한다. 이 경우 높은 압력은 여과매체 옆의 케이크 공간률을 급격히 감소시켜 dense skin(치밀층, 緻密層)을 형성하여 이 층이 물의 통과속도를 매우 느리게 하기 때문이다. 실제로 압축성이 큰 케이크의 여과에서 여과속도를 향상시키기 위한 특별한 방법이 없었다. 본 연구에서는 여과 대상액을 여과조작 전에 $CO_2$ 가스로 포화시켜 용액에 녹아 있던 $CO_2$ 가스가 압력이 급격히 변하는 치밀층에서 기체 상태로 변화하여 치밀층 내에 작은 공간을 확보하고, 그 공간이 물길을 형성하여 여과속도를 향상시 킬 수 있는 가능성에 대해 연구하였다.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.570-576
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• 2017

Gas turbine system with steam injection has shown outstanding advantages such as high specific power and NOx reduction. In the present work, a comparative exergetic analysis was carried out for Steam Injected Gas Turbine (STIG), Regenerative Steam Injected Gas Turbine (RSTIG), and Regenerative After Fogging Gas Turbine (RAF). Effects of pressure ratio, steam injection ratio and steam injection method on the system performance was theoretically investigated. The results showed that the order of the highest exergy efficiency is RSTIG, RAF, and STIG for low pressure ratios but STIG, RSTIG, and RAF for high pressure ratios. In each arrangement, the combustion chamber has the highest exergy destruction and the compressor has the second one.

• 한국추진공학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.26-33
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• 2014

기체중심 스월 인젝터는 대형 액체 로켓 엔진의 주연소기로 광범위하게 사용되고 있다. 케로신과 산소과잉 가스와 같은 기체-액체 추진제들은 임계 압력 이상의 높은 압력 조건에서 혼합, 연소되므로 대기조건에서의 비연소 분무실험은 실제적인 분무 거동을 정확히 재현할 수 없다. 기체중심 스월 인젝터에서 실제 조건과 유사한 분무 패턴을 관측하기 위해서, 고압 챔버와 제어 시스템이 구성되었고 선명한 가시화 결과를 얻기 위하여 실험 과정이 정밀하게 제어되었다.

• 동력기계공학회지
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.5-10
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• 2013

Diesel engines have the advantages of good fuel efficiency and low emissions. Therefore, car makers have been developed various kinds of diesel engine management system to clean up emissions while improving fuel efficiency. One of them is the common rail system. In the common rail system, diesel fuel is injected into the combustion chamber at ultra high pressures up to 1,800 bar to ensure more complete combustion for cleaner exhaust gas, and highly precise multiple injection reduces NOx emission, combustion noise and vibration. Generally speaking, common rail system consists of booster pump, high pressure pump, common rail, injectors, control valves, and sensors. The high pressure pump receives low pressure fuel from the booster pump and supply high pressure fuel to injectors through the high pressure common injection rail. Therefore, high pressure pump has an important role in common rail system. In this paper, we have investigated the performance of high pressure pump of common rail system.