• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
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• 2007.10a
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• pp.21-24
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• 2007

This paper deals with introduction of testing equipments for the evaluation of dynamic tensile characteristics of auto-body steel sheets and the crashworthiness of auto-body members. The servo-hydraulic high speed material testing machine was developed for tensile tests at the intermediate strain rate to obtain the tensile material properties at the strain rate under 500/sec. The split Hopkinson bar apparatus using the elastic wave was developed for dynamic material characteristics at the high strain rate ranged from 1,000 to 10,000/sec. The servo-hydraulic high speed crash testing machine is the equipment for the evaluation of the collapse load and crashworthiness of auto-body members. High speed carrying truck crashes to specimen with the maximum velocity of 17 m/sec.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.171-176
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• 2007

An important challenging issue in the automotive industry is the light-weight, safe design and enhancement of crash response of an auto-body structures. These objectives lead to increasing adoption of high strength steel sheet for inner and outer auto-body members. This paper evaluates the dynamic tensile characteristics of high strength steel sheets, HS45R, TRIP60, DP60 and DP100, along the rolling direction and transverse direction. Static tensile tests were carried out at the strain rate of 0.003/sec using the static tensile machine (Instron 5583). Dynamic tensile tests were carried out at the range of strain rate from 0.1/sec to 200/sec using a high speed material testing machine developed. The tensile tests acquire stress-strain relation and strain rate sensitivity of each material. The experimental results show two important aspects for high strength steels: the flow stress increases as strain rate increases; the strain hardening decreases as the tensile stress increases. The experiments also produce interesting results that the elongation does not decrease even when the strain rate increases.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2004.04a
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• pp.456-461
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• 2004

The dynamic behavior of sheet metals must be examined to ensure the impact characteristics of auto-body by a finite element method. An appropriate experimental method has to be developed to acquire the material properties at the intermediate strain rate which is under 500/s in the crash analysis of auto-body. In this paper, tensile tests of various different steel sheets for an auto-body were performed to obtain the dynamic material properties with respect to the strain rate which is ranged from 0.003/sec to 200/sec. A high speed material testing machine was made for tension tests at the intermediate strain rate and the dimensions of specimens that can provide the reasonable results were determined by the finite element analysis. Stress-strain curves were obtained for each steel sheet from the dynamic tensile test and used to deduce the relationship of the yield stress and the elongation to the strain rate. These results are significant not only in the crashworthiness evaluation under car crash but also in the high speed metal forming.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.857-866
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• 2013

This paper is concerned with the material properties of functional high explosive(FHX) simulant at various strain rates ranging from $10^{-4}/sec$ to $10^1/sec$. Material properties of FHX at high strain rates are important in prediction of deformation modes of FHX in a warhead which undergoes dynamic loading. Inert FHX stimulant which has analogous mechanical properties with FHX was utilized for material tests due to safety issues. Uniaxial tensile tests at quasi-static strain rates ranging from $10^{-4}/sec$ to $10^{-2}/sec$ and intermediate strain rates ranging from $10^{-1}/sec$ to $10^1/sec$ were conducted with JANNAF specimen using a tensile testing machine, INTRON 5583, and developed high speed material testing machine, respectively. Uniaxial compressive tests at quasi-static strain rates and intermediate strain rates were conducted with cylindrical specimen using a dynamic materials testing machine, INSTRON 8801. And cyclic compressive loading tests were performed with various strain rates and strains. Deformation behaviors were investigated using captured images obtained from a high-speed camera.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.275-278
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• 2005

INCONEL 718, nickel based superalloy, has good formability, high strength, excellent corrosion resistance and mechanical properties at high temperature. Owing to theses attractive properties, it finds use in applications such as combustion system, turbine engines and nuclear reactors. In such applications, components are typically required to be tolerant of high stress impact loading. This may cause material degradation and lead to catastrophic failure during service operation. In order to design optimal structural parts made of INCONEL 718, accurate understanding of material's mechanical properties, dynamic behavior and fracture characteristic as a function of strain rates are required. This paper concerned with the dynamic material properties of the INCONEL 718 for the various strain rates. The dynamic response of the INCONEL 718 at intermediate strain rate is obtained from the high speed tensile test machine test and at the high strain rate is from the split Hopkinson pressure bar test. Based on the experimental results, the effects of strain rate on dynamic flow stress, work hardening characteristics, strain rate sensitivity and elongation to the failure are evaluated. Experimental results from both quasi-static and high strain rate up to the 5000/sec are interpolated in order to construct the Johnson-Cook model as the constitutive relation that should be applied to simulate and design the structural parts made of INCONEL 718.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.347-347
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• 2005

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
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• 2007.10a
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• pp.360-363
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• 2007

This paper deals with the dynamic tensile characteristics of the steel sheets for structural members of a train. Train accidents occurs rarely but lead to many casualties and economical loss. Therefore the safety of the train becomes important during the train crash. The dynamic tensile characteristics of the steel sheets are indispensable to analyze the structural crashworthiness. Current research reports the stress-strain curves, fracture elongation and strain rate sensitivities evaluated at the various strain rates especially for SUS304L-ST and SUS304L-LT steel sheets. The results include the difference in the dynamic tensile characteristics of both rolling and transverse directions. Dynamic tensile tests were performed at the strain rates ranging from 0.003/sec to 200/sec using High Speed Material Testing Machine. The materials tested in this research shows interesting behavior at the low strain rates. The strain hardening exponent decreases remarkably while the yield strength increases.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.324-329
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• 2014

Purpose: The finite element method (FEM) is advantageous because it can save time and cost by reducing the number of samples and experiments in the effort to identify design factors. In computational problem-solving it is necessary that the exact material properties are input for achieving a reliable analysis. However, in the case of fiber boards, it is difficult to measure their cross-directional material properties because of their small thickness. In previous research studies, the Poisson's ratio was measured by analyzing ultrasonic wave velocities. Recently, the Poisson's ratio was measured using a high-speed digital camera. In this study, we measured the transverse strain of a fiber board and calculated its Poisson's ratio using a high-speed digital camera in order to apply these estimates to a FEM analysis of a fiber board, a corrugated board, and a corrugated box. Methods: Three different fiber board samples were used in a uniaxial tensile test. The longitudinal strain was measured using the Universal Testing Machine. The transverse strain was measured using an image processing method. To calculate the transverse strain, we acquired images of the fiber board before the test onset and before the fracture occurred. Acquired images were processed using the image processing program MATLAB. After the images were converted from color to binary, we calculated the width of the fiber board. Results: The calculated Poisson's ratio ranged between 0.2968-0.4425 (Machine direction, MD) and 0.1619-0.1751 (Cross machine direction, CD). Conclusions: This study demonstrates that measurement of the transverse properties of a fiber board is possible using image processing methods. Correspondingly, these processing methods could be used to measure material properties that are difficult to measure using conventional measuring methodologies that employ strain gauge extensometers.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.146.2-146.2
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• 2005

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.14 no.6 s.78
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• pp.559-564
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• 2005

INCONEL 718, nickel based superalloy, has good formability, high strength, excellent corrosion resistance and mechanical properties at high temperature. Owing to theses attractive properties, it is utilized in applications such as combustion system, turbine engines and nuclear reactors. In such applications, components are typically required to be tolerant of high stress impact loading. This may cause material degradation and lead to catastrophic failure during service operation. Accurate understanding of material's mechanical properties with various strain rates is required in order to guarantee the reliability of structural parts made of INCONEL 718. This paper is concerned with the dynamic material properties of the INCONEL 718 at various strain rates. The dynamic response of the INCONEL 718 at the intermediate strain rate is obtained from the high speed tensile test and at the high strain rate is from the split Hopkinson pressure bar test. The effect of the strain rate on dynamic flow stress, work hardening characteristics, strain rate sensitivity and elongation to the failure is evaluated with the experimental results. Experimental results from both the quasi-static and the high strain rate up to 5000/sec are interpolated in order to construct the Johnson-Cook model as the constitutive relation that should be applied to simulate and design the structural parts made of rNCONEL 718.