• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.192-199
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• 2015

Heterogeneous cellular networks are gaining momentum in industry and the research community, and are attracting the attention of standard bodies such as 3GPP LTE and IEEE 802.16j, whose objectives are to increase the capacity and coverage of cellular networks. In this article, we provide an overview of expansion strategies, optimal locations of base stations with different characteristics, and radio-planning models.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제40권5호
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• pp.812-814
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• 2015

각 기지국이 공통된 자기구성 전략을 사용하고 자신의 상황 고려하여 자신의 셀 접속 방식을 정하는 분산 자기 구성 셀 접속 기법을 제안하고 복잡도가 높은 중앙 집중 집합 접속 방식과의 성능저하 없이 복잡도를 매우 낮출 수 있음을 보였다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제15권7호
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• pp.2650-2667
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• 2021

In this paper, we derive the expression of the cache hitting probability with random caching policy and propose the joint optimization algorithm based on difference of convex algorithm (DCA) in the three-tier caching heterogeneous cellular network assisted by macro base stations, helpers and users. Under the constraint of the caching capacity of caching devices, we establish the optimization problem to maximize the cache hitting probability of the network. In order to solve this problem, a convex function is introduced to convert the nonconvex problem to a difference of convex (DC) problem and then we utilize DCA to obtain the optimal caching probability of macro base stations, helpers and users for each content respectively. Simulation results show that when the density of caching devices is relatively low, popular contents should be cached to achieve a good performance. However, when the density of caching devices is relatively high, each content ought to be cached evenly. The algorithm proposed in this paper can achieve the higher cache hitting probability with the same density.

• 전자공학회논문지
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• 제51권10호
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• pp.45-49
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• 2014

이기종 셀룰러 네트워크에서는 셀 계층간 접속되는 사용자의 수가 크게 달라지고, 이로 인해 사용자와 기지국 연결을 최적화하는 로드 밸런싱(load balancing)이 필수적으로 요구되어진다. 그러나 로드 밸런싱을 위하여 셀의 크기를 조정하는 경우 간섭량이 증가하는 문제점이 발생한다. 본 논문에서는 이기종 셀룰러 시스템(heterogeneous cellular system)에서 다중 수신 안테나를 이용하여 인접 셀로부터 오는 간섭을 제거할 때, 사용자와 기지국 사이의 연결을 최적화하고 사용자들의 전송 용량 성능을 확인한다. 결과적으로 다중 안테나 간섭 제거 기법을 적용하면, 로드 밸런싱이 이루어진 이기종 셀룰러 시스템의 성능을 크게 향상시킬 수 있음을 모의실험 결과를 통해 보여준다.

• 정보학연구
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.131-142
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• 2005

The principles on which the Internet was designed and has evolved were first laid out in an explicit way 20 years age. The basic principle is that in layered communications network such as the Internet, functions should always be implemented at the end systems whenever the option exists. This applies to all functions that can be implemented either in the network or at the end systems. End-to-end arguments have recently been reexamined as the Internet and its uses have evolved, and a new set of requirements has begun to emerge. In addition to these, it add a new, and perhaps more important, requirement to this list in the case of heterogeneous networks: the proliferation of unpredictable wireless networks. Wireless networks must cope with dynamic link conditions not present in wired infrastructures, which place a heavy burden on quality of service management solutions. Managing QoS in the face of constantly changing operating conditions demands dynamic management approaches that span multiple layers in the protocol stack. Such as cross-layer design approaches have recently received attention in the context of cellular and mobile special networks. This article introduce the notion of network predictability and describe its relationship to achievable QoS. This relationship is used to propose a framework for cross layer design that can be used to guide development efforts and direct investment decisions for future networks.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.91-96
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• 2015

이종의 셀룰러 망은 다양한 무선 환경에서의 이동 단말 서비스를 지원한다. 최근 셀룰러 망에서는 음성 서비스 및 데이터 서비스의 요구가 폭발적으로 증가하고 있는 추세로 기술적 기반이 LTE-A (Long-Term Evolution Advanced)와 IEEE 802.16m 무선망으로 전환되어 보다 많은 수의 기지국 서비스 지원을 필요로 하게 되었다. 셀룰러 망에서의 전력 수요는 대부분 기지국에서 소모되며 이에 기지국의 에너지 소모의 절감이 요구되고 있는 시점이다. 본 논문에서는 동적인 전력 관리 방안을 기반으로 기지국의 전력 소비를 줄이는 방안을 제안한다. 본 논문에서는 시뮬레이션을 통하여 저전력 기지국 수행을 위한 핸드오버 방식의 성능 분석을 수행한다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.1841-1865
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• 2017

This paper proposes a new interference mitigation scheme for device-to-device (D2D) communications underlaying a cellular network. The object of the proposed scheme is to determine the number of data streams, a precoding matrix, and a decoding matrix of D2D networks so as to maximize the system capacity given the number of data streams of a cellular network while satisfying the constraint of the inter-system interference from D2D networks to the cellular network. Unlike existing interference mitigation schemes based on the interference alignment technique, the proposed scheme operates properly regardless of the number of data streams of a cellular network and moreover it does not require changing the precoding and decoding matrices of a cellular network. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme significantly increases the system capacity by mitigating the intra- and inter-system interference.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제38A권5호
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• pp.451-458
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• 2013

본 논문에서는 단일 주파수 이기종 셀룰러 네트워크에서 매크로셀 사용자로 인해 발생하는 간섭을 회피하여 펨토셀 상향링크 성능을 향상시키는 기법을 제안한다. 매크로셀 사용자가 펨토셀 기지국 주변에 존재할 경우 매크로셀 사용자의 송신 전력이 펨토셀에 심각한 간섭으로 영향을 주어 펨토셀 상향링크 성능이 열화된다. 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 본 논문에서는 매크로셀 사용자로 부터 극심한 간섭을 받는 펨토셀 기지국은 상하향링크 프레임 위치를 서로 변경한 뒤, 매크로셀 사용자의 데이터를 중계 기법을 통하여 매크로셀 기지국으로 전송하는 기법을 제안한다. 제안한 방식의 펨토셀 상향링크 시간 동안 펨토셀과 매크로셀 사용자가 시간을 나누어 펨토셀 기지국으로 전송하고 하향링크 시간 동안 중첩 부호화 기술을 사용하여 펨토셀 사용자와 매크로 사용자의 데이터를 동시에 전송하게 된다. 본 논문에서는 모의실험을 통하여 제안한 방식이 펨토셀 상하향링크의 성능개선에 효과가 있음을 확인할 수 있다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제14권8호
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• pp.3366-3383
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• 2020

The Poisson point process (PPP) is widely used in wireless network modeling and performance analysis because it can provide tractable results for heterogeneous cellular networks (HetNets) analysis. However, it cannot accurately reflect the spatial distribution characteristics of the actual base stations (BSs). Considering the fact that the distribution of macro base stations (MBSs) is exclusive, the deployment of MBSs is modeled by the Matérn hard-core point process (MHCPP), and the deployment of pico base stations (PBSs) is modeled by PPP. This paper studies the performance of multiantenna HetNets and improves the energy efficiency (EE) of HetNets by optimizing the transmit power of PBSs. We use a simple approximate method to study the signal-to-interference ratio (SIR) distribution in two-tier MHCPP-PPP HetNets and derive the coverage probability, average data rate and EE of HetNets. Then, an optimization algorithm is proposed to improve the EE of HetNets. Finally, three transmission technologies are simulated and analyzed. The results show that multiantenna transmission has better system performance than single antenna transmission and that selecting the appropriate transmit power for a PBS can effectively improve the EE of the system. In addition, two-tier MHCPP-PPP HetNets have higher EE than two-tier PPP-PPP HetNets.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제11권11호
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• pp.5301-5323
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• 2017

Small cell deployment offers a low-cost solution for the boosted traffic demand in heterogeneous cellular networks (HCNs). Besides improved spatial spectrum efficiency and energy efficiency, future HCNs are also featured with the trend of network architecture convergence and feasibility for flexible mobile applications. To achieve these goals, dual connectivity (DC) is playing a more and more important role to support control/user-plane splitting, which enables maintaining fixed control channel connections for reliability. In this paper, we develop a tractable framework for the downlink SINR analysis of DC assisted HCN. Based on stochastic geometry model, the data-control joint coverage probabilities under multi-frequency and single-frequency tiering are derived, which involve quick integrals and admit simple closed-forms in special cases. Monte Carlo simulations confirm the accuracy of the expressions. It is observed that the increase in mobility robustness of DC is at the price of control channel SINR degradation. This degradation severely worsens the joint coverage performance under single-frequency tiering, proving multi-frequency tiering a more feasible networking scheme to utilize the advantage of DC effectively. Moreover, the joint coverage probability can be maximized by adjusting the density ratio of small cell and macro cell eNBs under multi-frequency tiering, though changing cell association bias has little impact on the level of the maximal coverage performance.